VISION 2030- TLAWNG LUI LEH KAN HMALAM HUN

- Miriam Ramhmachhuani

Chanmari, Aizawl.

Hmanlai hian Tlawng Huai leh Reiêk Huai an indo va, Tlawng Huai chuan Reiêk tlang sut tlanga luan tlang a tum a. Reiêk Lalnu Khawluahlali chuan remti lovin an inbei ta chiam mai a ni. A tawpah chuan Tlawng Huai chu a chak ta a, amaherawhchu an inbeih nasat êm avangin Tlawng lui chu a luang kikàwi ta chiam mai a, chu chu tun thlengin Tlawng nuar an la ti. Hei lo pawh hi sawi dan dang a awm awm e. Tunah erawh chuan Tlawng Huai emaw Reiek Huai emaw hriat tur an awm tawh lo va, Tlawng lui awptu Huai leh Tlawng lui tihchhiat tumtu Huai chu mihringte hi kan ni tawh mai a, keimahni kutah a chhiat leh a ṭhat chu a innghat a ni.

Tlawng lui hi Mizorama lui sei ber niin km 185.5 (115.3 m) a sei a ni a, Lunglei piah Zobâwk bulah hnâr neiin vei lamah Tut luiin finin ding lamah Teirei luiin a fin thung a ni. Lui sei ber mai ni lovin lui ṭangkai ber a tih theih ang a, kum 1890-a British-in Mizoram an rawn luh theihna kawng chu Tlawng lui a ni a, chanchinṭha kan dawn theihna kalkawng a ni bawk.

Mizoram khawpui pahnih Aizawl leh Lunglei mipuiin an tui tlan ber a ni a, an nunna innghahna a ni. Lunglei lamah hian Pialthleng lui nen a infinnaah Public Health Engineering Department (PHED) chuan Lunglei mipui châwmna Greater Lunglei Water Supply Scheme (GLWSS) hnuaiah tui pump-na, pump house leh tui tihthianghlimna (Treatment Plan) a bun a. Ramzotlangah pump chhoin ni tin Lungleiah an sem chhuak leh ṭhin. Aizawlah pawh Greater Aizawl Water Supply Scheme Phase-I leh Greater Aizawl Water Supply Scheme Phase-II te hian kum 2030 hma lam chu mipui mamawh la pe thei tura beisei a ni.

‘Vision 2030’ han tih hian, a awmzia chu kum 2030 a thlen huna Tlawng lui hmabak leh chumi chungchânga hmathlìr kan neihte a kawk thei awm e. Kan khawpui pahnih, mihring bit tial tialna chawmtu ber Tlawng lui hian chhiat lam a pan zel avangin hmathlìr leh tum nei chunga hma lak a ṭul tawh em em a ni.

Tlawng lui tui kàm chak dàn leh a chhe zawnga a kal zel dàn mithiamten an chhinchhiah hi lo târlang ila. Kum 2014 hma lam aṭang khan Lunglei mipuite tui tlan petu Greater Lunglei Water Supply Scheme hian mipuite mamawh a phuhrû zo tawh lo va. Kum 1995-ah Lunglei mipui 66,000 tan ni khatah tui litres maktaduai 9 pump tur a la awm laiin kum 2021 April ni 21-ah chuan tui litres maktaduai 1, singnga leh sangruk (1,05,60,00) chauh pump tur a awm tawh a, a tlâkhniamna hi zaa sawmriat (80%) lai a ni. Tunhmaa ni khata darkar 16 chhung pump tur a awm theih laiin, tunah erawh chuan ni khatah darkar 8 daih chiah pump tur a awm tawh a ni.

Hetiang a lo nih tak avàng hian Tlawng lui fintu Pialthleng luia tuikhuah an siamah chuan tui pump luh belh a lo ngai ta hial ṭhin a. Tlawng lui fintu dang Nghasih lui leh Nghasih lui fin lehchhawngtu langsarzual Khuai lui, Riatte lui, Lamhla lui leh Sipai luiahte pawh hian fur laiin tui tam ve deuh ṭhin mah se ṭhâlah chuan an ro titih ta mai ṭhin a ni. Kum 2030 a lo thlen hunah phei chuan lui a lo luang ve ṭhin a ni tih pawh a hriat theih tawh loh mai ang tih a hlauhawm ta.

PHED mithiamte chuan Aizawl khawpui chàwmtu Tlawng lui hi kum tin zaa paruk (6%) in a kàm belh zel niin an sawi! Kum 2020-a Tlawng luia tui tlèm lâi ber an chhinchhiah âiin kum 2021-ah chuan zaa sawmnga pahnih (52%) lâiin tui a tlem zawk! Kum 2019 chhung khan April ni 29 kha Tlawng luia tui tlèm ber nia chhinchhiah niin, tui litres maktaduai 70 a luang a. Kum 2020-a a tlèm ni ber April ni 1 khan tui litres maktaduai 65 luangin a kum hmasa aia a tlèmna chu 6.7% lai a ni. Kum 2021-ah hian April ni 29 kha a tlèm nî ber niin tui litres maktaduai 31 chauh a luang ta a ni. Chutihlaiin, Tlawng lui aṭanga tui pump theihna tur chuan tui litres maktaduai 80 tal a awm reng a ngai thung si. Tun aṭanga kum 10 a ral leh hunah meuh chuan tui luang tur a la awm ang em tih hi zawhna lian tak a tling ta a ni.

Tlawng lui ringa Aizawl chàwmtu tui lâkna hlui zâwk, Greater Aizawl Water Supply Scheme Phase I hi kum 1975 khan ruahman ṭan niin mihring 80,000 vel huam thei tura beisei a ni. Mi pakhatin ni tin tui litres 135 dawng ziah thei tura hisàp a ni nghe nghe. Kum 1983-ah hnathawh ṭan niin Kum 1988-a hawn a lo nih meuh chuan Aizawl khawpuia mihring cheng zat chu mi 10,28,00 an lo ni chho ta a, Phase-I chuan a chàwm zo lo ta hle mai a ni. Tichuan kum 1990-ah huam zau zawk tur mihring 3,155,240 tana hisap Greater Aizawl Water Supply Scheme Phase-II chu ruahman a lo ni leh ta a ni. Kum 1997-ah siam ṭan niin kum 2007-ah zawh a ni a, ni tin mi pakhatin tui litres 78 dawng thei tùra ngaih a ni. Heng Phase-I leh Phase-II hmang hian Aizawl mipuite chawm an ni a, amaherawhchu mihring pung zel avàngin tui kan indaih lo telh telh a, PHED tuisemah kan innghat nasa telh telh thung. Mipui nuai 4 velin tui an hman theih zât chu tui litres nuai 540 vel a nih laiin tun dinhmunah chuan tui litres nuai 175 vel chauh sem chhuah theih a ni thung a, mipui mamawh a phuhruk zawh lohna hi litres nuai 365 zet a ni a, mi pakhatin ni tin litres 40 vel chauh dawng ang an ni bawk a ni.

Khawvel puma thingtlang leh khawpui mipui chungchâng zirchiangtu pâwl, UN World Urbanization Prospects-in a târlan danin kum 2021-ah Aizawl khawpuiah mipui 378,336 an awm a, kum hmasa aia an pun belhna hi mi 8688 niin 2.35% a ni. Kum 2030-ah chuan mipui 464,452 awm tawh tura chhut a ni. Kum 2021-ah pawh mipui mamawh zât Tlawng luiah tui a awm tawh lo a nih chuan kum 2030-ah phei chuan mi heti zat mamawh phuhrûk tur chuan engtin nge hma kan lak zel ang le?

Khawvel pumah sik leh sâ inthlak danglam avang leh khua a lum chhoh zel avangin tui harsatnain zual lam a pan zel a. Mithiamte sawi danin kum 2030-ah chuan khawvel mipui 47%-te chuan namên lova tui harsatna an tâwk tawh dâwn a ni. Chuvangin, ram changkang zâwkte chuan a lo hmachhawn dan tur leh inven dan tur ngaihtuahin hmachhawp, Water Development Project an ruahman a, awm hle hle thei lovin an phi sek tawh mai a ni. Tun aṭanga kum 10 a lo ral hunah chuan tui inchuhin ram leh ram an indo bur bur tawh an ring hial a ni.

Vansâng aṭanga khawvel thlìrna, Satellite aṭanga a landan phei chuan khawvela lui luang ṭhin 37% chu a bo hmak tawh a ni. Kum tin mi maktaduai 4-te chu tui thianghlim tlâkchham avangin an thi ziah anga chhût a ni a, ram hnuaihnung zawka naupang kum 5 hnuai lam zinga mi 10,000-te chu tui thianghlim tâwk lo in avànga natna kaihhnawihah an thi ziah bawk. Khawvel puma tui hman 70% hi lo neih lam, agriculture kaihhnawiha hman niin 22% hi thil siamna, Industry hrang hrangah hman a ni bawk. A kum tela khawvel ro telh telh hian thlai thar chhuahna kawngah pawh nghawng ṭha lo a la nei chho zel dawn niin a lang.

NITI Aayog report-in a tarlan danin, India mipui maktaduai 600 vel zet chuan tui harsatna nasa tak an tâwk mek a, mi nuai 2 vel kum tin tui thianghlim in tur khamkhawp hmuh loh avangin an thi ziah bawk a ni. Kum 2030-ah chuan tui mamawh zat pung chho tur leh tui harsatna zual zel si avangin India ram sum leh pai dehchhuah zat tehna GDP chu 6% laiin a tlahniàm dâwna ngaih a ni. India rama tui awm zawng zawng 70% hi tui bawlhhlawh, mihring in tlâk loh a ni lehnghal! Times of India (Kolkata) chuan, “Kum 2030-ah chuan lei hnuai tui 33% hi thir (iron), thil al (salinity) leh arsenic (oxygen nena chawhpawlha tûr hlauhawm tak ni thei thir chi khat) a tam lutuk avàngin mihring tan in tlak a ni tawh lo vang,” tiin a lo hrilhlawk bawk a ni.

Mizoramah pawh PHED lam mithiamte sawi danin, kum 2012 kumah Mizoram khaw 777 zingah tui harsa khua chu 66 an ni a. Kum 2021-ah chuan tui harsa khua hi khaw 350-ah an pung chho va, kum 9 lek chhungin khaw 284 a awm belh hman a ni. Ruahtui tlak dan pawh a mumal lo chho tawh hle a. Tunhma chuan kum tin ruahtui 2600 mm dawng ṭhin kan ni a, amaherawhchu sik leh sâ inthlâk danglam zel avàngin kum 3 kalta vèl aṭang khan ruahtui pawh 1900 mm chauh kan dawng tawh a ni. Kan ram leilung inpharh dànin a zir loh avang leh a khâwlkhâwmna kan neih ṭhat loh avàngin ruahtui a luang ral nasa a, vàn ruahtui tla 10% chauh hi a lâk theih nia chhût a ni bawk. India rama ruahtui dawng tam ber pawl State ni siin tuiah kan intodelh hlei thei chuang lo a ni. Hèngte avang leh kan tui tlan ber Tlawng lui kâm telh telh avang hian Mizoram mipui 48% te chuan tui hman tur khamkhawp an hmu lo der tawh a ni.

Hetiang hi kan dinhmun a nih avàngin Tlawng lui chhanhim turin kan awm hle hle thiang tawh lo. Kum 2030 lo thleng tura harsatna lian zâwk kan hmachhawn hma hian hmachhawp kan neih a ngai a, chu ruahmanna tihlawhtling tur chuan he harsatna lian tak, kan hnuk khawih thei thil hi a chhan leh vang kan hriat hmasak a pawimawh awm e.

Ramngaw kan ticherêu nasa lutuk hian harsatna min thlen a ni. Thing leh maute hi van ruahtui luang ral tur vêngtu a nih bakah lui tui insiamna hnâr a ni. Kum eng emaw zât kal ta kha chuan Tlawng lui hnâr hi a la ngaw ṭha khup khup hle a, nungchâ leh thilnung dang maksak leh dangdái tak takte pawh a tam ṭhin niin an sawi. Lalruanga dàwi bûrte, Ngiau hnah hlâi chîte pawh a awm ṭhin. Dr C.Murilidhar Rao, IFS (Retd), Mizorama Environment and Forest Department-a an hotu ber ni ṭhin chuan Mizorama Ngiau hnah hlâi ber niin a chhinchhiah nghe nghe. Mahse tùnah chuan heng ramngaw pik khupte leh nungcha danglam tak takte hi hmuh tur a awm tawh mang lo va. Tlawng lui hnâra Ramngaw cherêu zel chuan lei hnuai tui lut thla tur awm hman lovin a siam a, a luang ral zung zung a, tui a lo kâm ta telh telh mai a ni.

Kan pi leh pute kha ramhnuaia tuikhur tui chawiin harsa takin an lo inhnangfâk ṭhin a. Tui ren a ngaih avangin inbual turin tuikhur an pan a, naupang phei chu, “Uite rim in nam,” tih ngâi khawpin an fai lo ve hle a ni tih a hriat theih. Tunah erawh chuan kan changkanna chuan faina a rawn keng tel nghal bawk a, ni tin kan inbualin kan intifai ta a ni. Heng avàng hian mi tinin kan tui mamawh chu a lo sâng chho ta.

Tin, kangmei chhuâk hian khua a tikhêngin ruahtui tla tur a titlem a, kum 2030 hnu lamah phei chuan tún aia nasa hian khua a la khêng dâwn niin mithiamte chuan an sawi a ni. Kum 2019 January thla aṭanga kum 2021 March thla inkarah ringawt khan Mizoramah kangmei vawi 459 a chhuak hman nia chhinchhiah a ni. Heng kangmei chhuak zinga tam ber vawi 346 chu rama kangmei chhuak a ni nghe nghe. Ram kang hian boruak thianghlim lo (Carbon dioxide) tichhuakin chu chuan boruak a tilum zel a, a lo hipral zung zung tur ramngaw kan nei tlem telh telh bawk si a ni.

Khawvela ruahtui tlak tamna ber ram, Cherrapunji-ah chuan ramngaw an tihcherêu nasat avangin mipuiten tui khamkhawp an hmu chuang lo va. Chutihlaiin Rajasthan-a lui pakhat Rupee an tih bula chengte chuan Cherrapunji mipuite ruahtui dawn hmun 4-a tṭhena hmun khat chauh dawng pha ve mah se, tuiah an intodelh thei tho a ni. Kum 1980 khan khawkhêng nasa tak an tuar a, chumi ṭum chuan an rama tlawmngai pawl hrang hrang inzawmkhawm pawl (NGO)-te chuan tui dah khawlna leh tuikhurte siamin thing phunah nasa takin ṭan an la bawk a. Tichuan zawi zawiin an tuikhurte chuan hna a rawn nei chho leh a, mipuiten an ṭawiawm ṭhat bawk avàngin tui an ngah leh thei ta a, an thlai tharte pawh a lo hlâwk leh ta em em a ni.

Kan tui dawnna hnâr Greater Aizawl Water Supply Scheme-te hian kum 2030 hma lam chu kan mamawh la phuhru thei ṭâwk ṭâwk tura ngaih a nih laiin Tlawng lui tui kám zel avàng leh khâwl lam harsatna an tawh zeuh zeuh tawh avangin khaihlak chang kan nei zeuh zeuh tawh a ni. Hetiang a nih avang hian Tlawng lui leh a fintu lui tê dangte humhalha siam thar leh hi thil ṭul tawpkhawk a lo ni ta a, kawng hrang hrangin hmalak dan tur a awm thei awm e.

Ramngaw kan lo tihcherêu tawhte dinthar leh nan kan lui hnârah thingphun uar leh a ṭul a, hei hian tui hna kangchat mekte pawh a siam thar leh thei a ni. Mizoram khaw pakhat Lêng khua hian entawn tur ṭha tak min hnutchhiah a. An khaw chhûng luite humhalh tharin lui hnara thing awm sate an humhalh bakah, phun belh ngai apiang an phun belh bawk a, tunah chuan an lui tuite a lo luang chhuak leh dem dem tawh a ni. Hetiang hian Tlawng lui leh a fintu lui dangte humhalhin thingphun belh zel ila, humhalhna dàn khauh tak siamin a bawhchhiate chungah dàn lekkawh nghal zel thei bawk ila chuan, kum 2030 a lo thlen hma hian kan indinthar leh theiin a rinawm a ni. Sawrkarin dàn a lo siam ta lo a nih pawhin mi tinin kan mawhphurhna a ni tih hria a kan humhalh tlat a ṭul tawh a ni.

Tin, thingphun mai bakah mau chin uar pawh hi hmalâkna tur ṭha tak a ni awm e. Khawvel ram hrang hrang inzawmkhawm pawl, United Nations (UN) report-ah cuan Mizorama maute hi Philipines mau tih lohah chuan khawvelah a ṭha ber niin tarlan a lo ni tawh a. Mizoram leilunga tualṭo a nih angin kan ram leilung a ngeih tâwk êm êm a ni. Thing pakhat hian ṭhan puitlin nan kum 20-120 a mamawh laiin mau erawh chuan kum 4-5 chauh a mamawh thung. A pharh zawnga zung kai a nih avangin a chawr thar leh zel thei a, phun thar sek a ngai lo bawk a ni. Mau hian thing aiin a let thum laiin boruak thianghlim lo (Carbon dioxide) a hip ral chakin a let hnihin boruak thianghlim (Oxygen) a pe chhuak hnem zawk nia sawi a ni. Mau pum khat hian tui kg 5 lai a khàwl thei nia chhût a ni a, a zung hian lei a phuar nghetin leimin tur a veng ṭha êm êm bawk. Dr Chin Ong, Nairobi-a World Agroforesting Centre-a an Senior Scientist chuan, “Leimin tihtlem i duh a, tui, pawisa leh hna i duh bawk chuan mau hian i mamawh a pe ang che,” a lo ti hial a ni.

Tin, ruahtui khawlkhawmna ṭha tak nei tura ṭan lak hi Tlawng lui chhanhimna tur pakhat chu a ni. Hnam fing hmasa apiangin tui khawlna neih pawimawhzia an lo hre hmasa niin a lang. Kum 4000 zet liam tawhah khan Palestina rama chengte leh Greek hnamte khan khàwlkhàwm nachâng an lo hre tawh a. Hmasang hnam ropui, Rome mite pawh khan in an sak reng rengin an tual zawlah ruahtui dah khàwlna tur an lo siam tel ṭhin bawk. India ramah erawh chuan tun thlengin Tamil Nadu State chiah hi ruahtui khàwlkhàwmna tur dan hmang awmchhun an la ni rih a, entawn ve theih a ṭha hle mai. Kum khat chhhunga Ṭhâl lai thla 2-3 chhung tala tla tâwk tur chhungkaw tinin fùr laia khàwlkhàwm nachàng kan hriat a va hun tawh em! Khaw tinin hmun àwl zàu remchàng laiahte tui dah khàwlna tur kan siam a ngai tawh hle a ni.

Kan hmalâkna tur pawimawh tak pakhat leh chu, lui leh tuikhur hnar humhalhna turin lo atana vah phal chin leh ram ṭheh tur chinte siam fel hi a ni. Tuihna awmna laite chhinchhiahin chu lai hmun chu kan humhalh chat chat a ngai. Thil siamna hmun leh mihring chenna tur in sak kawngahte, ram hmasawnna tur atana hmachhawp Project ṭha tak tak kan la neih zel turahte hian mithiamte râwn chung zèlin, Tlawng hnâr leh a fintu luite tichhe lo thei ang ber tura sakte, a tichhe thei dawn a nih chuan kawng dang zawn maite pawh hi kan hmalâkna chi khat ni thei se, kawngro a sut ngei a rinawm a ni.

Mizorama cheng tam zawk, 70% te eizawnna hi lo neih a ni a. Kum tin lo hàl avangin ram ṭha lai a kàng chhe duai duai ṭhin a nih hi. Kan lo neih dan kalhmang hi a thlakna tur ṭha zâwk a la awm thei lo a nih pawhin meikawng ṭha taka sialin lo hàl ila, ram kàng tur kan vêng thei ang. Hmun inchherchhuana lo neih (Terrace) hian tui luang ral mai tur a tikhawtlai a, a khawtlai chhungin lei chhungah tui a lo inhip lut ṭeuh hman a, chu chuan tui hna a siam ṭha leh thei a ni. Hetianga Terrace siam hi kan intihhmuh chuan tun aiin hma kan sawn zawk ngei ang le.

Bawlhhlawh paih dan fimkhurna kawngah pawh ṭan kan lâk thar leh a ngâi bawk. Sawrkarin bawhhlawh paih dan tur a siamte hi chhungkaw tinin zawm ṭha ila, lui kama bawlhhlawh inchhekkhawl hnur ṭhinte tihbo a nih theih nan hmâ kan lâk a ngai a ni. Sawrkar leh tlawmngai pawl ṭhenkhatte tihtur chauh ni lovin, mitin mawhphurhna a ni tih hre thar leh ila, he mawhphurhna hi kan hlen chhuah ngei a ṭul bawk a ni.

Tlawng lui humhalh a ṭulzia leh hmalak vat vat a ṭulziate, tun aṭanga kum 10 a ral leh meuh chuan kan hmabak a thimziate hi inzirtirna (awareness) nasa lehzuala kan neih a ngai. TV-ah leh Social media-ahte hmun luah tam se la, Primary Sikul aṭanga College thlengin naupangte kan zirtira kan sawi tam a, programme hrang hrang kan duan a hun tawh khawp mai. Political Party-ten a siam ṭhatna tur àu hlàah hmangin tihlawhtling zui ngei bawk se, Kohhranah pawh Pulpit thlengin ri tam se, kan ram humhalh hi a Pathian thu em em a ni. Tin, mi tinin tui remchem thiam kan zir a ngai a. Kan hrehawm tlawk tlawkna tur ni si lovin kan mamawh tawk te tea hmante, hman tawh hnu hman ṭangkai leh dan zawnte hi a pawimawh.

Chaw tel lova thla khat chuang kan dam theih laiin tui tel lo chuan kar khat bak kan dam thei lo. Kan taksa 60-70% hi tui a ni a, kan taksa rihna 3% a siam bawk a ni. Kum 2030 a lo thlen hma ngeia tui ṭàm tlà kan hmachhawn hma hian, ṭam tuar lo tura hmâ kan lo lâk vat vat a ṭul tawpkhawk a ni.

Hman lai Red Indian hnamte kha hnam huaisen leh râl beih thiam hmingthang an ni a, an ram leilung chhanhim tumin anmahni aia ralthuam nei ṭha leh tam zawk, Sapho kha theihtawpin an lo bei let ṭhin. A tawpah erawh chuan an tlêm zâwk êm avangin an ram chu an hnehchhuh ta zel a nih kha. Kum 1854-a America President Franklin Pierce-a’n an ram leisak a tumin Red Indian Lalpa, Chief Seattle-a chuan lehkha thawnin a chhang let a, he a chhàn lêtna hian mi thinlung a hnehin tun thlengin a hming a dai tawh ngai lo a ni. “Lei hi mihringte tà ni lovin mihring hi lei tà zawk a ni a. Thil zawng zawng hi thisen inzawm chhungkhat angin a inzawm tlat a. Mihring hian nunna zâi khat pawh a tah lo va, mihring zâwk hi nunna zâi khat lo awm ve chu a ni chauh zawk. Chu thil tah chu a tihbuai leh amah leh amah a intibuai ve a ni mai,” tiin.

An ram leilung chu Nu ang maia ngaiin an zah a, a tichhetu chu theihtawpin an do mai a ni. Keini pawh kan thlahtute’n thi leh thau pawlha an lo humhalh, kan ram nuam tak hi kan tihchhiat zel chuan keimahni leh keimahni kan intichhe zel dawn tihna a ni a, kan lui tuite hi kan tihkangchah zel chuan kan hrawkhrui kan zai chat ang mai a ni dawn a ni. Chuvangin, kan ram leilung leh kan tui tlan lai tal hi chu zahin duat thiam ila, ṭhangthar lo awm zel turte tan chenna tlakah i siam zel ang u.