I NAUPANNA TUMA’N NGAINÊP SUH SE

TUN HMA DEUH KHA CHUAN THU LEH HLA han tih kha chuan rilruah pa chalchang tawh lam, an lû pawh kêl samina a bawh var lûk tawh chin hi an lo inlar nghal a. Ṭhalai khûp ruh no zâwkte leh thu leh hla chu thil inchawhmeh lo tak niin a lang a; thupui hlapui han vai a, hla thu un han phuh chhuak ve tur paw’n beisei an ni lo va. Thu leh hla an lo kurpui ve teh mial châng pawhin intithupui fûn an chang mai ṭhin.

Chut iang chu thil kalphung a ni chungin, awih la awih suh la, kan thu leh hla hnukpui inthlunna ber chu ṭhalaite an ni mauh mai le. Hemi chungchangah hian Mizo history hi ka thuhretu a ni.

Kan thu leh hla khawvel hi kan bihchian chuan ṭhalaite khawvel a ni tih theih hialin ṭhalaite hian hum pawimawh an luah a. Kan literature-a ṭhalaite a hnungzangruh pawimawh an nih dan kan hmuh fiah zawk thei nan kum zabi 20-na “Ṭhangtharte Hun”-a kan ṭhan chhoh dan kan thlur bing ang a, kan Pipute Hunlai chu kan kalpah zauh chauh ang.

Kan pipute hla upa ber ber ni a an chhâlah pawh hian ṭhalai naupang zâwkte hniakhnu hmuh tur a awm ve zel a. Titi-a an sawi pakhatah chuan, kan thlahtute Run leh Ṭiau inkara an inkulh laiin ṭum khat chu pa pakhat hian tumpâng a kâp a. Hla nen lo chuan salu láma han tlaivar chi ni hek lo, an zinga val upa pakhat chuan hla neih loh tawpa ai chuan tiin tlawmngaih chhuahin ‘ti hian hla a han phuah a,

“Khata ṭang khan hei hi a lang,

Heta ṭang hianin kha kha a lang.” Chu an hla thar chuan engemaw chen han in-awitlei ve bawk mah se han tlaivarpui tham êm a ni si lo.

An rilruin arbo a zawn mêk lai chuan sa kâptu fanu naupang tê hian tum lâwk rên rûn pawh awm lovin,

“Ka pa’n tumpâng sial a kâp e,

Kan rûnpui a mawi e,” tiin hla chang a han chham chhuak ta reuh a; chu hla zet chu an chai tlaivarpui chiang teh asin, an ti. He titi hi thu tak bawmah kan khung thei lo a nih pawhin hmasang ata tawh kan thu leh hla siamtu pawimawh ber ber chu ṭhalaite an ni tih erawh chu kan pha thei kher lo vang. Kan hla tam ber pawh ṭhalaite phuah a nih loh vek pawhin a phuah chhana tal chu an ni deuh zel si a.

Pipute huna hla lungkuai leh hnuk khawih ber ber pawh kha hmeichhe tleirawl leh nula tuaitir tê tê ir-âwm chhuak a ni fur mai a. Lianchhiari, Saikuti, Laltheri, Darpawngi leh hmeichhe dang engemaw zat kha hmeichhia an nih avanga an thute thu tling lova an lo ngaihsak a nih pawhin, an hla phuahte chauh tal kha chu hla a tling ngang mai.

Pipute hlaah khan, tlar hnih zai a ni emaw, tlar thum zai a ni emaw ṭhalaite khan hnuhma engemaw zat an hnutchhiah a. Chawngchen Zai chi hrang hranga hla kan neihte pawh hi nula tlangvalte phuah chhuah a ni ber a. Pipuite hun leh Ṭhangtharte hun intawhchilhna laia hûvang nei nasa tak Awithangpa, a za tela hla min rochuntu te kha a hla hmasa ber a phuah chuan kum 17 mi awrh niin an sawi a; la ṭhalai zek zawk tak a ni.

Lâm thiama an hrilhfâk kumkhua Hrangchhawni leh a Raicheh Zai pawh kha amah kum 16 mi vel chauh a nihin Zoram Khawvelah a thang hat tawh a. Hun hlui lama kan hla robawma rohlu tak tak: Thailungi, Thanghniangi, Lalchhungi, Thangzawra leh hming lam sen loh tam tak chu ṭhalai lam an ni a.

Pipute hun pêla Zofate kum zabi thara kan kai rualin kan thu leh hla pawhin hma thar a keu ve nghal a ni. Ṭhangtharte huna kan chuan luh hnu hian Mizo thu leh hla hmasawnna leh dam khawchhuahna chu ṭhalaite kova innghat a nihzia a lang fiah lehzual a ni. Tlangval kum 20 mi vela upa M.Suaka leh a ṭhiante’n Mizo hawrawp siamrem hnaa Pu Buanga te ṭhian dun an phungbawm zara ziaka chhinchhiahna kan neih tâkah chuan a hmaa bawkbawvâka kal thin kha kan thopa zuan ta titih a. “Thangtharte’n hla phuah tur an nei ve lo dah ang e,” tia a nung chunga Pi Hmuaki an phum zar kha kan zo chho ta a ni ang a, tih mai turin ṭhalai zawkte thinlung aṭangin thu leh hla a piang zawih zawih a. Anmahni avanga kan literature-ina ram a zauh chak dan chu sawi uar lutuk a har zawk a ni.

Kum zabi 20-na kawngkapui kan chuan luh lai vel kha chuan mi tam tak chuan lehkhathem mai mai pawh Vai dâwi kai palh hlauin an la zuan khum zak zak a. A lehlamah thung chuan ṭhangthar lungfing zualte chu Tuipuiral aṭanga finna tuikhur Zosapte’na an hûn hnaih chu chawiin, mawng hung hman lo lêkin an hmanhlel a.

Kum zabi 20na varṭianah chuan Zosap leh ṭhalai ṭhenkhat an hruai hrâtte chuan Bible leh Kristian hla ṭha tak tak lehlin hna an khawih a. An thinlunga thu leh hla han hrîkthlakna turin “Mizo leh Vai Chanchinbu” chu a chhuak tawh bawk a Mizo ṭhalai engemaw zat chu literature tual zawlah an chuang chhuak zut zut a. Zosapthara’na Mizo kan nihnaa min kaihthawhna hla “Mizo, Lawm teh u” a phuah chu a ṭhuihruai zinga tlangval kum 24 mi Thanga hla phuah, “Mizoram, ka thlahlel hle che,” tih chuan a zui nghal zat a. Kum 1904-a Kristian hla buah chuan Thanga, Vanchhunga leh Dala te sulhnu pawh hla 16 ngawt an khung ve hman hial a ni.

Bible lehlin hna an kalpui chhoh zel laiin kum 1909 chuan kristian lehkhabu rotling “Pathian Lehkhabu Chanchin Thu” tih chu kum 20 pawh la tling lo Challiana chuan Sapṭawng aṭangin a let a. A kum leh lawkah chhim tlangval kum 20 mi awrh Chuautera chuan lehkhabu, hmingthan lama Bible dawttu “The Pilgrims’ Progress” (Kristiana Van Ram Kawng Zawh Thu) John Bunyan-a ziah chu iaiawm loh fahran maiin Zoṭawngin a keuh ve leh ta mai a. An thar rangin an thar hlâwk ngang mai.

Zirna kâwl êng chho mêk leh Kristianna-ina parfung a chawi ṭan mêk laiin zai chi khat, hun hmasa lama pawha thâwm lo nei faih faih tawh “Puma Zai” chuan Zoram chu fûrpui tuilian ang maiin a tuam ta a. Ṭhalaite zinga mahni hnam ziaa lunglenna up beha lo awm tawh chuan a kuang a tawn chhia a. He zai hi kohhran ṭiak tir tan chuan ram sakawlh ni mah se kan thu leh hla-in a chantlun zual phah sauh a ni.

Puma zai ṭhang duang chho zel chu kum 1911-a mautam ṭam chuan a hrêk sâwng ve hret a. Chumi zul chu “Tlanglâm Zai” chuan a zui ve nghal a. Chu zet chu a hu zah pawh a na khawp mai. Hei hian Mizo literary revival a thlen ta hial a. Tlanglam Zai siper hla chu a za telin a lo chhuak a. “Chalmar Zai” te, “Awithangpa Zai” te, “Tlangnuam Zai” te, “Ral run Zai” te chuan hnahpui an chhuang ta hluah mai a ni.

Mizo thalai rual, tlangval 2100 ṭha ṭhelh ṭhawlh Indopui 1-na hunlaia France rama an rammut ṭuma lo chhuak, Tlanglam Zai siper “Ralrun Zai” hi a ropui ka tih pawl tak a ni. Kha indopuiah khan tuipui ral lama an literature pawh a tihausa hle a. “War poets” an tih mai, mi ropui tak tak Rupert Brooke, Robert Graves, Edmund Blunden, William Owen te leh Siegfield Sarson te an lo chhuak khup khup a. Mahse khangho khan, kan ṭhalai kan war poets ve te kha chu hla phuah awlsam lamah chuan an khan lo hial ta ve ang. Ral run zai hi indopui pahnihna-ah pawh a pun belh chho ta zel a ni.

Tlanglam zai-ina a hrin chhuah ve tho pakhat, Zofate tana mel-lung pawimawh tak chu khawthlang lam pum chhuak Pathian hla khauh leh sak tak tak chuan Zopa hrawk a fah zo tak tak lo va, kan hnam ze mila Pathian kan fak ve a hun tih hriatna hi a ni a. He tihvarna hi kan thu leh hla hmel nasa taka khawih danglam zuitu pawh a ni ta reng a. Kum 1919-a thlarau lama harhna tuifawn chuan Mizo Kristian hla thar ṭha tak tak a vawrh chhuak a. He harhpui vawi thumna-ina a tur chhuah Mizo hla tharte chu: Ka ropuina leh ka himna, Lei lal puan ropui chu a tlawm ang tih leh Rinin thlir thiam ila tih te a ni a. He’ng hla phuahtute hi kum 30 hnuai lam ṭhah an ni a; CZ Huala leh RL Kamlala phei hi chu kum 20 awrh chauha upa an ni awm e.

Kristian hla thar lo chhuah lai hian Khiangte tlangval, Calcutta-a lehkha zir Hrawva chuan hlahril (poetry) phuah lamah hma a lo ṭan ve mek a ni. Chanchinbu hrang hrangah thu tluang pangngai (prose) ziah an intihhmuh mek bawk a. Mizo ṭhalai Vanchhunga te, Liangkhaia te, Challiana te hovin hriat an hlawh zel a. Ch. Pasena te, Lalkailuia Sailo te, Chawngzika te hovin lemchan thawnthu phuah an ching chho va; a bu erawh chuan an chhuah ta hlawm lem lo a ni awm e.

Kum 1920 leh ‘30 chhung hian a hma lama lo chhuak tawh Kaihlek Hla chuan a vanglai hun a tawng chho a. He’ng kaihlek hla (parody) hian Mizo literature a tichangtlung nasa hle a; a tam ber chu thalai kutchhuak a ni nghe nghe a ni.

Kaihlek hla hrûlah hian Sap hla thlûk rinchhana phuah Mizo lengzêm hla chu kum 1925-26 velah chuan phai lama lehkha zir Durra Chawngthu te, Vankhama te, Lalzuithanga te hovin an phuah chhuak a. He’ng mite kawng sah sa-ah hian a hnu deuhah Fam Lalzova te’n zawhin, hming chher nan teh an rawn hmang zui a. Mizo lengzem hla, a thu leh a thlûk pawh Mizo pa phuah ngei chu Lalzuithanga, Sialsuk Laltanpuia te, Vankhama te leh PS Chawngthu te’n an han chîng chhuak zel a, chu’ngte chu kan literature-a “lunghlu sen mi” tih tlak hialte a ni hlawm.

Kum 1936 a lo thlen chuan Mizo novel pawhin hmel a rawn lan ve nghal a. Zirlai pakhat kum 20 pawh la tling lo L. Biakliana chuan, “Hawilopari” leh “Lali” thawnthute a han phuah ṭan a. A hnu chu Kaphleia te, C. Thuamluaia te, Lalzuithanga te leh Zairema te hovin an dâwl chho va. Chu’ng an kutchhuakte chu vawiin thleng pawha la uanpui tlak khawpa belhchian dâwl a ni hlawm.

Tlawmngai pawl YLA (tuna YMA) an han din a. Chu chuan kawng chi hrang hrangah ṭhalaite a fuih harh a. Rokunga te leh kan mi hmasa ṭhenkhat chuan Kohhran pal nêk si lo, hla pawisawi lo tak tak, ram leh hnam hmangaihna hla leh ṭhalaite fuihna lam hla te phuah chhuakin, ṭhalaite zai khatah min luantirin, raltiang ram min thlirtir a. A hla phuahte chuan YMA chu a chhêm alh nasa hle a, chutih rual chuan kan thu leh hla khaw hawi pawh a zauh zel a ni. YMA- ina YLA thubelh, Kristian Tlangau bu-a an chhuah thin chu tawngkhawp lovin a hranpain chanchinbu an chhuah ve ta a. Vawiin thleng hian kan thu leh hla tihausatu pakhat chu a la ni zel a ni.

YLA din hnu hian LSA (MZP) chu zirlai rualin an han din a. Mizo literature hmasawnna atana thapui thawhtu a ni a. Literature journal angreng “MZP Chanchinbu”-ah chuan 1938 lama tlangval Kaphleia te’na “Thlirtu” tih thupui hmang tea an lo chin chhuah “essay” ziah lam chu a invawrh chho zel a. Mi thiam tak takin an awrawl chhuahna dawhsân atan an hmang ṭangkai hle a. Hetah hian kan mi thiam tak tak Zikpuii pa te, C Ṭhuamluaia te, Thanpuii pa te, Lalhmuaka, Dengchhuana, R.Zuala, Sangliana, James Lianmawia te leh Lalhmingliana saiawi te chuan inhrîk thlak nan an hmang nasa hle.

Hetih hunlai vel hi kum 1940 chho vel a ni a; politics hla chhuah hnem vanglai nen a innang zui awm e. MZP hian thu leh hla hmasawnna turin rahbi a tuk chho zel a kum 1960-ah phei chuan “Hla Kûtpui” a buatsaih a, thu leh hlaa kan mi un leh hlun tak tak sâwmin chu kût chu hman a ni a. Zawngchhang tlaka an ngaih avangin ṭum thum ngawt an huaihawt ta a. Tlai khawhnu-ah Mizo Writers’ Assn. chuan he kût hi “Thu leh Hla Kûtpui” tih hming chawiin tun thlengin vawi engemaw zat a tharthawh a, an buatsaih zui zel a ni. Khatih hunlai zirlai pawlte kha an lo fakawm ngawt mai. An ṭhahnem ngaihna rah kha tun thleng hian hmuh tur a la awm a ni.

Kum 1950-60 chhovah te chuan ṭhangthar thu thiam tak tak an lo pung cho zel a. Mizo drama puitling, a bua chhuah hmasa ber “Sangi Inleng” Lalthangfala phuah te a lo chhuak a, Lalhmuaka te lemchan thawnthu buin a rawn thlâwp nghal a; hetih lai hian Mizo fiction hian par a chhuang nasa hle a. Zoram buai hma leh buai hnu (pre & post insurgency) thu leh hla lama kan arsi êng tak tak J.F Laldailova te hovin kan literature tualah hmêl an rawn lan chho va. Literary criticism-ah te, ṭhangtharho kaiharhin Shakespeare-a te ang miril thu leh hlate ngainat a zirtir a. English literature zêm zena thu leh hla ṭha ber ber mi a hlui khan kan khawhawi a tizau hle a.

A hniakhnung zuitu pawh engemaw zat a chher a ni. Khatih hun lai vel boruak kha Vanneihtluanga chuan heti hian a ziak a: “.. ṭhalaite thinlunga puakruk phawiran châktirtu leh chengrang chawia ram mut châktirtu lian tak chu Lalsangliana leh James Lianmawia te western cowboy thawnthu lehlin kha a ni a..... pastor malsawm bân phar phâk piah lama zu hmun thlenga Mizo Bible min keutirtu chu eng dang ni lovin JF Laldailova bible faksêlna bute kha an ni bawk ang. College course piah lama thu ziak mawina lama thangthar lehzualte mit tikeutu langsar tak chu Academy of Letters tih lam aiin PL Liandinga leh a Sherlock Holmes thawnthute kha a ni ngei bawk ang.” tiin.

Thu leh hlaa hma kan sawn zel theih nan thawktu pawl hrang hrang: Mizo Academy Of Letters te, Mizo Literary Society te, Mizo Writers’ Association te an han din sap sap a. Chanchinbu lamah pawh kan changtlung chhovin, hma kan sâwn chak hle a. Mizo Academy Of Letters in-a awka bera a neih “Thu leh Hla” journal te chu ṭha viau mah se, mumalin a kal chho hlei thei lo va. Sorkar lamina a chhuah “Zoram Eng” ( “Meichher” ni zui ta) te chu thu leh hlaah a hausa hle a. Tuna kan Mizo ṭawng zirlaibu-a thu tam ber hi he chanchinbu aṭanga an châwkchhuah a ni tlangpui. “Zoram Thupuan” te hlei hlei khan mi thiam chu a cho chhuak hnem hman a ni.

Kum 1970-80 chhovah chuan pawl hrang hrang leh sorkar department lam te’n essay inziahsiak te, hla inphuahsiak tih angreng te chu a ram pum huapa buatsaih an intihhmuh a. Lehkhabu chhuak pawh a pung ve sawt viau mai. Kum 1990 a inherchhuah dawnah phei chuan mipui mimir, a bik takin ṭhalaite zingah thu leh hlaa harh chhuahna rûnpui a lo thleng a. Information technology leh khawl thila hmasawnna nasa zarah chuan lehkhabu chhiar tur leh a chhiartu chu kum 1980 chawhma lam thlep hnawkin an pung a. Thu leh hlaa tuimi infuankhawm pawl engemaw zat: Young Writers’ Club, ZOPPEN Club, Laisuih Tuahrem Pawl, Hawilopar Literature Youth Club leh a dangte a ding ta tluar tlaur a. Chutih rual chuan literary journal ang chi ṭha leh changkang tak tak a chhuak sup sup mai bawk a. College lamah pawh Mizo ṭawng chu “major subject”-ah lâk theihin a awm hnu lawkah, “master degree” thleng pawha zir theih a lo ni leh ta zel a; kan ṭhan dan hi a namai lo hle.

Thu leh hla lama kei ngiang ka inhman ve tirh pawh khan ka naupang fâl nalh mai a. Thu leh hla chungchang inhmuh khawma ka tel ve chang pawh khan pa phanchang tak tak kara kimki dâkin ka dâk ve dâk dâk ngam chauh ṭhin kha a ni a; mal ka inti ṭhin hle. Tunah erawh chuan kum lama la naupang ve tak tak thuziak chanchinbu-ah ka hmu âwl tawh lo va, kum 20 bawr lek leka upain lehkhabu an chhuah ta chuah chuah mai a. Thu leh hla lama inpawl khawmna hmunah pawh nula leh tlangval la hawklak rual âwm tê tê an kat ve ta nak nak mai a; hmuhnawm ka va ti em!