LIRNGHING BAWK AW!

Zirbing miten kan chhehvel ram leilung dinhmun chik taka an zir chian hnuah, lirnghing na tak pawh t^wk thei z$ngah min rin lut ve a. Pathian khawngaihna az^rah, lirpui kan la t^wklo a, chutih laiin tunhnaiah lirnghing nghawr kan tuar ta zeuh zeuh mai. Kan fel av^ng leh Pathian kan ṭih viau av^nga lirpuiin min kal kahlen ang z^wnga ngai kan awm m>k laiin, kan sual tawh >m av^nga tawk ve anga ngai kan awm bawk! Lirnghing tam ber hi chu leilung sakhat hlawm (plate) che aṭanga insiam a ni a. Leilung innawr tawnin a d^wl loh chin, a chak lo laiah inpelhsawlh/ khi chat (fault) a insiam a. Inn>k tawn reng, innawr tawn rengah leilung f^n theihna in a tlin tawh loh t^wpah hian, kum tamtak chh<ng thahrui lo inchh>k kh^wl tawh kha vawi leh khatah a rawn chhuah ta thut ṭhin a, hei hian lirnghing a rawn siam a. Hemi nghawr hi a chet d^n azirn chi hrang hrangah an ṭhen leh a, hnung-hma-hnung-hma anga che chi (P-wave) te, ding-vei-ding-vei anga nghawr (S-wave) leh thing nawk nawk ang (Surface/ R- wave) te in; h>ngte hi lirnghing pakhat ken tel vek kha a ni.

Lir a nghin a, lian tham taka thahrui a chhuah hian, leilung han insiam rem leh kh^n lirpui (main shock) hnuah nghin nawn (aftershock) a siam leh a, lirpui aiin a nghawr na tawh lova, hriat thamin a nghing nawn vek kher lo. Lirpui nghin hnu hun reilote aṭanga kar/ thla/ kum daihah pawh a thleng thei, a thlen hun tur sawi l^wk theih a ni lo. Lirnghing lian thamah chuan nghin nawn hi a zing a, a na bawk. Mi 8,000 chuangin nunna an ch^nna April 25, 2015 Nepal lirnghing kha M 7.9-a na a ni a, a hnuah khan nghin nawn vawi 304 zet a awm, M 5.0 chin ringawt pawh vawi 25 a nghing nawn a. May 12, 2015-a M 7.3-a naa a nghin nawn khan mi 218 zetin nunna an ch^n a ni. A ch^ng chuan, lirpui thlen hmain ṭh^wn hmasa (foreshock) a awm ṭhin, hemi hnua lir lo nghing kha a na z^wk ṭhin.

Lirnghing thlen theihna b^wr leh a nghawng thei t<rte hi chu a hriat theih a, engtikah nge, engti anga na in nge a nghing ang tihte hi an chh<t nasa hl>. A ṭhenah han sawi dik ve fuk mah se, a dik vek lo; lirnghing zirmi (Seismologist) te chuan lirnghin hun tur tak han sawi chut chut te hi an ch$ng duh mang lo! Chuti anga nasa in lo nghing ta se, tih lam hawi hi Sorkar, khawtlang leh chhungkua, mimal kan lo inbuatsaih theih n^n sawi a ni ṭhin.

Zirbingna aṭanga hmuh chhuah d^n chuan, India ram hlawm (Indian plate) hian kum khata mm 58± 4-a chakin a
ṭhenawm ram hlawm (Eurasian plate) hi kan n>k a, Himalayan tl^ng dung bawrah ringawt hian kum khata mm 17.52± 2-a nawr chho ang a ni a, hemi awmzia chu kumtin cm 2 z>lin Nepal ram hi nawr tawm zel a, kum 100-ah chuan hmar z^wngin cm 200 zeta nawr ang a ni a. Heti ang inn>k tawn aṭanga thahrui lo inchh>k kh^wl hi lirnghing hmangin a lo inpaih th^wl tawh ṭhin a. Ch<ng z$nga India hmarchhak/ Himalaya tl^ng hnaih ram nghawng na zualte chu- Shillong lirnghing (M 8.2, June ni 12, 1897) te; Kangra (H.P) lirnghing (M 8.0, April ni 4, 1905) te, Shrimangal (Assam) lirnghing (M 7.6, July ni 8, 1918) te, Dhubri (Assam) lirnghing (M 7.1, July ni 2, 1930) te, Nepal-Bihar lirnghing (M 8.3, Jan. ni 15, 1934), Assam lirnghing (M 7.2, Oct. ni 23, 1943) te, Arunachal Pradesh-China inrina b^wra lirnghing (M 8.5, Aug. ni 15, 1950) te, Manipur-Myanmar inrina b^wra lirnghing (M 6.6, Aug. ni 6, 1988) te, Nepal lirnghing (M 7.8, Apr. ni 25, 2015) te, Imphal (Manipur) khawpui chhak lirnghing (M 6.7, Jan. ni 4, 2016) leh Molaik lirnghing (M 6.9, Apr. ni 13, 2016) te hi a ni.

Satellite thlalak aṭanga kan ram chh<nga chiang taka lei inpelhsawlh/ khi chat (fault) hmuh theih, lirnghing pawh han siam ve thei nia rin chu Mat fault (Mat lui dung) hi a ni a. Ding lam z^wnga inpelh sawlh chi anga ngaih a ni; a inpelhsawlh thui z^wng aṭanga chh<tin, Dr. Lalliana Mualchin chuan MMS/Mw 7-1/4 thlenga na lirnghing siam thei t<rin a ngai. He lai hmun hi che reng t<ra rin a ni a; mahse kum 6 (2006- 2011) chh<ng kumtin hunbi neia GPS hmanga a ch>t chak dan endik ṭhin a nih hn<ah, kh^wlin a enfiah theih chin km 6 thlenga th<kah chuan ngaihmawh thama n^-in lei hi a che lo nia report a ni (Tiwari et al., 2015). Heti lai lei inpelhsawlh hian lirnghing hriat tham a siam lo tihna ang deuh a ni a; mahse Mizoram leh a chhehvel lirnghing tehna kh^wl hmanga thlithlai tawhtu Dr. Saitluanga (PUC) chuan, kh^wl hmang chauha hriat theih chi (M 0 to 3) chhinchhiah a nei thung. Zirbingna thuchhuah hrang hrang aṭanga thl$rin, kan ram chh<nga insiam lirnghing aiin, kan chhehv>l rama lirnghing thleng hi kan tuar tam ber leh, kan la tuar zin tur pawh a nih hm>l.

T<nhnaia Mizoramin lirnghing kan tawrh nat zual-te chu- kumin January ni 4 t<k dar 4:30-a nghing M 6.7-a na te, April ni 13 z^n dar 7:25-a nghing M 6.9-a na leh February ni 4, 2011 zan dar 7:25-a, M 6.4-a na a nghing te kha a ni. Hengte hi ram p^wna lirnghing insiam ni mah se, Mizoram pumin kan hria a, concrete tuizem p<t leh in leh hmun ṭhenkhat khi tih loh chu, thi leh hliam an awm hriat a ni lo thung.

Chhiatna thlen nasa thei bera sawi- lirnghing hi kan hlau takzet a nih chuan, in leh lo kan dinna hmun turah kan fimkhur tur a ngai ngei ang. Leimin tawhna ang chi leh, hmun awih lutuka insak pumpelh z>l nise. Hmun z^l leh rem ṭhaah a awm vek theih loh; awih tlana in kan sa a nih pawhin, a tlem thei ang ber lei laih ni se la. Pucca building kan sa a nih pawhin, himna dan hrang hrangte zawm thlapin, Engineer/ Architech r^wnin sa ila. An duan ang leh an thu ang kan tlin d^wn lo anih chuan, kan ph^k t^wk thl$rin, Assam type building te hi i uar leh teh ang. In z^ng leh hniam apiangin an tuar na lo ania. In hi a s^n poh leh a sawi na a, a rih avangin a innghahna leiin a d^wl loh a hlauhawm a. Lirnghing nghawrin an nghawng chhuah theih, ruah bawhawk sur av^nga kan tuar fo leimin hi kan ram tan chuan a hlauhthawnawm z^wk a. AMC Building regulation te hi a zawng a za in z^wm thlap thlap vek lo mah ila, hmundang ngaihtuahin kan in sak ngawr ngawr hi chu a ṭha t^wk maithei, mahse, kan in s^kna, building lian leh rit innghahna kan ram leilung hi a ngheh lutuk loh b^kah, ruahtui dawng tam ram kan ni si a.

Biak In leh puipunna hmuna awm tam kan ni a, hetih rual hian kan Biak In sak d^n hmang leh puipunna hmun kan sak leh chei d^n hian himna d^n tam tak a ph^k lo a. Kohhran tam z^wk chuan, kan duant$r Engineer thiam z^wkte thur^wn aiin, a sak d^nah mimal ngaihd^n, Committee ngaihd^n kan la lutuk em aw, a tih theih. Committee-in awm se kan duh d^n chip-chiar kan sawi ang a, heng hre tel chungin mithiam z^wkten a s^k dan tur an ruahman mai d^wn a. Mithiam r^wn tur tam z^wk an awm hnu hi chuan, sak pum d^wn tawha han vuak chhiat leh han tih ṭhat leh nawk nawkte pawh hi bo tawh se la!

Kan chenna in, v^ntl^ng punkh^wmna leh Biak In hmunhma te hi, a hmun kan lei emaw, kan sak hma emaw in leilung zirmi- Geologist emaw Engineer emaw ten uluk taka an enfiah hn< ni thei se. Kan in sak pianhmang pawh, a mawi d^n t<r ngaihtuah chunga, a hmunhma ngheh dan leh a in sak ngheh dan tur ngaih pawimawh lehzual ni se. A chh<ng kan cheimawina pawh a mawi t<r lam thl$r chungin, lir nghing ta se, a hnuaiah thlamuang takin kan awm ngam angem, tih ngaihtuah chunga siam ni ṭh$n se. Mi sak d^n mawi leh ṭha entawn kan duh pawhin, kan in leh lo hmunhma in a zir leh zir loh ngaihtuah tel pawh a him z^wk ngei ang. In chung hi cement plaster ai mahin, rawng han hnawih mai emaw, kan bel mawi duh a nih paw’n plastic leh thil dang z^ngkhai hmanga chei te pawh hi a intihhmuh chi khawp ang. Khawpui mai ni lo, thingtl^ngah pawh concrete-a in sak kan uar chho ta hian ngaihtuah a ti kal thui khawp mai.

Kan khawtl^ng, kan in leh lo enfiah kawngah ṭanpui ngai leh puih ngai kan awm anih phawt chuan, Mizo Geologist-te awmkh^wmna- Geological Society of Mizo-ram (GSM) te biakr^wn theih reng kan ni.

- Dr. Laldinpuia

Gen. Secretary, GSM,

PUC: 9862399478