MIZORAM STATE A HLANKAI A NIH DAN

Vawiin February ni 20, 2023 hian Mizoram State-a hlankai a nih champha vawi 37 na kan lo thleng leh ta. Kan Thupui pawh hi "Mizoram State a hlankai a nih dan" tih a ni. Mizo­ram state a hlan kai a nih dan kan sawi dawn chuan Mizoram Political History sawi hmasak a ngai a, tawi te tein sawi hmasa ila.

India-in Independence a hmuh hma aṭangin Mizo­ram hi Assam ṭhendarh loh (Undivided Assam) hnuaiah a awm ṭhin a, Lushai Hills tia hriat a ni. Kum 1891 hma zawng kha chuan Democratic Sawrkar (Vantlang roinrelna) anga rorelna mumal Lushai Hills-ah khan a awm lo. Mizo Lalte khan an Lalna tlang ṭheuhah ro an rel a, thuneihna pumhlum neiin a bul leh a tawp nei (Absolute Monarchy) tih an ni tawp mai.

Kum 1891-ah Lushai Hills chu rorelna pahnih, Administrative Sub-Divi­sion ah ṭhen a ni ta a. North Lushai Hills leh South Lushai Hills tiha hriat a ni. North Lushai Hills kha Assam rorelna hnuaiah awmin, South Lushai Hills chu Bengal Sorkar rorelna hnuaiah a awm ve thung.

Kum 1898-ah Chin Lu­shai Conference, Cal­cutta-ah neih a ni a. Chu Conference thutluk­na ang chuan Lushai Hills ṭhen hrante chu rorelna bung khatah (amalgamated) siamin Lushai Hills District tia vuah a lo ni ta a. April ni 1, 1898 aṭangin Assam sorkar rorelna hnuaiah a lo awm ta a ni. (Singh S.N. Mizoram, Mital Publi­cations,New Delhi 1994 p. 113) Assam sorkar kan tih hian khatih hunlai kha chuan British India Sorkar, Sap hoin India ram min awp hun lai kha a ni.

Lushai Hills District

Assam sorkar hnuaia Lushai Hills District dinhmun tawi te in lo sawi ila. The Government of India Act 1919 duan angin Governor General-In-Council chuan January ni 3, 1921 ah Lushai Hills chu Backward Area, hma­sawnna kawnga hnufualah a puang a (Rao, Venkata V, A Century of Gov’t and Politics in North East India Volume III, Mizoram. S. Chand & Company. Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi, 1987.p10) Mahse, Gov't of India Act 1935 chuan Backward Area chu tibo in, The provision of section 91(1) of Gov't of India Excluded and Partially Excluded Areas Order 1936 angin ‘Excluded Area’ emaw ‘Partially Exclu­ded Area’ a thlakin Lushai Hills District chu Excluded Area (Hnam Hnufual bikte awmna Bial) ah a puang ta a ni. Heng kan han sawi chhan hi Politics lama ngaih­tuahna mumal (political consciousness) kan neih hma tarlan kan duh vang a ni.

Hun a lo kal zel a, kum 1946 ah Pu R. Vanlawma(L) khan Superintendent, A. Macdonald-a hnenah Political Party din phalna a dil a. Bawrhsap chuan April ni 9, 1946 ah phalna a pe ta hlauh mai a. April ni 25, 1946 ah M.E. Sikulpui Aizawlah chuan Mizoram a (Lushai Hills District) Political Party hmasa ber ‘Mizo Union’ chu din a lo ni ta. (H. Vanthuama, Mizoram Politics Chanchin, 1952 Hmalam p.21)

MIZO DISTRICT COUNCIL 1952

Indian Constitution Sixth Schedule hmangin kum 1952-ah Mizo District Council din a ni a. January ni 4, 1952 Zirtawp Ni ah District Council Term khatna atan inthlanna neih a ni a, hneh takin Mizo Union candidate te thlan tlin an ni. Kum 1955-a lalte bân an nih hma zawng khan Mizo lalte kha Mizo District Council hnuaiah an lal chhunzawm zel a. Mizo lalte an thih khan lal tur District Council khan a ruat ta zel a. Mizo lalte bân an nih khan, Mizo Lalte, Pawi leh Lakher Lalte thuneihna chu Sorkarin April ni 1, 1956 aṭang khan a laksak ta a ni (Assam Lushai Hills District ‘Acquisition of Chiefs Rights’ Act 1954, Biahnu Ram Medhi).

Tichuan, Assam Chief Minister Biahnu Ram Medhi-a chuan April ni 26, 1952 Inrinni-ah chuan District Council hawnna, Puanpuite In (Reid House)-ah a rawn nei a, June ni 23, 1952 ah District Council Session chu Puanpuite In (Reid House) ah chuan neiin, Deputy Commissioner Barkati hmaah rinawmna thutiam an nei ta a. Chief Executive Member (CEM) ah chuhtu awm lovin Pu Lalsawia chu tlinga puan a ni. (Chaltuahkhuma, Political History of Mizoram, David memorial Press offset printers, MV.53, Mission Veng Bazar, Aizawl, Mizoram, 2001 p.140-144). Kum 1953-ah Pu R. Thanhlira M.P in, Parliament inkhawma ngaihtuah atan ‘Lushai Hills’ tih kan ram hminga awm hi tun chinah chuan ‘Mizoram’ tih ni tawh rawh se tiin a thehlut ta a.

Mizoram hi kan sawi tak ang khan India Independence hma zawng kha chuan Lushai Hills tia hriat a ni ṭhin a. The Lushai Hills District (change of name) Act, 1954 (Act XVIII of 1954, enacted by Parliament of India) hmangin Lushai Hills tih chu September ni 1, 1954-ah Mizo Hills District tia thlâk a ni ta phawt a. Tichuan, Mizo Hills District chu kum 18 zet Assam Sorkar rorelna hnuaia a awm hnuin, North East Areas Reorganization Act 1972 hmangin January ni 21, 1972 ah Union Territory-ah hlan kai niin, MIZORAM tih hming a pu ta a ni. (Under provision of North Eastern Areas (Re-Organization Act of 1972) Mizo Hills District chu Union Territory-a hlan kai a nih rualin Mizoram Union Territory tih a lo ni ta a. January ni 21,1972 chawhnu 1:30 ah Prime Minister Indira Ghandhi Aizawlah lo kalin Mizo Hills District chu Union Territory ah hlankai a ni tih a rawn puang ta a ni.

MIZORAM STATE

Mizoram hi state puitlinga hlankai a nih kawngah hian hun harsa leh khirhkhan tak tak a paltlang a. Rambuai lai hre pha chinte kha chuan sawi tam ngai lovin kan la hre vek awm e. October ni 30, 1965 ah Mizo National Front, Gen. Hqrs Aizawl in India Prime Minister hnenah Memorandum an thehlut a.

Kum 1966 a lo thleng a, kum thar January Ni 3 zanah mi pakhat (Pu Laimana) kahhlum a ni ta a. February ni 2, 1966 zan dar 11:40 ah Aizawl Chanmari-a Assam Rifle patrolling a kal lambun a ni a. February ni 28, 1966-ah Aizawl Treasury rawk/suam niin Rs 3,00,000/- lakchhuah a ni a. March ni 3, 1966 zan aṭangin Aizawlah inkah ṭan a ni. (Chaltuahkhuma, Political History of Mizoram, p. 229,230) (BL Fadia, Indian Gov't and Politics, ‘Mizoram as the Twenty-third State’, p.406).

Tichuan, Mizoram chu Rambuai ‘Disturbed Area’ ah puan a lo ni ta a. Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act pawh Mizoramah hman a lo ni ta ni. (BL Fadia, Indian Gov’t and Politics, p. 406).

PEACE ACCORD 30th June 1986

Mizoram a Remna leh Muanna a awm theih nan kum 20 chhungin MNF aiawh te leh India Sorkar aiawh te vawi tam tak an inbia a. Mizoram Lt. Governor S.N Kohli (16.04.1981-09.08.1986) thurawn angin August ni 03,1982 ah Mizoram a Kohhran hrang hrang, denomination pakua (9) ten Zoram Kohhran Hruaitu Committee (ZKHC) an din a. ZKHC hian Remna leh Muanna a awm theih nan tha an thawh nasa hle a. Chu bakah Mizo Zirlaite pawhin ṭan an la nasa hle bawk a. Chung zingah chuan, keipawh a hming a MZP Sub, Hqrs. President hmasa ber (elect) ka nih avangin ka thawhpui te nen kan ṭang nasa ve hle a, kan theihtawk kan chhuah ve a ni. Tichuan, June ni 25, 1986 ah Pu Arjun Singh, Vice President, Indian National Congress I leh Pu Laldenga (L), President, Mizo National Front te chuan ‘Inremna Thuthlung’ an ziak (signed) hmasa a.

‘Peace Accord’ ziah a nih hnua bawhzuitu tur Co-ordination Committee te siam lawkin, Sorkar lailawk (interim government) chanvo insem dan, Pu Laldenga Chief Minister a nih tur leh Pu Lalthanhawla Chief Minister ṭanglaiin a seat a kian ang a, Deputy Chief Minister a nih tur leh Sorkar lailawka MNF leh Congress Minister zat turte ziahlan a ni.

Mizoramin Zalenna a puan aṭanga kum 20 leh thla 4-naah chuan MNF leh India Sorkarte inkarah Inbiak Remna Thuthlung (Memorandum of Settlement) chu June ni 30,1986 (Thawhṭanni) zan dar 10 velah an lo ziak dun thei ta a. (Historic Peace Accord) Remna leh Muanna nei tur hian Pu Lalduhawma pawhin a thawhhlawk hle a ni. June ni 30 hi ‘REMNA NI’ tih a lo ni ta a ni.

Peace Accord, Memorandum of Settlement-ah chuan MNF aiawhin Pu Laldenga'n a signed a, India Sorkar aiawhin Pu R.D Pradan, Home Secretary, Gov’t of India in a signed a, Mizoram Sorkar aiawhin Pu Lalkham, Chief Secretary, Gov’t of Mizoram in a signed a ni. August ni 2, 1986 ah Ram leh Ham tana Rammute, hmun hrang hrang aṭangin an lo haw a, MNF te hi an vaiin 550 vel ni a hriat a ni.

MIZORAM STATE BILL

August ni 4, 1986 ah Buta Singh, kha tih laia Union Home Minister khan Mizoram State Bill chu Parliament (Lok Shaba) ah a pu lut a. Member 308 in ṭha an tih laiin member pahnihten ṭha lo an ti a. Rajya Shaba ah ngaihtuah a ni leh a. Member 171 in ṭha an ti a, 11-in ṭha lo an ti ve thung a. Tichuan, India Constitution siamṭhat vawi 53-na 53rd Amendment Act of 1986 ah chuan Article 371 G dah belhin, Mizoram chu Indian Union-a State 23-na a lo ni ve ta a, State puitlinga hlankai a lo ni ta a ni. Amaherawhchu, Mizoram tan chuan MLA seat 40 awm tura remruat/siam a lo ni ta bawk a ni.

Mizoram chu State puitlinga hlankai a nih tak avangin, a hawng turin India Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi chu Aizawlah lo kalin, Feb ni 20, 1987 Zirtawpni zing dar 9:30 ah A.R Lammualah mipui tam tak kalkhawm hmaah Mizoram chu State puitling a ni tih puangin a hawng ta a. Pu Rajiv Gandhi chuan Mizoramin Remna leh Muanna leh State a neih tak avanga lawmpuina thute a sawi a. State lawm nan darkhuangte tumin, Mizo culture thil hrang hrang entir a ni bawk a. Hemi ni hi hlim taka hman a ni a. Hemi ni vek hian Raj Niwas (Raj Bhavan) Aizawlah Hiteshwar Saikia chu Lt. Governor aṭangin Governor puitlingah dah chhoh a ni a. Assam High Court Chief Justice hmaah thutiam a la a, Mizoram State puitlinga Governor hmasa ber a ni ta a ni. Governor hmaah chuan Pu Laldenga Ieh Minister dangte chuan rinawmna thutiam an la ta a. Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi pawh Arunachal Pradesh panin hemi ni vek hian a chhuak Ieh ta a ni.

TLIPNA:

Mizoram chuan State puitling kum 37 hmel a lo hmu ta a. Kum kalta kum 36 chhung khan hmasawnna tam tak kan nei teh meuh mai a. Mahse, hmasawnna ruhrel (Economic Infrastructure) lamah kan la pachhe hle a. Hmasawnna hnukpui inkalpawhna (road communication) ṭha kan nei mang lo a tih theih awm e. Electricity Power ah kan intodelh lo va, Food Security kan nei lovin, ei leh bar ni tin kan mamawh rampawn aṭangin kan la lalut zel rih a, mahse Mizoramin remna leh muanna a neih hi India ram state dang zawng zawngte entawntlak a ni awm e.

Mizoramin State kan hmuh ruala Remna leh Muanna kan neih hi vawiin State Day-ah hian Mizoram mipuiten a hlutzia hre thar lehin, kan ram (state) hmasawnna turin mi tin kan pawimawh a ni tih I hre nawn leh ang u.

- Z.D. Chhuanvawra, Dept. of Political Science
Lunglei Govt. College, Lunglei