CENTRAL SCHEME MGNREGS LEH MIZORAM

Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS) kan sawi a, mi ṭhenkhat rilrua lo lang tur chu, Chhhungkaw pocket money hmuhna emaw, awlsam taka pawisa lakluhna emaw, a thlawna pawisa hmuhna tihte a ni awm e. MGNREGS hi central sawrkar hian ruahmanna felfai tak nen India ram district hrang hrangah a kalpui a ni. Hun eng emaw chhung kha chu India ram thingtlangah mi tam tak rethei leh hnathawh tur nei lo an tam em em a; retheihna tikiama thingtlang mite’n hma an lo sawn ve theih nan sawrkar laipui chuan, National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA) kum 2005 khan a lo din a, kum 2009-ah Mahatma Gandhi NREGA tia thlak a lo ni ta a ni.

MGNREGS scheme in a tum ber chu thingtlanga cheng hnathawh tur nei lo leh miretheite tan, ni 100 inhlawhna tur siamsaka harsatna sutkiansak a ni. Kum tin ni 100 inhlawhna hi India state hrang hrangah kalpui a ni tawh a. Mizoramah pawh kalpui mek zel niin, he scheme hi thingtlang miten kan ṭangkaipui em? Miretheite harsatna a sut kiansak em? A dan ang takin Mizoramah kalpui a ni em tih chhuichiana hailan kan tum dawn a ni.

MGNREGS hnuaia ni 100 inhlawhna hi kum 2006 khan district hnufual 200-ah thawh ṭan a ni a. Central sawrkarin kum 5 hnu chauha district hnufual deuh hoa siam belh a tum chu, a lo lar tak em avangin kum 1 hnuah district 130-ah MGNREGS hnuaia ni 100 inhlawhna chu a lo siam belh ta a ni. Mizoramah pawh Siaha leh Lawngtlai District-ah te kum 2006 khan hman ṭan niin, kum 2007-ah Lunglei leh Champhai district-ah te hman ni lehin, tunah chuan district tinah hman a lo ni tawh a.

Mizoram district-a chungkaw tam zawkin ni 100 inhlawh theihna Job Card kan kawl fur a, hna nghet nei, thla tin pawisa Rs 40000/- chin lalut te pawhin Job Card hi neih tumin kan buaipuiin kan siamtir ṭhin ti ila kan sawi sual tam awm lo ve. Mirethei zawkte chhawmdawl nan leh tih hmasawn nana Central sawrkar duan Scheme-ah hian chhungkaw harsa lo, ni tin ei bar tur awlsam taka lalut thei mi eng zat tak awm ang maw? State Institute of Rural Development & Panchayati Raj (SIRD&PR) hnuaia MGNREGS scheme district tina an kalpui dan zirchianna an neihah, Mizoramah chhungkua Above Poverty Line (APL) 44.73 percent awmin, Below Poverty Line (BPL) 45.60 awm bawkin, Antyodaya Anna Yojana (AAY) 9.67 kan awm bawk a ni. An sum lakluhna hnarte chu Lo neih, ran vulh, sumdawnna te nau, ni tin inhlawh leh sawrkar hnathawkte an ni hlawm a. Mizoram chhungkaw harsa leh retheite MGNREGS scheme hian an harsatnate sut kiansaka chhawk zangkhai tur a nih laiin, sut kiansakin a pui tam lo a ni tih hmuhchhuah a ni.

District tinah a tam zawkin MGNREGS thil tum kan ṭhelhin kan hmang dik chiah lo tih an hmuchhuak bawk. Lalengkima ‘Impact of MGNREGA in Mizoram: Experiences from Social, Political and Economic perspectives’ article a ziahah, an zirchiannate sawifiahin; “India ramin harsatna a tawh, ram retheihna sutkian a tumna kawnga hmalakna lian tak pakhat, miretheite harsatna sut kiana ram economic tih hmasawn nan, India Danpui ‘right to work’ zulzuia MGNREG Act, 2005 chu India sawrkarin a siam a, a thawh tumte chu India ram natna ril tak, ram tuihal dangchar retheihna, ramngaw chereu leh a leilung chhe mek siamṭhat hna thawh a ni. Mahse, remchan zawkna avang leh a hnathawha hamṭhatna leh hlawkna hmuh duh avangin, hna hrang hrang siam belhte state tinah a awm a ni. State ṭhenkhatah chuan a ṭangkaina leh hamṭhatna tam tak hmuh a ni a, mahse Union Territories (UT) leh state ṭhenkhatah chuan hamṭhatna hmuh tur a tam lo a ni a, tlangram chhengchhe tak, Mizoram state angah phei chuan hmuh tur avang a ni.” Hei hi chhan hrang hrang avangin Mizoram state-ah chuan zawm theih loh chhan a awm a, a chhan bulpui bera lang chu, hmasang kan pipute aṭanga hmun dang danga lo nei mi kan nih avangin ramngawte kan vàt chereu a, tuihnate kan neih ṭhat theih loh avangin scheme schedule 1 thil tum tuihna ṭha neih tum leh ramngaw ṭha tak neiha thing phun belhte leh, khawro lutuk tur vente chu Mizoram State tan chuan thil har tak leh kan tih theih tawh loh kan hlawhchhampui a ti a ni.

MGNREGS thil tum pawimawh ber leh bulpui ber; India khua leh tui thingtlang mite tan kum khatah ni 100 inhlawhna siamsak hi Mizoramah chuan ni 100 an thawk tling ṭhin lo tih hmuhchhuah bawk a ni. Tin, MGNREGA schedule – 1 para 11 leh 12 ah contractor chhawr phal a ni lo a, a theih chhung chu kuta thawh tur leh khawl hman loh hram tum tur tih a ni a. Amaherawhchu, Mizoramah chuan khaw hrang hrangah khawl hi an hmang nasa em em a ni, khaw ṭhenkhatah chuan khawl hmanga MGNREGS hna thawh chu bansan a, dan ang taka thawh duh mah se, VEC leh VC ten khawla hnathawh hi an thlang tlat ṭhin a ni, khawl hna thawhna hire-na man hi chhungkaw tin Job Card holder account aṭangin pawisa VC ten an la chhuak ṭhin a ni. VEC leh VC te hian Central Scheme thil tumte ngai pawimawh loin an duh danin an kalpui mai ṭhin em aw? tih hi zawhna lian tak awm thei a ni. Scheme thil tum ram mipuite kut hnathawh lama thiamthil neihtir a tumna hi Mizoramah hian kan hna thawh loh hlawh kan lak reng hian scheme hi a hlawhtlin theih a rinawm loh a ni. Tin, Mizoramah Job Card holder ten scheme chungchang awareness campaign neihte 39.30 percent chiah an tel ṭhin tih hmuhchhuah a ni, khaw ṭhenkhatah chuan hlawh an lak tlaiin dan hmangin zangnadawmna an la thei tih pawh an hre lo a, hei hi a chhan bulpui ber nia lang chu, awarenesss campaign-te kan ngaih pawimawh loh vang ti ila kan sawi sual awm lo ve.

MGNREGS a lo changtlun zawk leh a lo hlawk zawk nan sawrkarin Vigilance and Monitoring Committee (VMC) a duang a, VMC hi Gram Sabha-in thla 6 dana appointed/nominated/elected tur a ni. VMC hnathawh tur chu MNNREGS hnuaia hna thawhte, endika, record nena nemngheh tur a ni a, an hna thawh ṭhat dante an sum sen ralte, an hnathawh abo abang awm loin a record vek tur a ni a, chu a record-te chu Social Audit an neih hunah Gram Sabha-ah a submit tur a ni. A report-te chu public document anga neih tur a ni a, duh huna a en theih tura dah tur tih a ni. Nimahsela, politics hian VEC, VMC leh VC ten ṭha taka hna an thawhna tur a dipdalin a khawih chhia tih, zirchiannain a hmuchhuak bawk a ni.

Mizorama MGNREGS scheme kan hman dik lohna hian rah ṭha lo tam tak a hring chhuak a. Mipuite rilru a hruai kawi a, awlsam tak leh zahawm lo taka pawisa hmuh tumna te a siam a, hnathawh hlutna leh pawisa hlutna a titla hniam deuhte pawh ti ila kan sawi sual awm lo ve; thlan tui fara kan thawhchhuah pawisa chuan hlutna tam tak a nei a, kan tana thil ṭangkai leh pawimawh lo tur bak kan lei ngai lo a ni. Mahse, awlsam taka kan neih theih pawisa erawh chu kan hmanralna pawh a hoin, rilru duhzawng leh veizawng thil kan mamawh ni lem loah te hman ral a awl em em, chu chuan chhungkuaah harsatna a lo thlen ṭhin a ni. Tin, kan ṭhalai tam takah zelthelna, hnathawh peih lohnate, thatchhiatnate he scheme kan hman dik loh avang hian a lo pian phah a ni. Hna nghet nei chhungkaw harsa lote pawhin Job Card neih a, hamṭhatnate tel kan tum tlat avangte hian MGREGS scheme hlutna leh pawimawhnate a tla hniam ve bawk niin a lang.

Mizoram mipui tam tak rilruah chuan MGNREGS kan sawi hian sawrkarin a thlawna mirethei ṭanpui nan pawisa a semnaah ngai pawlte kan awm nawk awm e, kan hnathawh dan leh kan hlawh MGNREGS sum kan lakluh danah hi chuan, awmze nei taka central sawrkarin ruahmanna nei a, kut hnathawhna hmanga ram leh khawtlang mipui chawisan a ni. Zoram mipuite harh thar ila, MGNREGS thil tumte ngaipawimawhin bengkhawn ila, ram rethei thatchhia tamnaah ramin hma a sawn thei lo tih hriain, thawh loh hlawh lak tum loin, kan ram hmasawn nan tih theih kan nei ve a ni tih hriain, kan ṭangkaina tur zawna kan lo awm a, hna ṭha taka kan lo thawh hian kan ram tan leh khawtlang tan kan tihmakmawh leh kan bat a ni tih hre thar leh ila, kut tling lo sum hmuh hi eirukna chi khat a ni tih kan hriat a, kan lo do hi a ngai takzet a ni. Kan ramah hian MGNREGS hmanga khawtlang leh mipuite’n hlawkna tam tak kan chan leh kan hmuh theihna turah hian rilru kan sèn a, kan ram leh khawtlang tan ṭangkai thei ang bera kan hman theihna turin kan tha leh rilru kan thawh a ngai a ni tih kan hriat thar a, dik lo taka hman tumnate kan do ngam a, kan lo au chhuahpui hian ram leh khawtlang tan thil hlu tak kan ti a lo ni.

- T.C. Lalhriatsanga

MA Political Science

IV Semester,

ICFAI University Mizoram