EIGHTH SCHEDULE LEH MIZO ṬAWNG

Khawvelah hian ṭawng chi hrang 6000-7000 awma ngaih a ni a. People's Linguistics Survey of India chhin chhiah dan chuan, India ramah hian ṭawng 780 vel a awm a; mahse, an chhinchhiah tel loh ṭawng 100 chuang zet la awmin an ring.

People's Linguistic Survey of India-a Supervisor Devy chuan, "English hi van (sky) ang a ni a, chu chuan ṭawng chi hrang hrang thing buk anga awm ṭuai chu a ti buai lo. Mahse, thing buk nunna hnâr leh chaw chaw luttu a zung (roots) te kan chhah/ tan chhum zel chuan a tawpa tawpah thingkung lian leh nghet tak pawh a tlu ruah ṭhin. Chu chiah chu Latin ṭawng thil tawn a ni. Hnam tlem zawkte ṭawng hi a tenau em mai tia hnawl ngawt hi hnam tam zawkte ṭawng, ṭawng lian leh hmangtu tam zawk nia kan sawite hian an tuar thei a ni," a ti. A dik asin.

United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) chuan khawvela ṭawng hrang hrangte hi hlawm 6-ah a ṭhen a, chungte chu:-

1. 'Safe Languages' : Ṭawng hmangtu tam tak, khawvelin ṭawngpuia a hman mek te an ni a; Chinese ṭawng (Chinese Mandarin) hi khawvela ṭawng hmangtu tam bera ngaih a ni.
2. 'Vulnerable Languages':Ṭawng pui anga chhiar ni phak lo, nau pangten an la zir chhoh zel ṭawng, inbiak pawh nana an la hman ni si hi a ni. Mizo ṭawng hi UNESCO chuan 'Vulnerable Language' zingah a dah.
3. 'Definitely Endangered Lang uages':Heng ṭawng hi chu naupangten an pianpui ṭawng (mother tongue) anga an hman tawh loh, ṭawng thih mai
hlauhawm tawh ho an ni. Mizo ṭawng pawh hi kan sawp chhiat zel chuan 'Definitely Endangered Language' dinhmunah a ding thei, a ding mek
zawk pawh a ni thei bawk.
4. 'Severely Endangered Languages': Heng ṭawng hi chu pitar leh putar-ho chauhin an hman tawh, ṭawng thi mai tura ngaih an ni.
5. Critically Endangered Lang uages': Ṭawng hmangtu pawh tlem tê, a hmangtu awm chhun te pawh upa tak tak, ṭawng hmangtu an thih ruala ṭawng pawh thi ve nghal tura ngaih an ni.
6. 'Extinct Languages': Heng ṭawng hi chu tunhma lama inbiak nana lo hman tawh, hman zui ni tawh lo, ṭawng thi tawh an ni. UNESCO Director General Kochiro Matsuura chuan, "Ṭawng a thih ruala thil pawi tak thleng ṭhin chu hnam rohlu (cultural heritage) bo tel ṭhin hi a ni a, an ṭawng hman ngei hmang chuan hmanlaia an nunphung leh tih dan an inhlan chhawng ṭhin a, chungte chu ṭawng a bo rualin a bo tel tihna a ni,"
a ti. A dik. 

Indian Constitution Eighth Schedule-ah hian a tir berah Sorkar laipui fachuam Hindi (Hindi hnuaiah hian ṭawng tepeng 49 zet awma ngaih a ni) leh ṭawng dang 13 thun hmasak phawt a ni a. A khât mawi tawka ṭawng dang thun belh zelin ṭawng 22 zet Eighth Schedule-ah hian thun a ni tawh a, chungte chu :- Assamese (1950), Bengali (1950), Gujarati (1950), Hindi (1950), Kashmiri (1950), Kannada (1950), Malyalam (1950), Marathi (1950), Odia(1950), Punjabi (1950), Sanskrit (1950), Tamil(1950), Telugu (1950), Urdu (1950), Sindhi (1967), Konkani (1992), Manipuri (1992), Nepali (1992), Bodo (2003), Dogri (2003), Maithili (2003), Santhali (2003). Heng ṭawngte hi 21st Constitutional Amendment Act, 1967 te, 71st Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992 te, 92nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 2003 te hian a recognise vek tawh a ni. Tunah hian ṭawng eng emaw zat chu Eighth Schedule-a luhtir tuma beih mek a ni a, chungte chu :-

Angika, Banjara, Bazika, Bishnu priya, Bhojpuri, Ladakhi, Bhotia, Bandelkhandi, Chhattisgarhi, Dhatki, Indian English, Indian French, Garhwali (Pahari), Gondi, Gujjar/Gujjari, Haryanavi, Ho, Kachachhi, Kamtapuri, Karbi, Khasi, Kodava (Coorgi), Kokborok, Kumaoni (Pahari), Kurak, Kurmali, Lepcha, Limbu, Mizo (Lushai), Magahi, Mundari, Nagpuri, Nicobarese, Himachali, Pali, Rajasthani, Sambalpuri/Kosali, Shaurseni
(Prakrit), Siraiki, Tenyidi, Tulu. Mizoram Peace Accord buaipui lai te khan Eighth Schedule-a Mizo ṭawng seng luh hi karfung pakhatah lo hmang selang chuan kan lut fel diam tawh maithei.

Eighth Schedule-a Mizo ṭawng dah tur hian hma lak a lo ni tawh ṭhin em? Ni tawh e. Hetiang hian hma an lo ta tawh :-

1. Congress Sorkar lai (1991) khan Opposition MNF MLA Pu R.Romawia Private resolution, "Mizo ṭawng Eighth Schedule-a dah turin Mizoram
Sawrkarin hma la rawh se," tih chu lungrual takin House-in a lo pass tawh. Engtiang chiahin nge hma an lak zui tih erawh hriat a ni lo thung.
2. YMA Khawmpui lian (1996) Ngopa khuaa neih ṭum khan, "Mizo ṭawng hi Eighth Schedule-a dah lut ve tura nawr turin sawrkar hnenah thlen ni rawh se," tiin thu a lo pass tawh a; Central YMA chuan a theih ang angin a bawhzui.
3. Mizo Academy of Letter (MAL) chuan kum 1998-2000 chhung khan Eighth Schedule-a Mizo ṭawng dah luh a nih theih nan Seminar hial buatsaihin ṭan a la.
4. Mizoram People's Conference leh Zoram Nationalist Party ṭang rual chuan kum 2003 State Assembly inthlan dawn khan Election Manifesto-ah an hmang nghe nghe.
5. Delhi Mizo Zirlai Pawl (DMZP) hian Eighth Schedule-a Mizo ṭawng dah a nih theih nan ṭan an la reng.

"Kum 1930 aṭang khan Mizo subject (Lushai vernacular) chu Calcutta University chuan matric thlenga zir theih turin a pawm a. Kum 1961 aṭangin Gauhati University chuan Lushai vernacular chu Intermediate level-a zir theih turin a pawm a, 1962-ah phei chuan Degree Course thlenga zir theih turin a pawm ta hial. North Eastern Hill University (NEHU) chuan kum 1983 khan Mizo subject chu Elective subject atana lak theih turin a pawm a, 1993-ah phei chuan Degree Honours subject atan apawm leh ta bawk a ni," tia Dr. Laltluangliana Khiangte thu ziah hian beng a ti var hle mai.

Chawngkhuma chuan, "BA zirlaia telh mai duh tawk lo hian, kum 1997 khan NEHU hnuaiah Mizo subject chu MA thlenga zir theihin hawn a ni ta a. Kum 2001-a Mizoram University a lo pian khan NEHU aṭangin Mizo Department chu chhawm chhoh a ni ta zel a. Kum 2008 aṭang phei kha chuan zirna sang zawk, M.Phil leh Ph.D thlengin Mizo Literature chu zir theih a lo ni ta bawk. Hei mai bakah hian Mizoram Public Service Commission (MPSC) chuan ekzam hrang hrangah Mizo subject chu 'optional paper' -ah a telh bawk," a ti. A bengvarthlak mang e. "India ram sorkar chuan kum 1954 khan 'Lushai Hill District' tih ṭhin chu 'Mizo District' (by an Act of Parliament) tiin a lo thlak tawh a. Mizoram Sorkar pawhin 'Mizo ṭawng' hi Off icial Language-a a puan (by an Act of Assembly), ni 17.12.1995-a President-in hming ziak hnana a pawmpui
tawh a ni (Kyndiah P.R.: Pillars of Mizo Society and Thoughts to Share, 1999, p.20). Hengte avang pawh hi a ni ang 'Mizo ṭawng' tiin hman
chhunzawm zel a ni ta a ni.

Zirna huangah chuan Lushai tiin sawi a ni reng ṭhin a, kum 1972 aṭang khan 'Lushai' tia an lo sawi ṭhin chu 'Mizo' tiin College lamah chuan Gauhati University chuan a thlak ta a. Sikul lam pawhin College leh University tih dan zuiin 'Mizo' tiin an thlak ve leh ta a ni. (Prof. C.Vanlalhruaia) Eighth Schedule-ah Mizo ṭawng hi dah luh ni ta se, hamṭhatna dawn tur a awm em? Awm teh meuh mai. Hamṭhatna chi hrang
hrang awm theite chu :-

1. India Danpui hnuaia humhalh tlat a nih chuan a him zual ngei ang.
2. Zau zawka Mizo ṭawng theh darhna kawngka a inhawng zâu sawt ang.
3. Mizo ṭawng hmangtute ngeiin hamṭhatna chi hrang hrang an dawng thei tawh ang a, thu ziak mite tan kâwl a êng ve tawh ang.
4. Ṭhalai lehkha thiam UPSC Ekzam tumte tan Mizo ṭawng hi Optional subject-ah an thlang ve thei tawh ang.
5. UGC pawhin Mizo ṭawng hi NET subject pakhatah a telh ve tawh ang.
6. Zirna lamah hmasawnna kawng zau zawkin a inhawn phah bawk ang.
7. Eighth Schedule hnuaia awm ṭawng hrang hrang humhalh leh tih hmasawn hi Sorkar laipui mawhphurhna a ni a; Hindi ṭawng leh ṭawng dang ke pen rualin Mizo ṭawng hi a pên ve thei tawh ang.

- Mzuitea Chhunthang