Mizoram sorkar hmalakna leh hmasawn dan Bihchianna

Mipui te hian kan aiawha roreltu tura kan thlan chhuah te hnen aṭangin beiseina sang tak kan nei ṭhin a, hemi avang pawh hian a niang kan beisei an phak lohnaah te nasa takin kan sawiselin kawng tinrengin demna awka kan chhak chhuak ṭhin a. Tun ṭumah erawh chuan kum kal taa Mizoram hmasawnna atana sorkar hmalak tawhna leh hnathawh te tarlangin sorkar fakna lam hawiin ngaih­tuahna seng ve thung teh ang.

Tute’n emaw Mizoram hi State dangte laka hnufum bik lutuk anga politics a hamṭhatna lak tuma an sawi ṭhin ang hi a lo nih bik lohzia pawh a chiang mai ang.

1. Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP)– Hei hi kum khat chhunga State bil liau liauin bungrua a deh­chhuah leh mihringin kan hnathawh hrang hrang (Goods & Services) pawisa-a a hlut zawng chhut chhuah sawina a ni a, ram pum huap a nih chuan GDP an ti leh mai ṭhin a ni. Ram hmasawn chak leh chakloh (Economic Growth) tehfung pawimawh tak niin, khawvel ram zawng zawng ten tehfung atana kan hman tlanglawn ber a ni a. Amaherawhchu, ram chhungah mimal sumdawng hausa leh mi hausa tawntaw ten ram chhunga an thawh­chhuah hi a tam/ len tham em avangin GDP punna rate sang viau si hian mipui zingah chanhai leh rethei zawkte, thingtlang kilkhawr zawka mihring dinhmun changkan phah (Real Econo­mic Development) lem silo hian a awm ve theih bawk a ni tih kan hriat tel a ṭha awm e.

Chuvangin, GDP chu ram hmasawnna tehfung pawimawh tak niin a pun chak viau (Growth Rate) chuan ram hmasawnna pawh a kal chak ve tial tial a, mahse tehfung duhthusam erawh a ni vek biklo a ni.

NITI Aayog in a chhut danin kum 2008-09 a Mizo­ram GSDP ṭhanna 7.1% chu kum 2010-11 ah chuan 8.6% niin, hei hi India ram pumpui GDP ṭhanna aiin a sang zawk a. Gujarat, Jhar­khand, Tripura leh Mizoram te chu a sang fal zual te an ni.

Kum 2015-16 ah Mizoram GSDP chu 9.18% ah chho lehin kum 2018-19 ah phei chuan 14.82 % ah a chho hial a ni. Hetianga kan GSDP a ṭhan chhoh theih chhan hi sorkarna changtu kan hruaituten theihtawpa an hmalakna rah a ni tih a chiang hle. India ram pumpui nena khaikhin phei chuan Mizoram chu a sang fal em em a ni.

Kum 2008-09 aṭanga Mizoram economy rawn insawhnghet chho zelin kan GSDP pawh a rawn vawrh sang chho ve zela kum 2019-20 ah phei chuan 18.91% laiin a lo ṭhang (growth) chho ta a; hei hi a hmalam kum 10 kal taa Mizoram economy insiam fuh chho laklawh rah chhuah kan ti thei awm e.

2. Ei leh in ṭha khamkhawp lohna (Malnourishment) – Malnourishment awmzia chu naupang kum tlinglo ten chaw leh ei tur ṭha an hmuh loh hian an taksain nasa takin a tuar a, an kum ngaihtuaha cher lutuk te, an rih zawng zang lutuk te, an pianphung leh kawng hrang hranga an taksain an nih ang tur ni phaklo te hi a ni a. Mihring taksain a mamawh ngawih ngawih ei tur hrisel leh thianghlim a hmuh/dawn loh (malnourished) hian natna chi hrang hrangin khawvel hmun hrang hranga naupangte nunna a suat nasa em em a ni.

Khawvel pum huapa Financial Institution lian ber leh innghahna ber ‘Bretton Woods Twins’ an tih mai World Bank leh IMF te hian khawvel ram hrang hranga mipui te hian chaw ṭha leh ei tur thianghlim kan hmuh ṭhat leh ṭhat loh hi ram hmasawn leh hmasawnlo tehfungah an ngai pawimawh em em a. Ei leh in tur hmu ṭhalo ram (Malnourish) ah te chuan ṭanpuina pawh an pe nasa hle nghe nghe bawk a ni.

Kum 2020 khan India ram chu Global Hunger Index Or Malnourishment tehna ah khawvel ram hrang hrang 107 zingah 94-na a ni a, India ram dinhmun a chhe hle a ni. Hetihlai erawh chuan Mizoram chu kum 2008-18 chhunga NITI Aayog-in State hrang hrangte dinhmun a zir chiannaah Mizoram chu Malnourishment tlem ber naah a puang tlat a ni. Mipuiten sorkar duhkhawp lohna hlir kan au chhuah pui lai hian kan sorkar hotu te chuan heti zawng hian hma an lo la nasa ve hle tih kan hriat hi a ṭul hle awm e.

3. Per Capita Income (PCI) – Hemi awmzia chu kum khat chhunga mimal sum lakluh chawhrual tihna mai a ni a. Entirnan – chhungkaw Per Capita Income kan tih chuan kum khat chhunga chhungkaw sum lakluh zawng zawng belhkhawm a chhungkaw member zata sem leh khan chhungkaw member tinte sum lakluh chawhrual a lo lang mai dawn a ni. PCI hi ram economic development tehfung pawimawh leh ṭangkai tak a ni a, PCI a pun/ṭhan chak (Growth Rate) dan azirin ram hmasawn chak leh chakloh nasa takin a hriat theih a ni.

Kum sawm (10) liamta a Mizoram dinhmun leh India ram dinhmun khaikhin chuan kan hruaitute kha sawiselna tamtak karah fakna tur tamtak a lo awmin, an lo thawhrim zia tun hunah hian a takin kan hmu thei ta a. Kum 2018-a Mizoram State Finance zirchianna sorkarin Fifteenth Finance Commissiona a thehluh (Evaluation of State Finance,Mizoram. Submitted to 15th FC) aṭanga a lan danin Mizoram per capita income chu kum 2006-07 ah cheng 28764/- niin, kum 2015-16 ah chuan cheng 106519/- ah lo pung chho in hemi inkar hian kum tin za zelah 15 (15%)-in a pung chho a. India ram pumpui per capita income chu kum 2015-16 ah khan za zelah 7.6 (7.6%) chauh a ni thung a, Mizoram punna rate chu a sang fal hle a ni. Kum 2018-19 ah phei kha chuan Mizoram per capita income chu cheng 168626/- lai niin, kum 2015-16 aṭanga a punna chu za zelah 58.30 (58.30%) lai a lo ni ta a ni. Hetiang taka ram economic development indicators a lo ṭhat chhoh si chuan kan ram hruaitu te hian ram hmasawnna chu an vei ve hle tih chiang takin a hmuh theih a ni.

4. Hnathawktute kum chawhrual (Working Age Group) – Mithiamte chuan ram economy innghahna bul ber chu mihring hnathawk thei chin chu kum 15 – 65 inkarah an dah a. Ram rethei leh hnufual zawkah chuan ei leh bar te, hriselna leh damdawi inenkawlna te a lo harsain hnathawk thei chin mihring (Working Age Group) pawh ram hausa te nena khaikhin chuan a hniam ṭhin hle a ni. Hei vang hian working age group hi ram hmasawn leh hmasawnlo tehfung pawimawh takah hman a lo nita a ni.

India ramah chuan working age group hi kum 2011-12 ah khan za zelah 55.9 (55.9%) niin, kum 2017-18 ah chuan zazelah 49.8 (49.8%) ah a tlahniam a. Hemi awmzia chu India ram economy nasa taka tlahniamin chu chuan thalai za zela 50 (50%) chuangin hnathawh tur nei mumal lovin ram hmasawn zel nan thawhchhuah an nei velo tihna a ni a, dinhmun ṭhalo tak entirtu a lo ni ta a ni. Heti a nihlai hian Mizoramah chuan kum 2008-18 chhung khan working age group-ah za zelah 64.7 (64.7%) lai mai kan awm a, India ram leh ram tam tak nena khaikhin chuan kan sang hle a ni. Hetiang a nih chuan Mizo mipui te hriselna kawngah te, ei leh bar lakna kawngah leh nitina mihringin kan mamawh haichhuah kawngah te India leh ram tamtak aiin kan la ṭha hle tih a entir a. Tin, sorkar hruaitu ten mipuite hriatloh laiin nasa takin hna anlo thawk hle a ni tih a entir bawk.

5. Zir chianna (Research Work)-in a tarlan danin kum 2008-18 chhunga Mizoram economy ṭha taka a lo ṭhan (Growth) theihna chhan chu New Economic Development Policy (NEDP) hnuaia Entrepreneurship Development chak tak leh mumal taka kalpui a nih vang a ni. He programme hnuai aṭang hian mi tamtakin eizawnna bul ṭanin hlawkna nasa tak an tel a, eizawnna mumal neilo ten eizawnna thar neiin, chu chuan Mizoram economy nasa takin a rawn vawrh kang a, tuna sorkarna changlai mek pawh hi NEDP hlawkna teltute zingah a lo ṭang chho ve ta zel a ni. Entrepreneurship Development programme hlawhtling leh tihtakzeta sorkarin a lo kalpui ṭhin avang khan Indian Institute of Management (IIM) Kolkata pawhin Mizoram sorkar hmalak dan chu zir chiangin thawhpui atan a rawn sawm hial a ni.

6. Central sorkarin ram pum huapa Swachh Bharat Mission Or Clean India Mission a kalpui hma daih aṭang tawhin Mizoram sorkar chuan faina kawngah nasa takin hma a lo la tawh a, chumi kal zel chuan vawiin ni thlengin Zoram pum huap mipui-mimirin faina pawimawh zia leh nawm zia kan lo hriain, ngaih pawimawh berah kan lo nei chho ta zel a ni. Mizoram sorkar hmalakna chhuanawm tak chu hriain ziaktu leh chanchinbumi lar tak(eminent journalist) Mr. Sanjoy Hazarika chuan Swachh Bharat Mission hman ṭan (launched) a nih dawn khan Prime Minister Narendra Modi hnenah Mizoram sorkar hmalakna chu entawn tlak a nihzia a lo sawi hial nghe nghe tawh a ni.

7. Kum 2011 chhiarpui (2011 Census) ah khan India ram pumah Mizoram chu mimal inthiarna nei tam/sang ber nihna lo hauh daih tawhin, za zelah 91.9 (91.9%) in inthiarna kan lo nei daih tawh a, India ram pum huap chuan za zelah 46.9 (46.9%) chauhin mimal inthiarna an la nei a ni. Swachh Bharat Mission hi kum 2014-ah chauh puan leh hman ṭan (launched) niin hemi hma kum 2011-ah daih tawh khan Mizoram sorkar chuan Mizoram chu pawn leh hmun remchang laia inthiar awm tawh lohna (Open Defecation Free) turin hma a lo la tawh a, chumi avang chuan tun dinhmunah pawh leh hmun remchang laia inthiar awm tawh miahlohna State ti a puan a lo ni ta a ni. Faina ngaina mi leh a nachang hria ram hruaitu Mizoramin kan nei hi an chhuanawmin fak pawh an phu hle a ni.

8. Mizoram hi India ram kilkhawr Himalaya tlang dung chhaklam Burma ram nena inri ni mah ila, mipui nawlpuiin kan hriatloh leh kan ngaituah ngailoh ramngaw leh nungcha tinrengte tualchai theihna hmun tura sorkarin venhimna uluk tak nena a enkawl hi Central sorkar leh ram dangte entawn leh awh ber te zing a mi a ni a. Tin, lui tuikhuah aṭang ringawt pawhin kawlphetha (Electric Power) 4500 Mega Watts pe chhuak thei tur ram leh lui hnar ṭha tak mai kan nei a, ni chakna hmanga kawlphetha 9090 Mega Watts lai mai siamchhuah theihna hnar kan nei mai te hi state dang leh ram dangte awh ngawih ngawih a ni a. Heng zawng zawng nei thei tura hma latu sorkar te chawimawi an phu takzet zet a ni.

9. Mizoram hian Mau aṭanga eizawnna tling khawp thei turin Mau kan ngah em em mai a. India ram pumpuia mau zawng zawng za zela 14 (14%) hi Mizoram ah a awm a. Tin, Mizoram-a ramhnuai mihring chen lohna zawng zawng zau zawng (Forest Cover) zazela 30 (30%) hi Mau hmun niin, Mau chi hrang hrang 35 lai a awm bawk a ni. Hengte a nih avang hian kan Mau neihsa hmanga kan economy siam ṭhat theihna kawng hi a tam em em a. Kan Mau neihte hi ram pilril taka awm ni mahse a lakkhawm lamah harsatna a awm vakin a rinawm loh a. Zo khaw lama cheng ṭhalai sangtelin a sengkhawm hna an thawk anga, an tan thingtlang lo neih bansana eizawnna kawng thar leh hlawk zawk a lo ni mai dawn a. Chuvangin kan ram chhunga Mau nilo buaipui vak ai chuan awlsam leh mawlte hmanga kan Mau tharchhuah ngei mai buaipuia hman ṭangkai tum hi a fin thlakin a remhriat thlak (Economise) zawk hle niin a lang.

A chunga kan sawi tak zawng zawng khaikhawmna leh Mizoram economy a tak taka hmasawnna rawn thlentirtu chu New Land Use Policy leh New Economic Development Policy (NEDP) ṭangkawpa sorkar hmalakna kha kan ti thei awm e. A bik taka zir bingna (Research Work) neihna reng rengah a hunlaia zirna neih aiin a tlem berah kum 5 tal a liam hnuah zirchianna (Research) an nei chauh ṭhin a ni. Chuvangin sorkarin NLUP leh NEDP a tak taka a kalpui rah chu tun hunah hian a lo lang chho mek zel a. Ram hmasawnna entirtu (Economic Development Indicators) hrang hrang a chunga kan han tarlan takte ṭhan/hmasawn chak zia kan hmuh aṭang khian sorkar Flagship Programme pahnih te hlawhtlinna rawn pho langtute kan ti thei awm e. Chutiang zelin sorkarin tlangram loneitute sawhthing chin a ti riral vak rah pawh zirchianna aṭanga a lan danin loneitute beidawnna leh sorkar laka an rilru nat zia aṭangin a lang chiang em em a ni. Tin, tuna sorkar lai mek thawhrah pawh hi kum engemawzat lo kal leh turah mipui te hian a takin kan la hmu dawn chauh tih i hria ang u.

Lalmuanpuia Zawngte, AIPC Mizoram Chapter