India ram kil tin aṭangin Gorkha mi leh sate hian India zalenna turin ‘Non-violence’ zawngin emaw ‘Armed Struggle’ zawngin emaw mahni phak tawk tawkah tha leh tui sengin nasa takin ṭan an lo la a ni. India ram zalen theihna tura helna mei det a nih khan British Gorkha sipaite rilruah phurna nasa tak a lo thleng a. Kum 1857-a Sepoy Mutiny hunlai khan Fujiliers (Britishers) leh Nasiri Regiment (Gorkhas) te chauh Shimla hmunah an awm tih a ni a. He Regiment pahnihte hi Mutiny nuai bo turin Delhi-ah koh thlak an ni a. Gorkha sipaite lah chuan Mutiny nuai bo ahnekin, British lakah an hel ta zawk a. Hemi avang hian Nasiri Regiment chu disbanded a ni.
Dal Bahadur Giri, Darjeeling khua leh tui, Gandhi-a thurin nunpuitu a han thih meuh chuan Gandhi-a paw’n “loss of nation” a ti a ni. Kum 1907 khan Pritiman Thapa’n British sipai-a Gorkhate an hna aṭanga bang a, Freedom Struggle zem turin nasa takin a lo fuih a ni. Chabilal Upadhya-a hi kum 1921 vela Assam rama Indian National Congress Movement ṭantu leh puangzartute zinga mi a ni. Khadka Bahadur Bisth (Shimla) leh Mahabir Giri (Darjeeling) te hi ‘Dandi March’ neih ṭuma mi 79 zingah an tel ve a ni. Khadka Bahadur Bisth-a phei chu a hnuah kahhlum a ni.
Bhagat Bir Tamang, Darjeeling khua leh tui hian kum 1921-a Non-Cooperation kum khan Darjeeling thingpui huana thawkte British laka hel turin nasa takin a fuih a ni. Vawi tam tak lung inah tang a, August, 1923 khan dam chhung lung in tang turin a chungthu rel a ni. Kum 1924 January khan Darjeeling District Jail-ah a thi.
India rama Gorkha-te chu ‘August Kranti of 1942’ (Quit India Movement)-a an inhman avangin lung in tantir an ni. Benaras lam aṭangin Dilram Regmi, Man Mohan Adhikari, Gopal Prasad Upadhya, Surya Bikram Gawali leh midangte.
Assam aṭangin Kumud Chandra Sharma, Jai Narayan Upadhya, Debi Prasad Sharma, Dharmanand Upadya, Nityanand Timsina, Padam Prasad Dhungel, Jai narayan, Balbhadra Budathoki, Balbhadra Chhetri, Bishnulal Upadya, Ramlal Upadhya (A ro chhuhsak a ni), Prasad Upadhya.
Darjeeling aṭangin Narbir lama, Jangbir Sapkota, Darjeeling Partiman Singh Lama, Putali Maya Tamang, Harish Chhetri, Bhimlal Upadhya (an vuak naah a dam chhungin a zen phah).
Indian National Congress (INC)-ah pawh Gorkha-te inpekna a nasa hle. Gandhi-a kohna angin ‘Non-Cooperation Movement’-ah heng mite Doars aṭangin Kaikim Singh Rai, Gujarat aṭangin Ritha Singh, Lal Singh, Dhanpati, Hukum Singh leh midangte chuan harsatna chi tinreng paltlangin hma an lo la a ni.
‘Civil Disobedience Movement,’ 1930 tum khan heng mite hi lung inah tantir an ni bawk, Amar Singh Thapa, Dehradun (kum hnih leh thla thum), Iswarananda Gorkha, Dehradun (thlaruk), Dalbir Lohare, Assam (kum khat), Thakur Prasad Kumar, Darjeeling.
GORKHA LEH INDIAN NATIONAL ARMY (I.N.A.)
Subash Chandra Bose-a kaihhruai Indian National Army (I.N.A.)-ah Gorkha mi leh sa ranks hran ran neiin ahmei apate an awm. Tam takte chu martyr-in an thi a, tam tak chu Independence hma zawngin lung ina tantir an ni.
1.	Maj. Durga Malla S/o Ganga Ram Malla: Kum 1913-ah Dehradun, Uttaranchal-ah a piang, Pawlkaw zirlai chauh a nihin ‘Salt Satyagraha 1930’ khan a lo inhmang tawh a ni. Amah hi 2/1 Gorkha Rifles-ah Havildar niin 1942-ah INA, Singapore-ah a zawm a, Intelligence Officer-a ruat a ni. British laka hel INA zinga martyr hmasa ber a ni. 25th August 1944 khan Delhi District Jail-ah khaihlum a ni.
2.	Capt. Dal Bahadur Thapa S/o Santa Bir Thapa: Kum 1907-ah Kangra, Himachal Pradesh-ah a piang. 2/1 Gorkha Rifles-ah Havilda a ni. 1942-ah I.N.A. a zawmin 1944 khan ‘Bhadur Group Guerilla Force’ commander-a ruat a ni. 3rd May, 1945 khan Delhi District Jail-ah vek khaihlum a ni.
3.	Dhan Bahadur Gurung: Dehradun, Uttaranchal-ah piangin 2/2 Garhwal Rifles-ah sipai a ni. Kum 1942 khan naik niin I.N.A. 2nd Guerilla Regiment a zawma indonaah a thi.
4.	Gopal Singh Sahi S/o Gambir Sahi: Dharamsala, Himachal Pradesh-ah a piang. 2/1 Gorkha Rifles-ah NCO a ni. 1942-ah I.N.A. zawmin Re-enforcement Group-ah S.O. a ni. May 1944 khan kum 25 mi lek a nihin indonaah Burma-ah a thi.
5.	Shital Bahadur: Gorkha Rifles-a sipai a ni. I.N.A. Malaysia-ah zawmin ‘First Bahadur Group’-ah Havildar-a ruat a ni. British sipai an do laiin August, 1944 khan Ramakori, Burma-ah a thi.
6.	Sukhman Ram Gurung S/o Dil Bahadur Gurung: Burma Frontier Force sipai a ni. First Bahadur Group, I.N.A.-ah Lance Naik niin Burma-ah a thi.
7.	Mohan Singh Thapa: 2/1 Gorkha Rifles-ah Havildar Clert a ni. I.N.A. Malaysia-ah zawmin ‘First Bahadur Group’-ah S.O. hna a chelh. British sipai an do lain Burma-ah thah a ni.
8.	Bhagat Bahadur: 2/9 Gorkha Regiment sipai a ni. ‘First Bahadur Group’, I.N.A. zawmin indonaah a thi.
9.	Manilal Gurung: 2/1 Gorkha Rifles Havildar Clert a ni. Kum 1912-ah I.N.A. zawmin ‘First Bahadur Group’-ah S.O. niin indonaah a thi.
10.	Dhan Bahadur: 1/3 Gorkha Regiment-ah Havildar a ni. Kum 1942-ah I.N.A. zawmin ‘First Bahadur Group’-ah Havildar a ni. Indonaah a thi.
11.	Kalu Gorkha: I.N.A. Malaysia-ah ‘First Bahadur Group’-ah awmin November, 1943-in indonaah a thi.
12.	Damar Bahadur: Garhwal Rifle sipai a ni. Kum 1942-ah I.N.A.-ah a awm a. ‘First Bahadur Group’-ah Lance Naik niin indonaah a thi.
13.	Ram Bahadur Thapa: Burma Frontier Force-a sipai a ni. Malaysia-ah I.N.A. a zawm. 1944-in Chindwin lui, Burma-ah indonaah a thi.
14.	Kul Bahadur: Burma-ah I.N.A. a zawm a, Body Guard Battalion-ah awmin Burma-ah a thi.
15.	Dhan Bahadur: 2/5 Gorkha Regiment-ah Havildar a ni. Kum 1942-ah I.N.A. zawmin ‘First Bahadur Group’-ah Havildar a ni. Indonaah a thi.
16.	Kalu Lama: Malaysia-ah I.N.A. zawmin Training Center-ah S.O. a ni. 31st December, 1943-in Burma-ah a thi.
17.	Kumraj Gorkha: Malaysia-ah I.N.A. a zawm. First Bahadur Group-ah Naik niin Burma-ah a thi.
18.	Gian Bahadur Lama: Malaysia-ah I.N.A. zawmin Training Camp No. 3-ah Lance Naik a ni. British sipai an donaah 11th February, 1945-in Burma-ah a thi.
19.	Mahan Singh Gorkha: 2/1 Gorkha Rifles sipai a ni. Malaysia-ah I.N.A. zawmin Havildar hna a chelh. April 1944 khan Burma-ah a thi.
20.	Prem Bahadur: Indian Army Medical corps-a Lance Naik a ni. Malaysia-ah I.N.A. zawmin Field Hospital-ah Havildar a ni. July, 1944-in Kandak, Burma-ah a thi.
21.	Man Bahadur Thapa: Kangra, Himachal Pradesh-ah piangin Gorkha Rifles-ah Naik a ni. 1942-in Singapore-ah I.N.A. a zawm. First Bahadur Group-a a awm laiin a thi.
22.	Shyam Bahadur Pradhan: Dharamsala, Kangra, U.P.-a piang a ni. Malaysia-ah I.N.A. zawmin Captain a ni. Indonaah a thi.
23.	Bahadur Singh: Almora, Uttaranchal-a piangin 2/9 Gorkha regiment sipai a ni. I.N.A.-ah Lance Naik niin indonaah a thi.
24.	Sher Bahadur Bhandari: Dehradun, Uttaranchal-ah piangin 2/9 Gorkha Regiment-a Havildar a ni. Malaysia-ah I.N.A. zawmin Captain a ni. 1944-in Burma-ah a thi.
25.	Bhawan Singh: 2/9 Gorkha Regiment-ah Havildar Clerk a ni. 1942-ah I.N.A. zawmin First Bahadur Group-ah Second Lieutenant a ni. British sipaite an donaah Burma-ah a thi.
26.	Bhim Singh: 2/1 Gorkha Regiment-a Lance Naik a ni. Kum 1942-in I.N.A. a zawm a, Intelligence Group-ah Second Lieutenant niin indonaah a thi.
27.	Bhopal Singh Gorkha: 2/5 Gorkha Rifles sipai a ni. 1942-in I.N.A. a zawm a, Intelligence Group-ah officer hna chelhin indonaah a thi.
28.	Capt. Bhim Singh Thapa: Almora, Uttaranchal-a piang a ni. Malaysia-ah I.N.A. zawmin indonaah a thi.
29.	Bhim Singh Thapa: 1/3 Gorkha Rifles-ah Jamadar a ni. 1942-in I.N.A. a zawm a, First Bahadur Group-ah Captain a ni. Indonaah a thi.
30.	Kumraj Thapa: 2/1 Garhwal Rifles-ah Havildar a ni. I.N.A.-a First Bahadur Group zawmin indonaah a thi.
31.	Bhim Singh Thapa: 1/3 Almora, Uttaranchal-ah piangin Indian Army-ah sipai a ni. Kum 1943-in Malaysia-ah I.N.A. a zawm. First Bahadur Group-ah Captain niin indonaah a thi.
32.	Sahid Ganga Ram Thapa: Bhagsu, Himachal Pradesh khua leh tui a ni. I.N.A. sipai-ah ṭangin indonaah a thi.
33.	Gopal Malla: 2/9 Gorkha Rifles-ah Havildar Clerk a ni. I.N.A. zawmin Third Training Camp-ah Lieutenant a ni. Burma-ah ral lakah a thi.
34.	Man Singh: 2/1 Gorkha Rifles sipai a ni. 1942 kumin I.N.A. a zawm a. First Bahadur Group-ah Havildar a ni. Burma-ah a thi.
35.	Gore Khan Gorkha: 2/9 Gorkha Rifles-ah Havildar a ni. I.N.A.-ah lutin Third Training Centre-ah Havildar a ni. Indonaah a thi.
36.	Govind Singh: 3/18 Gorkha Rifles-ah sipai a ni. Germany-ah I.N.A. a zawm a, ral lakah a thi.
37.	Bhim Singh Rana: Garhwal Rifles-a Jamadar a ni. 1942 kumin I.N.A. a zawm a. First Bahadur Group-ah Lieutenant a ni. Mandalay, Burma-ah a thi.
38.	Bikram Rai: Indian Army-ah sipai a ni. I.N.A. First Bahadur Group zawmin indonaah a thi.
A chunga martyr tate bakah tam tak chu lungin hran hrana tantir an ni a. An hming kan tarlan theihte chu:
1.	Krishna Bahadur Sunar (Darjeeling): Thla ruk chhung jail-a tantir a nih hnuin a hna aṭanga ban a ni.
2.	Gopal Singh Rana (Dehradun): I.N.A.-ah Lieutenant a ni. Multan Jail-ah tantir a ni.
3.	Digbir Singh Ramu Damu (Darjeeling): I.N.A.-ah Lieutenant niin Rangoon, Chatgaon, Multan leh Atak Jail-ah te tantir a ni.
4.	Tej Bahadur Thapa (Dehradun): I.N.A.-a Field Propaganda Unit-ah sipai a ni. Multan jail-ah tantir a ni.
5.	Tej Bahadur Subba, 2/5 G.R. (Darjeeling): I.N.A.-ah Second Lieutenant a ni. Ani hi Black Listed niin Multan Jail-ah tantir a ni.
6.	Durba Singh Thapa (Dehradun): 2/2 Gorkha Rifles-a mi a ni. First Bahadur Group B-Company-a S.O. a ni. Multan Jail-a tantir a ni.
7.	Paras Ram Thapa (Dehradun): I.N.A.-ah Major niin Gorkha Training Centre-ah Officer incharge a ni. 1945 khan man a ni a, Red Fort, Delhi-ah tantir a ni.
8.	Bir Singh Khatri (Dehradun): Guerilla Regiment A-Company-ah Company Commander a ni. Thla 11 chhung lung in tantir a ni.
9.	Tej Bahadur Thapa (Dehradun): First Bahadur Group-ah Havildar niin Multan Jail-ah tantir a ni.
10.	Bir Bahadur Gurung, 2/8 G.R. (Dehradun): I.N.A.-a First Bahadur Group-a mi niin jail-ah tantir a ni.
11.	Bisan Singh Khatri, 2/9 G.R. (Dehradun): I.N.A.-ah Sub-Officer a ni. Red Fort, Delhi-ah tantir a ni.
12.	Bisan Singh Rana, 2/9 G.R. (Abotabad, Pakistan): I.N.A.-a Training Camp No. 4-ah Adjutant a ni. Kambey, Rangoon leh Multan Jail-ah dah a ni.
13.	Buddhiman (Dehradun): First Heavy Artilery Regiment-ah sipai a ni. 1945-ah man niin Nashik Jail-ah dah a ni.
14.	Bhagwan Singh Thapa, 2/2 G.R. (Dehradun): I.N.A.-ah Sub-Officer a ni. Rangoon leh Multan Jail-ah dah a ni.
15.	Man Bahadur Rana, 2/2 G.R. (Dehradun): Officer Training School-ah Chief Instructor a ni. Changi, Red Fort leh Multan Jail-ah tantir a ni.
16.	Ratan Singh Lama, 2/2 G.R. (Dehradun): I.N.A. Re-enforcement Group-ah Second Lieutenant a ni. Multan Jail-ah dah a ni.
17.	Ram Singh Gurung, 1/3 G.R. (Pitthauragarh, Uttaranchal): I.N.A.-a Subash Brigade-ah sipai a ni. Red Fort (Solitary Cell)-ah dah a ni.
18.	Lachman Limbu, 2/1 G.R. (Kweta, Pakistan): I.N.A.-in British Allied Force hnen aṭangin an chhuh- tank driver a ni.
19.	Lal Bahadur Basnet, 2/9 G.R. (Darjeeling): Nehru Guerilla Regiment-a Intelligent Department-a thawk ṭhin a ni. Multan Jail-a tantir a ni.
20.	Shyam Singh Sahi (Dehradun): I.N.A.-a Re-enforcement Group-a Sub-Inspector a ni. Multan Jail-a dah a ni.
21.	Shiva Singh Thapa, 1/3 G.R. (Almora, Uttaranchal): Subash Brigade Group-a First Bahadur Group-ah Intelligence Officer a ni. Multan Jail-ah tantir a ni.
22.	Sher Bahadur Ale (Dehradun): I.N.A. Band Party-a mi a ni. Multan Jail-a dah a ni.
23.	Hari Prasad (Dehradun): I.N.A.-a Second Lieutenant ṭhin a ni. Taipei No. 2 Guerilla Regiment Group-a duty ṭhin a ni. Multan Jail-a dah a ni.
24.	Hira Singh Khaktri, 2/9 G.R. (Dehradun): I.N.A. First Bahadur Group Intelligence Department-ah Special Captain a ni. Multan Jail-a tantir a ni.
25.	Josiyar Singh Karki, 2/9 G.R. (Dehradun): I.N.A. Re-enforcement Group-ah Sub-Inspector a ni. Red Fort, Solitary Cell-ah dah a ni.
26.	Ruma Singh Thakuri (Bhagsu, H.P.): 2/1 G.R.-ah V.C.O. a ni. I.N.A.-a Gorkha Commander pawimawh tak niin Recruiting Centre hotupa a ni bawk. Lahore Jail-a dah a ni.
27.	Dilman Sing Thapa: I.N.A.-a Gorkha Commander a ni.
I.N.A. hian ṭhalai rualte tan bik pawl a din a, chu chu ‘Baisang’ emaw ‘Janbaj Dal’ tih a ni. Hei hi Suicide Squad a ni. Indreni Thapa leh Sabitri Thapa te ṭhian dun hian British tank hnuaiah bawkin ‘human bomb’ inchil puahtirin an martyr a ni. He thil thleng hi Metaji paw’n a mit ngeiin a hmu. Amaherawhchu, Gorkha-te inpekna hi History aṭanga nuai bo a ni.
I.N.A. hian Radio Station, Singapore, Saigon (Indo-China border) leh Rangoon-ahte chanchin puanzar tumna a nei a. Heng station hrang hrangahte hian Gorkha-te chu chanchin puan hna thawk tura ruat an ni. Hei vang hian Gorkha-te chuan tharum chauh ni lovin an awte pawh independence sualna'n an lo hlan a ni tih a hriat theih. Henga langsarzualte chu – Darjeeling aṭangin Bhim Bahadur Khadka leh Samser Singh Bandari, Himachal Pradesh aṭangin Dilip Sing Rana, Gopal Singh Thapa, Shyam Singh Rana leh Khadka Bahadur Thakur te an ni.
Capt. Ram Singh Thakuri Jana Gana Mana (National Anthem) tune siamtu leh hnam hla hrang hrang phuahtu chu I.N.A. Musical Director a ni. Hei vang hian India-in zalenna a sual laia Gorkha-te inpekna hi a thupa thup bo rual a ni lo.
India ram Gorkha sipaite hian ram chhan nan theihtawp an lo chhuah a, ṭhenkhat phei chuan an nunna hlu takte an lo hlan a ni. Major Dhan Singh Thapa kum 1962 Ladakh indonaah a chet ṭhat em avangin PARAM VIR CHAKRA hlan a ni. Brig. Sher Jung Thapa (1948), Rfmn. Pati Ram Gurung (1971), L.Nk. Ram Bahadur Gurung (1961), L.Hav. Ram Prasad Gurung (1948), RFmn. Dil Bahadur Chhetri (1971), Capt. Kapil Singh Thapa (1965), Sub. Tika Bahadur Thapa (1965), Nk. Mahabir Thapa (1961), L.Naik. Rabilal Thapa (1948), Hav, Bir Bahadur Pun (1971)-te chuan an huaisenzia indonaah an lantir avangin MAHAVIR CHAKRA hlan an ni. Kargil indonaah a chet ṭhat avangin Col. Lalit Rai, 11 G.R. chu VIR CHAKRA hlan a ni bawk. Tin, Gorkha sipai tam takte chu Kargil indonaah pawh an martyr a ni. An hming kan tarlan theihte chu:
1.	Hav. Man Bahadur Rai
2.	Rfmn. Lincoln Pradhan
3.	Sepoy Suresh Chhetri
4.	Virendra Thapa
5.	Hav. Tan Bahadur Chhetri
6.	Nk. Megh Gurung
7.	Rfmn. Arun Kumar Rai
8.	Sepoy R.K. Pradhan
9.	Sepoy Sanjay Gurung
10.	Rifleman Ramesh Thapa
11.	Sanjay Chhetri (L) (Ashok Chakra)
Tin, tun hnaiah Sanjog Chhetri, Sikkim khua leh tui (Paratroopers, Para Special Forces) chu ASHOKA CHAKRA (Highest Peace Time Gallentry Award) leh Sub. Dil Bahadur Thapa chu KIRTI CHAKRA hlan an ni. Anni hi ‘Operation Sarp Vinash,’ Surankote, Jammu and Kashmir-a an chet ṭhat vanga hlan an ni.
WE SALUTE YOU
O! BRAVE SONS OF INDIA
Reference: The Gorkhas of Mizoram Vol-I
By I.K. Subba

﻿﻿By I.K. Subba

Role of Gorkhas in the Indian Freedom Movement (1857 -1947)

Sri Lanka hi thliarkar mawi tak, khualzinte hip em em a ni. Mihring maktaduai 22 vel an cheng. A rama cheng tam ber hi Sinhala hnam an ni a, zaah 75 vel an ni. Tamil hnam hi zaah 15 vel leh hnam tenau dang zaah 10 vel an awm ve bawk. South Asia-ah chuan zirna leh hriselna kawnga hmasawn ber a ni. Sri Lanka ramin ei leh bar, sum leh paia chhiatna rapthlak tak a hmachhawn mek dan hi tawi tein sawi kan tum a ni.
Sri Lanka ram buaina leh harsatna hi a namen lo. Kum 2021 April khan Sri Lanka sawrkar chuan ei-sum dinhmuna harsatna namenlo a tawh thu a puang a. Ei leh bara harsatna tawpkhawk ‘Food Emergency’ pawh August 2021 khan a puang a ni. Kumin June thla khan Sri Lanka economy chu a tlakchhiat (collapse) tak thu sawrkar chuan a puang leh bawk. Ram dang aṭangin tuialhthei leh nitin mamawh dang leina tur sum tihtham a nei tawh lo a ni.
Sawrkar sum hmuh a tla hniam a, sawrkar hnathawk hlawh leh ma­mawh zual lei nan sawrkarin pawisa note thar a chhu ringawt tawh a, nitin mamawh leina man a sang chak hle. Zirna in tam takin ‘paper’ an neih loh avangin zirlaite an ekzam thei lova, damdawi mamawh lei tur a awm loh avangin damdawi in tam takah dam lo an enkawl hlei thei lo. ‘Life-saving drug’ tak ngial pawh lei tur a vang a ni. Damdawi inten hmanraw thar leina an neih loh avangin hmanraw hlui te siamṭhain dam lo enkawl nan an hmang mek a ni.
Sawrkarin kawlpetha a renchem a, April thla aṭang phei kha chuan darkar 15 danah ‘eng’ an in chhit chhawk tawh a ni. Kawlphetha awm mumal lo hi thil siamna lamin a tuar a, bungraw thawnchhuah tur siamna lamin an tuar zual. Eirawngbawlna gas leh tuialhthei lam chi a vang a, tuialhthei leh gas changin mipui an intlar ṭhup reng a, buaina a chhuah loh nan sipaiten an veng hial a ni.
Mipui mangang ‘politic’ a piang
Hun rei tak chhung ei leh bar leh nitin mamawh a awm mumal loh avangin mipui an mangang a. March thlatir lam khan Colombo khawpui daifemah mi paruk emaw lekin sawrkar laka lungawilohna an lantir a. Zawi zawiin lungawilohna lantirtu an pung zel a, hun reiloteah khawpui leh thingtlang hmun hrang hrangah a ṭaidarh a. Lungawilohna lantirtute hian an President Gotabaya Rajapaksa chu bang se an duh ber a ni. Thla li chuang lai mipui thinrimin sawrkar dodalna an lantir hnuah, July 9 khan President pisa leh Prime Minister chenna in an luhchilh a. President chu mipui thinrim sosang hmachhawn ngam lovin ram dangah a tlanchhe ta nge nge a ni.
Kum 2009-a Tamil helho tudaitute zinga mi, mipuiin an ngaihsan leh huaisen an tih em em leh beiseina sang tak neia kum 2019-a President atana an thlan tlin tak chu rorel a thiam loh avangin mipui lungawi loten an paih thla ta a ni. Sawrkar laka lungawilohna lantirtute hi mipuiin an thlawp ṭha a, pawl zawng zawngin an thlawp a ni ber. Ram dang sawrkarte pawhin Sri Lanka ram buaina hi an thlir reng a, sawrkar pawh a che na lutuk ngam lo niin a lang.
Sawrkarin leibarulh sen loh a nei
Sri Lanka buai chhan ber pakhat chu leiba tlingkhawm a ngah lutuk a, a rul seng lo hi a ni - sapṭawngin ‘external debt crisis’ an ti. Hetiang dinhmuna ram a awm tawh chuan ṭanpuitu an zawng ruai ṭhin. India ram pawhin kum 1991 khan a lo tawng ve tawh a ni. Kum 2020 khan Sri Lanka ram hian leiba tlingkhawm US dollar tluklehdingawn 56.3 (USD 56.3 billion) lai a nei a. Kum 2021 hian sawrkar leibat hi ram chhung sum leh pai dehchhuah (GDP) aia tam tura ngaih a ni a, zaah 119 lai ni tura chhut a ni. Kum 2022 chhung hian leiba rulh tur USD tluklehdingawn 8.6 lai a nei a. April thla aṭang khan heng leiba te hi rul thei lovin a awm tawh a ni. Financial market aṭanga puk a tam ber a, zaah 47% lai a tling. Financial market aṭanga puk hi a awlsam a, a pung erawh a sang thung; rulh leh pawh a hautak bik. Hei hi an harsat chhan pakhat a ni.
Kum 2019 tawp lam khan Sri Lanka chuan ram dang pawisa tlingkhawm (foreign exchange reserve) US dollar tluklehdingawn 7.6 lai a nei a. Kum 2020-ah Covid-19 hripui lengin khawvel a tuam a. Inkhuahkhirhna chi hrang hrang avangin zin veivak an tlem a, hei hi Sri Lanka economy, a bik takin ‘tourism sector’ in a tuar hle. Hei vang hian ‘foreign exchange reserve’ a tlak hniam phah a ni.
Kum 2022 (March) a lo thlen meuh chuan US dollar tluklehdingawn 1.9 (USD 1.9 billion) chauh a nei tawh a, hei hi ram dang thil mamawh thla khat leina daih tawk vel a ni.
Tunah hian Sri Lanka ram tualchhung politic dinhmun a chhiat avangin sawrkarin sum pukna tur a hmu zo tawh lova. Ram dang pawisa a hmuhna ber khualzin leh thingpuife market-te a tla chhe mek bawk a. Covid-19 hripui leng avangin Sri Lanka mi leh sa, ram danga hnathawkte pawisa thawn let ‘remittance’ pawh nasa takin a tlahniam a. Tualchhung sum dinhmun a chhiat em avangin ram dang company ten Sri Lanka-ah hma thar an lak ngam tak loh avangin ‘Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)’ pawh a kang chat a ni ber tawh. Tun dinhmunah ram dang pawisa an hmuh theihna kawng zawng zawng a ping rih. Sawrkar mumal tak a awm hunah chauh hma thar a lak theih dawn chauh a ni. Kan sawi tak angin ‘tourism industry’ hi Sri Lanka economy innghahna leh ram dang pawisa a hai luhna pawimawh ber pakhat a ni a. Tourism industry atanga sum lut hi GDP atanga chhutin zaah 13/14 lai a tling thin. Kum 2019 Easter Sunday tuka Muslim firfiak pawlten Sri Lanka hmun hrang hranga ‘bomb’ an tihpuah atang khan khualzin tlawhtu an neih tlem phah a. Covid-19 hripui leng avangin khualzin veivak an nei tlem zui bawk. Sri Lanka ram tlawhtu tam ber hi Ukraine leh Russia mite an ni. Ram pahnih te indona hian Sri Lanka ram ‘tourism industry’ a nghawng na hle a ni. Economic Policy dik lo vang a ni Kum 2019 (December) khan Sri Lanka sawrkar chuan chhiah lak dan hmang tam tak tidanglam a. Value Added Tax (VAT) rate zaah 15 ni thin chu zaah 8-ah tihhniam a. VAT pe thei chin tihsan a ni bawk. Company lian atanga chhiah lak thin ‘corporate tax’ pawh zaah 28 atangin zaah 24-ah tihhniam a ni. Sawrkarin chhiah thenkhat titawpin, thenkhat awl an awm thung. Hengte avang hian chhiah petu zat (registered taxpayer) pawh zaah 33 chuang laiin a tlak hniam phah. Kum 2021(April) atangin ‘foreign exchange reserve’ lama harsatna avangin leitha (fertilizer) lak luh sawrkarin a khap a, ‘organic farming-a kal vek tur’ tiin thupek khauh tak mai a chhuah a. Hei hi loneitu ten an tuar hle. Thingpuife leh buh leh bal thar chhuah nasa takin a tlak hniam phah a ni. Chhiah atanga sawrkar sum lak luh a tlak hniam nasat avangin sawrkar sum indaihlohna (fiscal deficit) pawh a sang chak hle. Sawrkarin sum hman tur a nei lova, mipui nunphung nekchep khawpin inrenchemna lam a kalpui a. Mipui mangang leh thinrimin sawrkar laka lunawihlohna an lantir ta a ni. Ram danga bungraw thawn chhuah chi siamna lam (export sector) sawrkarin a ngaihthah a; bungraw lak luh lam an uar thung. Bungraw thawnchhuah (export) aiin lak luh (import) a tam zawk avangin ‘trade deficit’ sang tak an nei a. Ram dang atanga pawisa lut aiin chhuak a tam zawk avangin ram dang pawisa duh tawk hman tur an nei zo lo a. Kum 2016 atanga International Monetary Fund (IMF) in Sri Lanka economy siamthatna tur an ruahmansakte chu hnawlin, China sum pukah an innghat ta zawk a. China atanga awlsam tea sum an puk mai theih thin avangin ramin a mamawh bak sum an puk thin bawk. Hei bakah infrastructure project-ah man tang eitu an tam thei hle a ni. Political corruption vang a ni Kum 2005-2015 chhung Mahinda Rajapaksa chu Sri Lanka ram President a ni a. Kum 2019-ah a nau Gotabaya Rajapaksa chu President-ah thlan tlin a ni ve leh a. An ni unau President-na hnuaiah hian chhungkaw induhsakna hleihluak takin an kalpui a. Mahinda Rajapaksa President term hnihna (2010-15) chhung phei kha chuan an chhungkua mi leh sa 40 chuang zetin sawrkarah dinhmun pawimawh tak tak, cabinet thlengin an chelh a ni. Mipuiin an paih thlak tak President Gotabaya hnuaiah pawh khan an laina hnai Minister paruk lai an awm bawk a; sawrkar budget zaah 75 vel hi an chhungkaw kutah a awm hial a ni. Sawrkar department tam takah an chi leh kuang ten chanvo leh nihna pawimawh tak tak an chelh bawk. An zinga Minister pakhat phei chu sawrkar contract-ah chanvo a hauh ve thin avangin ‘Mr ten percent-a’ tih hial a ni. Sri Lanka harsatna bul ber pakhat chu an ram hruaituten an ram ei leh bar, sum leh paia harsatna an ngaihsak lovin, an vei lo em em hi a ni. Kum 2009 helhote tudaia remna leh muanna an neih atang khan tih tak zetin ram hruaitute hma an la lo va. Hei hi Sri Lanka ram hian a tuar ta a ni. An ram mi thiam ten sawrkar policy dik lo leh fel tawk lo an sawi te an bengkhawn tha duh lova; tin, policy tha tak an duan te ngaihsak lovin, ram tana tul lem lo, pawimawh lo zawkah an ram hruaituten an hun an hmang tam zawk niin a lang. Ram dang pawisa an puk khawm te hmasawnna ruhrel tha din nan hmang lovin, mamawh tlachawp lei nan leh mipui lawm zawng thil satliah atan an hmang a. Hei hi ram hmasawnnain a tuar hle. An lawngchawlhna hmun ngei te pawh China enkawlturin an dah a. China atangin sum an puk a, China-in a enkawl sak a, neitu chanvo hial an pe a ni. Kum 20 dawn ram hruaitu tha an neih loh avangin Sri Lanka economy chu hmelma te tichhiat nilovin, amahin a lo tlu chhe zo ta a ni.
- Prof. Vanlalchhawna

- Prof. Vanlalchhawna

ENG VANGIN NGE SRI LANKA RAM A TLAKCHHIAT TAK MAI LE?

Mizo tlangval Jeremy Lalrin­nunga chuan Common­wealth Games 2022 neih zawh takah Kg 67 category mipa weightlifting ah Gold Medal a dawng a, Zofa zawng zawng han ke khaia lawm tur a ni. Jeremy hlawh­tlinna a thlen rual hian lansarh tum an lo lang rual ta ṭhawt ṭhawt a, chutah chuan politician pawh an tel. 
Jeremy hi naupang vannei tak a ni. A naupan laiin "Catch Them Young" prog­ramme Mizoram sorkar hnuaiah an veng lamah Weight­lifting lam zirna a awm hlauh a ni. 
Goverment Complex Veng lamah hian he policy hi kal pui ta lo se Jeremy hi a chak tih pawh kan hre thei kher lo mai thei. Catch Them Young programme kal puitu sorkar chuan Jeremy hlawhtlinnaah hian credit chu an la ve thiang a ni. 
Jeremy kal zelna lam kan thlir a erawh chuan Mizoram sorkar tih ṭhat lam aiin kum 9 mi lek a niha amah la lutu Army Boys Institute, Pune hnuaia Boys Sports Company lam hian a hlawhtlin zelnaah hian mawh an phur lian tawh zawk ang. 
He hmunah hian Mizo ngei mai weightlifting coach Zarzokima a lo awm fuh hlauh a. Kum 2012 aṭang khan Jeremy hi he hmunah hian a awm ta char char a, an ni hian an chawm a, an train bawk avangin he Gold Medal hi Congress leh MNF lama lo sawi luh tum ṭalh chi a ni lo. Catch Them Young bulṭantute hian a talent hai chhuah kawngah chuan chibai chu an phu ve chauh ang. 
Jeremy hian nau­pang te niin Natio­nal Sub Junior Weight­lifting Championship-ah record te a siam a, a kal zel dan chu kan zavaia kan hriat tawh niin World Youth Weightlifting Cham­pionship lamah pahnihna a kum zawnin a rawn ni. 
Kum 2018 khan Youth Olympic Games, Argentina lama neih ah khan pakhatna niin Gold Medal a la ta nge nge a nih kha. 
Jeremy hian, "Kan sorkar chak tak," zar a zo lo kan ti lova, insawitheihna tham tur chuan Army Boys Institute lam aia thawh hlawk an awm dawn lo. A hlawhtlin tawh hnuah Mizoram sorkar hian pawisa ṭhahnem tak a lo pe tawh a, hengte hi chu sorkar tih tur dik tak a ni. 
Jeremy a lo haw a, "Ka chher chhuah" ti niawm taka mi zara hming ṭhat lak lo tum ran, a neitupa ber anga lo insawi luh tum te, a zinkawnga mi pawimawh tam ta lutukte hi chu mihring zia chi khat ve mai a ni e. 
Politician lamin social media lamah thang ṭhat lak an tum te pawh hi an tihawm tawkah ngai ang u. Olympic medal la thei ngei turin Jeremy hi duhsakna kan hlan a ni. Kan politician te pawh lo inti langsar lutuk lo turin duhsakna kan hlan tel che u aw. 
- Maremmawia

Maremmawia

Jeremy hlawhtlinna leh politics

Mu vum thur rawh, ti khan chaw nghei ṭhak khawpin mu rawh tia nu pakhat ang tun tun hi ka hre tawh a. A mak khawp mai, mu thei hrim hrim hi an awm pek, tho fuh lo phei chu an tum bur a, melh ngai an melh reng chuan biak ngam pawh an ni lo.
Hnathawh nei hran lem lo, zan men rei leh zing thawh tlai hi tunlai ṭhalai tam zawkte hri vei a ni. Tunlaiah chuan phone-a thil en leh inbiak neuh neuh tur a tam tawh khawp a, puan hnuaiah pawh an en tlaivar ṭhak thei.
Kan ṭhian, Phone-lawma kha, sa pan thlirthler a ni a, a ṭhu hlek hi a chhing nghal mai zel a, chhun zan zawmin ka mu thei zu ti a! Mut samlam chuan khawi hmunah an lu leh lukham a indeh rual hian a hnar nghal bawrh bawrh thei tlat. 
Chauh vang pawh ni hran lo, mut chhuak ngawih ngawih chang a awm angin mawlhtu awm vang nge ni, mut chhuah miah lo chan a awm fo a, nghate rep angin an meng kar a, mutthilh tum eng ang mah se, an harh tulh tulh emaw tih tur hi a ni - manganthlak tak a ni. 
Ṭhalai lam hi chuan mut an duh a, upa lam tawh hi chu mut an harsat. Kum 50 hnaih dawn hi chuan an tho hma thei khawp mai. Upa lam chu khawvar rual velah an taksa a kham ṭhemṭhum a, an tho a, an tei sek tawh mai a ni. 
Hrisel pangngai hna­thawk mi tan chuan awm mai mai leh mut reng hi inhremna chi khat a ni a, taksa che reng ṭhin an nih avangin khua an zuam lo deuh pawhin an che tho ṭhin. A bik takin kan nu leh pa leh u zawk te hi hna hram thawk ṭhang, che bawrh bawrh ṭhin an nih avangin an upa hnu pawhin che loin an awm thiam tawh lo. ‘Lo awm mai mai rawh’ kan tih hian kan khuahkhirh zawk a, an dinhmun hriat thiam a, an phak ang tawka zalenna siamsak a pawimawh hle. 
Hnathawk mi leh virvat ṭha tan chuan awm mai mai leh mut reng hi hrehawm tak a ni. An thisenin a ṭhan­hnan tawh avangin chet reng an mamawh fo. Amah­erawhchu, hriselna ṭhat vak loh leh upa tawh hnu chuan rilruin hre reng mah se, chaknain a tlin tawh lo. Damlo tan ni khat hi rei tak a ni a, dam hlutzia a tilang thung. Khuahkirhna hnuaia darkar khat mut theih loh pawh hi a rei duh khawp thung. 
Kan hun neih dan leh kan taksa mamawh tawka mut hun bithliah thiam hi a finthlak. Zan mut hma a, zing thawh hma a finthlak ber. Exercise lak (Walk) tam a pawimawh, a hun takah thawk la, mu la, tho hma la, i harhvang reng ang, i thau luah lo bawk ang. 
Dam pangngai reng sia mu tam lutuk hi a tlangpuiin an thatchhe duh a, khua an zuam lovin an ṭuan a fum bawk. Mahni taksa dinhmun mil tawka mut thiam hi a pawimawh a, men rei chang a awm pawhin in duat thiam a ṭha. Hrisellohna avanga mut tam erawh thu hran. 
Tunlai ṭhalai tam zawkte hi a hunin a zir vang nge ni, zan men rei leh zing tho tlai an tam ta hle. Hna pawimawh avanga men rei chu thu hran ni se; chu ti lova phone khawih nan leh thil pawimawh ni loa men rei hian min tichau a, a hrisel lo a ni. Mi ten khawvar rual vela hna an thawh vut vut laiin kan la hnar burh burh chuan kan hmabak a eng lo ngawt ang le. Mahni invawng peih lote hi pa rawn, nu rawn an va’n ni har dawn tak em. 
Mu tam reng reng hi an hrisel ngai vak lo. Thisen sang, lu na, tha na, taksa kham bakah chaw ei a tui mawh a, an rit nulh ṭhin. Chuvangin, mu tam lo la, taima leh harhvang nih tum rawh le. ‘Mu rei suh, miin an thawh khalh ang che.’
- Zalianthanga, Tahan