Trading by Non-Tribal Regulation vis-a-vis Trading Regulation

Hman aṭang tawhin Mizorama sumdawn theih/ theih lohna dan kalhmang, a bik takin Mizo ni lo (‘vai’ ti mai ang) an rawn sumdawn ve theih leh theih lohna dan hian mi tam tak rilruah hmun lian tak a luah reng a. Hnam dang, a duh apiang kan ramah duh thala an rawn sumdawn ve theih hi, a vang leh a chhan tam tak avangin, ṭul kan ti rih lo a ni.

India Constitution siamtute pawh khan, ṭul min tihpui chin an nei tih a lanna chu, Mizo­ram pumpui Tribal Area a nih laia, Sixth Sche­dule hnuaia District Council neia rorelna min siamsak khan, Sixth Schedule, Paragraph 10-ah khan ‘trading by non-tribal regulation’ (trading regulation ni lo) siam theihna thuneihna District Council kha a pe a ni. Chumi thuneihna hmang chuan kan Mizo District Council khan ‘The Lushai Hills (Trading by non-Tribal) Regulation, 1953’ kha a siam a. Mizorama sumdawng, Lala Hari Chand Sarda khan High Court-ah Mizo District Council kha a khing a. Supreme Court a thleng a. Supreme Court khan, 28.10.1966 (Mizoram buai vanglai khan) thuremna a siam a. Kha Regulation khan hnam dang Mizorama sumdawn ve theihna kha a lo hrek na deuh a ni ang, ‘Fundamental Right, Article 19 a kalh e’ tiin kha Dan kha a ṭhiat a ni (AIR 1967 SC 829).

Ram buai a lo chhah zual zel nen, ‘trading regulation’ lam pawh hawi hlei thei lovin kan awm a, Assam ram chhunga awm kan la ni vei nen. 21 Feburay, 1972-a U.T-a hlankai kan nih hnuah, Pu Ch. Chhunga sorkar khan, The Mizoram (Trading by non-Tribal Regulation) Act, 1974 kha an rawn siam a. Mahse, U.T kan la nih miau avangin, India sorkar-in ‘kum sawm’ chauh nung turin an rawn tidanglam a. A Rules siam zawh a nih a, hman ṭan a nih meuh chuan, kum 1977 a lo inherchhuak a, hman ṭan a ni ta chauh a. Kum 1987 khan a tawp ta a, “Ngati nge tihnun zel a nih loh? Chumi khami vang” tia politics-a inbeihna pawh a pian phah nual a nih kha. Chu Dan pawh chu a thi leh ta a.

U.T Legislative Assembly pianni, April ni 30, 1972 khan Mizo District Council kha The Dissolution of the Mizo District Council (Miscellaneous Provisions) Order, 1972 khan a ṭhiat a ni. Tribal Area kan nihna kha a bo ta a, tuna District Council pathum huam chin chauh saw Mizorama Tribal Area awmchhun a ni ta a ni. Tin, Parliament-in Sixth Schedule kum 1988 khan a siam ṭha a. Mizoram leh Tripura-a District Council-ten ‘trading by non-tribal Regulation’ an siam theihna a tibo ta bawk a ni; trading regulation siam theihna erawh paragraph 10-ah hian a la awm. Tunah chuan trading by non-tribal regulation a piang thei tawh lo a ni.

Hnam dang sumdawng tur khuahkhirh ṭul tihna hi Mizoram/ sorkar rilruah a thi thei chuang lo va. State sorkarin ‘trading regulation’ a siam theihna provision Constitution Article 304-ah hian a awm. Chumi thuneihna hmang chuan kum 1991 Pu P.C.Siamliana Minister i/c Trade & Commerce a nih lai khan, The Mizoram Trading (Regulation) Act, 1991 kha siam a ni. Amaherawhchu, India President remtihpuina (sanction) lak hmasak a nih loh avangin, hman lohin hluihlawn a ni. President remtihpuina lak hmasak a nih loh chhan chu, a sei dawn avangin tarlang lo mai ila.

A tawi zawngin sawi ta ila. A hnuah a thar duan leh a ni a. President-in remtihpuina a rawn pe a. Chumi hmang chuan Ordinance chhuah a ni. Amaherawhchu, House-ah ‘hnam damna a tling lo’ tia sawiselna a nasat avangin tihnun zel a ni ta lo; thla ruk a ral a, a thi ta a. Tichuan, a thar duan leh a ni. Chu chu Pu Lalsangzuala (RIP) Finance Minister hovin, kum 1998 khan Union Law Minister hnenah zuk submit a ni.

Chutia a inchiah vel chhung chuan, MNF a rawn sorkar a. Chu sorkar chuan hun rei fe a buaipui a, a tawpah thlifim deuhin, trading regulation buaipuitu tur bik Committee a siam a. Pu Lalhmingthanga Kawlni, IAS (rtd), Nagaland Chief Secretary ni ṭhin chu Chairman atan dah a ni. Chutih lai vel chuan Home Minister LK Advani khan, ‘hetiang hnamdangte sumdawng tur khuahkhirhna dan hi India hmarchhakah khawiah mah a hlawhtling lo’ tih tluka thu a chhakchhuah avangin Committe chuan India hmarchhaka State zawng zawng a tlawh chhuak a. Hnamdang khuahkhirhna dan eng ang nge an neih tih a en vek hnuah, an thil hmuhte sorkarah an report a. Kum 2002 khan an term a tawp a, khatih laia CM khan a tihnun zel tak loh avangin bawhzui a ni ta lo. Kum 2008-a Congress a lo sorkar hnu rei fe hnuah a bawhzuitu tur Committee siam thar leh a ni. Pu Lalhmingthanga Kawlni bawk Chairman atan ruat a ni. Central sorkara Pu Lalsangzuala, Finance Minister hova an zuk thehluh kha, Ministry hrang hrangin rawtna (comments and advice) ṭha tak tak an rawn theh chho a. Chung rawtnate chu khungin, chu Committee chuan a hmawr a bawk a, sorkarah a final draft chu theh luh a ni; a reh rei ta viau mai.

India Danpui Article 304 hian ‘trading regulation’ State sorkarin a siam theihna kawng a hawng a. Keini chuan hnam dang rawn sumdawng ve tur ‘danna dan’ siam kan tum a, a har em em a ni. NGO hrang hrangten Committee-a an duhdan an tihrikte Committee-in a ngaipawimawh. Constitution a kalh zel mai si; India President, dan thiam pui pui tam tak nei khuan, kan Mizoram Legislative Assembly-a pharh a rawn remti lo ang tih a rinawm bawk si. Fundamental Right, Article 19(1)(d)(e)(g)-ah chuan, ‘India khua leh tui tupawh khawiah pawh an kal vel thei ang a, an chengin an khawsa thei ang a, an sumdawng thei bawk ang’ a ti mauh mai si a. Tin, Article 301-ah chuan, ‘India ram khawiah pawh sumdawnna (trade and commerce) hi a zalen (free) tur a ni,’ tih a ni bur mai bawk a ni.

Regulation chu kan siam thei. Regulation hian management & control lam a kawk a, hnam dang khuahkhirhna a kawk mang lo. Thiam taka, an sumdawn ve theihna kawng ping vek si lo, chep si kan duan chhuah thiam a ngai a ni ber mai. Fundamental right kalh si lo leh fundamental right-in a ken tel leh kawng zim te a keu kuak ‘reasonable restriction’ an tih hmang ṭangkai si-a kan siam a ngai a ni. Hnam dang dan beh kan tum lutuk nalamah regulation engmah nei lovin, harsatna kan tawk tam zawk ang tih a hlauhawm hle a ni.

Tuna dan hman lai kan neih chu, Licensing Regulation, 2012 hi a ni. Hemi hmang hian kan Municipal authority-te hian sumdawn phalnate an pe a. Hei lah hi Aizawl Municipality huam chhungah chauh a hman theih a. He Regulation pawh hi belh chian dawl hauh lo, sawi thui vak loh mai chi, tuten emaw an ngaimawh ang a, court-ah an khing ang tih hlauhawm tak a ni. Tuna kan ram dinhmun chu - Aizawl Municipal huam chin pawn lamah chuan dan lova sumdawng tumah a awm theih loh, dan awm lohnaah chuan bawhchhiatna sual a awm thei si lo va.

A thu hrimin, India Constitution-in India ram khawi­ah pawh tu pawh sumdawng thei sela a tih ang hian, kan Mizoramah pawh hian aZo aVai sumdawng thei vek mai ila, kan zavaia tan, a bik takin miretheite tan a ṭha a ni lawm ni ? Phairam aia Mizorama thil a to em em nachhan pawh hi, sumdawng an tlem a, competition a awm loh vang a ni. Hmanni lawka Vishal Mega Mart dawr hawn kan pan hum hum nachhan pawh, an thil zawrh a tlawm vang a ni.

Economic lam inchimralna (economic assi­milation) tih pawh hi, tute emaw, mi tlemte-in a loa luakchhuakin min sawi ṭhaih a ni thei em? Kan ram khawpuite hi thlir teh, vai sumdawng chawrno an awm thei mang hauh lo nia! Kan Mizo sumdawng an ek pha lo nasa. A lehlamah chuan, kan Mizo sumdawngte hi vai nena inzawm, bungrua/ sum inpe tawn lo tunge awm? Kan ram leilungah dawr hawng lo mahse, kan ramah an sumdawng chu a ni ve tho lo vem ni? Pu Lalsangzuala, Finance Minister-in kum 1998-a Central Law Minister hmaah Mizoram Trading Regulation draft a han pharh khan, Central Minister chuan a han en vang vang a, a sawi chhuah hmasak ber chu hei hi a ni - ‘State dangte chuan, an economic dinhmun a san theih nan, an ram chhunga sum luang lut tur (investment) an thlakhlelh em em laiin, engtizia nge nangnin in rama sum luanglut tur dan in duh tlat le?’

- R.C. Thanga, Sr Advocate