Mizo chu tute hi nge ni?

Lai Autonomous Dis­trict Council CEM, Pu Mang­hmungan ‘Laite hi Mizo kan ni’ ti-a March thla LADC Session-a a thusawi chu ngai thei lovin, Lai Students’ Association chuan April 1, 2021-a an press release-ah chuan ‘Lai hnamte hi Mizo kan ni lo’ an lo ti ve bawk a. Social media-ah pawh he thil hian sawi a hlawh hle ta mai a. A zau zâwka sawiho zêlna ni pah fâwmin he thu hi kan ziak ve a ni.

Mizo chu tute hi nge ni?

1. Hei hi sawifiah (define) har ang reng tak chu a ni a. A awlsam zâwng chuan 'Tupawh Mizo nia inngai, Mizo mipui tam zâ wkin Mizo anga kan pawm theihte' hi Mizo chu an ni mai, a tih theih ang. Anthropological angle lam aṭanga hrilhfiah dâwn erawh chuan 'Mongoloid race aṭanga lo zi chhuak, hnam khat, kum zabi 19-na lai vela Sap hovin 'Chin-Kuki tribes' tia an lo koh ṭhin, an ṭawng pawh Tibeto-Burman family zinga mi, an culture leh tradition pawh zai khata la luang, tuna Mizoram leh a chheh vela inbengbel ta hote hi' ti ila a sual tampui lovang.

Tichuan, hemi hrilhfiahna hnuhnung zâwkin a huam tel, mahse a hrilhfiahna hmasain a huam tel rih lohte an awm thei ang. Chûngho chuan 'Mizo' tih hian anmahni pawh a huam ngei tih an hriat chian a, 'Mizo'-a an rawn inchhal hun hunah Mizo an ni mai dâwn a ni. Unau ngei pawh unau kan nihna kan hriat miau loh chuan awmzia a nei chuang lo. Kan inhmuhchhuah na na kha unau kan nihin awmzia a neihna chu a ni mai. (Hindi film-a pian tirh ata unau inhloh, mihrang daih anga lo indâwr ṭhin, mahse a hnua inchhar chhuak leh tâ kan hmuh thin ang deuh hian).

2. Pu B. Lalthangliana, kan Mizo historian hmingthang berte zinga miin, September, 1997-a Shillong Mizo Students Union-in Seminar an huaihawta a paper buatsaih 'Mizo Identity' tih kha a ropuiin a bengvarthlâk hle a; Mizo hnam hi kan inhmuhchhuah chian zâwk theih nan mi tam zawk chhiar atân a atawm kher mai. Khata a sawi: 'Mizo Identity' hi a rawn ṭhang chhuak mêk a; Mizo fate pawh kan inhmuchhuak mêk zel a ni… Chu lungrualna tlângchhip chu a lo lang tan mêk a ni' a tih kha a dik zêl turah ngaiin, beisei bawk ila. He thil duhawm tak châwm puitling tur hian Mizo zinga a ṭhahnem ber leh a hmun laila luahtu, Lusei-ho hian mawh­phurhna pawh kan nei ngah ber tih kan inhriat a ṭha ang.

3. Kan Mizoram sawrkar leh ram hruaitute hian hemi kawngah hian mawhphurhna nasa tak an nei bawk a ni. Kan politician hmasa zingah chuan Pu R. Thanhlira khan Rajya Sabha MP a nih lai khân Mizo hnam tân thil ropui tak a ti a. Chu chu kan ram hming 'Lushai Hills' tia Sap hovin min lo vuahsak kha 'Mizo Hills' tia thlak tura rawtna Parliament-ah hlawhtling taka a lo put luh kha a ni. Hemi hming thlâk chhan hi chu sawi vak ngai lovin kan hre vek mai awm e. Lusei ho chu Mizo tribe zinga chi ṭhahnem ber ni mah se, tuna kan ramah hian Lusei-a chhiar loh tam tak, a tir aṭanga ram neitu dik tak an awm a; chuvangin kan zavaia huap zo tur hming 'Mizo' tihin min lo thlâksak kha a ni a. Mahse, vanduaithlâk ang reng takin hemi rilru (spirit) hian beisei angin rah a chhuah kim thei rih lova; tun thlengin kan Mizo unau engemaw zât 'Mizo' a inchhal duh lo emaw, inchhal thei chiah rih lo emaw an awm ta a ni. British hun lai khân ‘Lushai’ min ti vek a, house tax pêk chungchangah pawh Lushai te chuan Rs. 2 an pe a, non-Lushai te chuan Rs. 5 an pe ṭhin. Khatih laia ‘Lushai’ a ahê lova inchhâl ṭhin te khân tuna ‘Mizo kan ni lo’ an han tithar leh hi chu minority politics khelhna ni ngeiin a lang.

Mizo ṭawng chu eng ber hi nge?

1. Mizo ṭawng han tih mai theih tur ṭawng zepui khat kan nei a. Ṭawng zir mite chuan 'Tibeto-Burman' family-ah an dah kan tih tawh kha. Ṭawng chungchânga thil kan hriat tur pawimawh tak chu hei hi a ni: Ṭawng engpawh mai hi a pangngai reng lova, kan awmna leh khawsak azirin a ṭhangin a danglam ve zel a ni. (Sâp ṭawng chuan - “language is dynamic and never static” - ti ila a chiang khawp mai). Sâp hovin min rawn awp hmâ te kha chuan keini Mizote chu khua leh khua inrûn ṭhin-te kan nih avangin kan inkulh hrang fir fer a, Lal khat ‘khua-leh-tui’ tih loh phei kha chu mipui kan inkal pawh lovin, inpawlhona (social interaction) kan nei tlêm em em a ni. Lehkha ziakte a la awm bawk si lo nen. Hei vang hian ṭawng tobul khat ngei ngei pawh kha ṭhang engemaw tih hnuah chuan a lo inpersan hret hret ṭhin a lo ni a. Tuna Mizo hnahthlâk kan tihhote ṭawng pawh hi ṭobul khat, la inhnaih tak takte an ni. An zavai hian 'Mizo ṭawng' tih hian kan huamtir vek tur a ni ang. A mal mal hian Mizo tawng siper (Mizo dialect)-ah pawm tlâng bawk ila a dikin a ṭha ber ang.

2. Sâp hovin min rawn awp hnu kha chuan, a hmâa kan indâidanna-te chu ṭhiah an lo ni ṭan ta a. A, AW, B thuhmun neiin ziak leh chhiar-te kan han thiam a, lehkhabu tam tak siam chhuah a niin, Mizo thu leh hla (literature) pawh a rawn ṭhangduang ṭan hle a. Chu a chhapah Kristian sakhuaah lungrual takin kan inchûnglut ta vek bawk nên. A ram pum huapin mipuite pawh zalên takin kan inkalpawh leh ṭan ta a. Tun hmâa kan inkal pawh loh luat avanga kan ṭawng ki leh ziarâng lo danglam tâte pawh kha zawi zawia zai khata rawn luang leh ṭan tur hi a ni a. He hi kan ram hnârkaitu hmsaten an chhawmdâwl thiam tâwk lo ni pawhin a lang. Intihhranna rilru awm lova thil kal tluang chu ni se, tun ang hun, kum 100 lai Kristian kan lo nih hnu hi chuan Mizoram chhûnga chêng ngatte phei hi chu ṭawng zai khata kan luan luh leh deuh vek tawh a rinawm.

3. Sâp ṭawng pawh hi kan hman dân a inang lo hle a, mahse an vaiin Sâp ṭawng kan ti vek tho. British English-te, American English-te leh Australian English-te pawh hi an ṭobul a inang vek. Mahse ram hrang hranga pêm darh ten an hman zui zêl dân aṭanga lo danglam hret hret an ni mai. Ram pakhat, Sawrkar pakhat hnuaiah chuan kum engemaw zat han cheng ho leh vek sela chuan, zai khatah an luangkhawmin and infin leh mai ang a; English ṭawngin a hausak phah dawn bawk a ni.

Chutiang bawkin kan Mizo ṭawng siper hrang hrang, Lusei ṭawng-te, Hmar ṭawng- te, Ralte ṭawng-te, Pawi ṭawng-te, Lakher ṭawng-te, Paihte ṭawng-te leh a dangte pawh hi ram khat leh rorelna khat hnuaia kan awm hnu hi chuan zai khatah an luangkhawm leh hret hret tur hi a ni a. A inṭhen darh zâwng leh mahni chibil politics kan kalpui a nih ngawt loh chuan. “Kan ṭawng a thi ang/ kan hloh ang” tih te, “Râlte-ho pawhin an ṭawng an hloh der tawh” tih ang zâwnga thu kalpui hi thil awmze nei lo a nihzia chu a chunga kan sawi aṭang khian a chiang turah ngai ila.

4. Lui hrang hrang an infin khâwm chuan a lui lian ber leh zang khauh ber zûl zuiin an luang za ta ṭhin ang deuh hian, kan Mizo ṭawngte zinga lâr ber leh changkâng ber, Mizoram chhunga chêng Mizo hnahthlâkte zinga 93% in an hman theih, Lusei ṭawng hi 'Mizo ṭawng' laimu leh hnârkaitu ber a ni lo thei lovang a. Chuvangin mi tam takin Lusei ṭawng leh Mizo ṭawng chu thil thuhmun anga an lo ngai emaw, an lo sawi emaw a nih pawhin ngaih thiam ve mai ni se a dik ang. Lusei ni lo-te pawhin ngaihmawh, hnârmawhah lo nei lo hram mai sela. Anmahni ṭawngkam bak, Lusei ṭawng aia mawi leh fiah zâwk, tuna Mizorama ṭawng tuallenga kan la hman lâr lohte pawh seng lut ve turin ṭan la zâwk sela; Mizo ṭawng tihausatute pawh an ni thei mai dawn a ni.

5. Kan hla phuahtuten 'A thlûkah Pârte i buai em ni?' an lo tih ang deuh khân, kan ṭawng hrang hrang zia leh ki danglam hret hret chauh hi chu i ngaimawh lo mai ang u. Hnam inpumkhatna kawng kan zawhna dâltuah i hmang lul lovang u. Kan sawi tâk ang khan, ṭawng hi a ṭhang danglam reng a. Tun hma kum 75 kal taa Mizo ṭawng leh tunlaia Mizo ṭawng inchangkân hleihzia chu nasa tak a ni. Meichher chanchinbu-a an rawn chhuah ṭhin: 'Kum 75 a ni ta' tih kha lo chhiar tawh ṭhinte chuan inhre thiam nghal mai ang. Tichuan, tuna Mizorama kan ṭawng hman lar ber, Lusei ṭawng nena inmil hi, Mizo ṭawng kûngpui ziding atâna hmangin, Mizo (awze) ṭawng dangte pawh seng lût zelin, ṭawng hausa tak, Mizo faten lungrual taka kan hman tlan theih tur 'Mizo ṭawng' chu din tumin hmâ i la thar ang u. Sâp ho pawh hian ṭawng chitin reng mai, Greek- te, Latin-te, French-te, Hindi-te pawh an ṭawngah an seng lût zel mai a; khawvela ṭawng hausa ber a lo ni ta rêng a ni.
Hnam lungphum chu ṭawng a ni ber lo:

1. Ṭawng zai khata an luanho chu duhthusam ni mah se, a tel lo pawhin hnam pumkhatna chu a neih theih tho bawk tih hria ila. Lusei ṭawng (tuna Mizo ṭawng anga kan hman lâr tâk ber) hmang lo te pawh 'Mizo' tih chuan a huam tho kan tih tawh kha. Nagaland-ah chuan ṭawng hrang hrang 16 vel a awm a, a tam zâwk hi chu inpersan tak an ni. Chûng zingah chuan ṭawng langsar zual bik, a rama chêng 50% talin an hman tlân theih pawh a awm si lo. Chuti chung pawhin 'Naga hnam' tihah chuan lungrual takin an inchhunglût vek thei tho. Chuvangin, hnam (race/nationality) khat ni turin ṭawng pakhat chauh neih a tul ber lo. Ṭawng thuhmun hmang pawh hnam khat an ni chuang hek lo. Entir nan: Sâp/French/Spanish ṭawng hmang ṭheuh ṭheuh, hnam/ram tamtak an awm. Tin, Mizorama Nepali thenkhatte hi chuan Mizo ang chiahin Mizo ṭawng an thiam a, hei vang hian Mizo-ah inchhal ngawt se, kan pawm chuang hauh lovang. Hnam khat chu kan ṭobul, kan lan dan leh khawsak zia (culture) aṭangin kan inhre mai a ni.

Sawrkâr Policy tih danglam a ṭul:

1. Sawrkar leh mipui tam tak pawh hian politics leh rorêlna a 'minority' tih ṭawngkam an hman dân leh a awmzia hi kan hre fuh lo deuh ṭhin emaw tih tur a ni. Ṭawng naran (common parlance)-ah chuan a tlêm zawk pâwl (group) tihna a nih mai laiin, politics leh rorêlna lam ṭawng (political parlance)-ah erawhchuan 'ram khata hnam/ chi/ tlêm bak, a tam zâwk hnam/ chi aṭanga an hnam ṭobul, sakhua leh ṭawng avang-tea danglam bak' tihna a ni ber ang. Sâp ṭawng dictionary-in a hrilhfiah dan chuan, 'a small group of community in a nation, differing from others in race, religion and language etc' tih a ni. Tichuan, Mizorama Mizo hnahthlâk zangah hi chuan 'minority' an awm hran lova, 'minority problems' kan tih ang pawh hi a awm hek lo. (Chakma ho leh Nepali ho chungchâng hi chu sawi tel rih lovin).

2. Mizo khawtlang nun (society) a nawmna ber pawh hnam emaw, chi emaw avanga inthliar hranna leh inenhranna a awm lo hi a ni. Hnam ṭobul khat, sakhaw khat, ṭawng pawh ṭobul khat vek, Mizo hnahthlakte zangah hian Mizoram chhungah na nâ nâ hi chuan 'minority problem' kan nei lo tihah hian Sawrkâr leh mipui hi kan chian thar a ṭul a. Chumi hnuah chuan kan zanga ṭhenkhatin chi bing hminga 'Autonomous District Council' emaw 'Development Council' emaw an lo neih bak hi a ṭul lohzia leh, hetiang neih hi Mizo hnam pumkhatna tichhetu a nih theihzia kan hre chhuak thei ang.

3. Tichuan, Mizorama Mizo hnahthlâkte huam vek turin, 'Lushai Hills District' ni ṭhin kha 'Mizo Hills District' tihin kan thlâk tawh a; a hnu-ah 'Mizoram' tihin. Mizoram chhûnga kan vantlâng inrelbawlna (kan society)-ah 'minority problem' nei an awm lohzia kan sawi tawh bawk a. (Minority complex lo insiamchawplui tlat an awm a nih erawhchuan thu dang ni sela). Chuvangin, Mizoram chhûnga chêng, Mizo hnahthlâk ni ngei si, Mizo-a inchâl duh lo an awm a nih pawhin an thu a ni a. Mahse, hei vang ringawt hian Sawrkârin an pual bak emaw, an hamṭhatna tur bak emaw thil a ngaihtuahsak fo tur a ni chuang lovang. Minority problem awm lohna state-ah hian minority politics khelh hi tihtâwp thuai chi a ni. Mizo hnam inpumkhatna dâltu leh kan ram ṭhanmawh bâwk tur a ni. Kum 1998 vêl daih tawha CYMA thu pass ang khan, Sawrkârin chibil hminga thil a lo tih tawhte pawh hi ennawna siam ṭhat ni se a ṭha ber ang.
Lai, Mara leh Hmar-te hi Mizoram Minority an ni em?

1. He zawhna chhânna tur hi chu, a chunga kan sawi hawnna aṭang khian kan chiang tawhsa turah ngai ila. A rêng rêngah kan unau Lai leh Mara-hote hian enhran bik an hlawhin nitin khawsak kawnga harsatna (social disability) Mizoramah hian an lo nei reng em ni? An pian leh murna (ethnic origin) te a dang bikin, an mahni tribal custom leh culture-te pawh Mizoram sawrkar leh mipuite lakah vên him bak ngai a awm em ni? Chhân pawh ngai lovin kan rilru-ah a chiang mai âwm e. Anmahni rilru-ah pawh a chiang turah ngai ila. Lai-te phei hi chu Mizoramah hian a chi/ hnam ṭhahnem ber pâwl an ni a, hmun tinah an awm a, a changkâng ber pâwl pawh an ni. Sawrkârah pawh hna lian tak tak an chelh fur mai a, sawi mai sên pawh an ni lo. Mi tam zâwk chuan Lai an nih leh nih loh pawh kan hre hek lova, hriat pawh ṭul kan ti hek lo. Lai hnam Chief Secretary pahnih kan nei tawh tih pawh tam tak chuan kan hre âwm love! Mara-ho pawh hi Lai ang êm chuan insemdarh nasa lo deuh mahse, ‘minority problem’ hi an nei chuang bak lo. Chuti a nih chuan sawlai chhim lama an awm bitna deuh hmuna anmahni inrelbâwlna tur bika 'Autonomous District Council' va siam sak chu enge a ṭulna ni ang aw, ka ti rilru ṭhin!

2. Chutiang bawkin Hmar ho pawh hi Mizo hnam zanga a ṭhahnem ber pâwl an ni a; Mizoram pawh an dâp chhuak ve hle. Tute hi nge Hmar ni a, tute hi nge ni lo tih pawh kan hre hrang tawh meuh lo a ni ber. Chutih laiin Sakawrdâi lamah Hmar zanga mi tlemtê-in 'minority politics' an rawn khêl a. An hruaitute lah Mizorama Hmar-ho zangah pawh 'a ṭhi beh pha chin' a ngaih ni lêm lo ho kha, kan ram sarkarna chelhtute chuan ‘political level’-ah inbiakna (political dialogue) an han neihpui nghal mai a. 'Accord' (Inremna) hial pawh an ziah puiin, Mizoram State kan nih hnu-a chibing puala Council piang hmasa ber, 'Sinlung Development Council' chu pêk an ni leh ta zel a. Mizo hnam inpumkhatna vei tak taktute tân chuan 'a va ṭul lovin, a va han pawi tak em' tih loh theih pawh a ni lo.

3. Heng ang policy dik lo avang hian a lâwm, tun hnaiah 'Riang' (Bru) hote pawhin anmahni puala Autonomous District Council an rawn dil ve ngamna kha. Tih êm-ah chuan Hmar ho aia Mizoram neitu hi an awm chuang em ni chu aw, ka ti thin. Kan ram hruaitu lâr ber berte leh sumdawnna lama kan mi hlawhtling ber ber-te pawh hi Hmar an ni a sin. Ka hriat sual loh chuan Pachhunga & Sons te, Hrangchhuana of Hrangchhuan Pharmacy te, Pu J. Lalsangzuala te, Pu A. Thanglura te, Pu J. Malsawma te, Pu H.K. Bawihchhuaka te, Pu L.B. Thanga, IAS Rtd.te leh mi lâr leh pawimawh tam tak te hi Hmar an ni âwm a sin! Heng ka rawn sawi chhuah kher nachhan chu, a hmaa ka sawi tâk, Hmar ho hian Mizoramah leh Mizo society-ah hian harsatna bak (minority problem/ social disability) an neih loh zia tih chian leh zual nan a ni e. Tuman ngaih loh lamah lo ngai lo sela. Tin, Sinlung Development Council tih ang reng vêl hi chu Mizorama Hmar ho zinga a tam zâwk duh dân pawh a nih ka ring lo. Hmar ho zanga ram hruaitu, officer lian, mi hausa leh a ṭhi beh pha chin dangho pawh hian ngawih chuh mai lovin, an ngaihdân te pawh hi rawn sawi ve se ṭhin se a va ṭha dâwn em, ka ti rilru ṭhin. Hmar pachal leh ziaktu hmingthang, Lusei pa tam tak aia inti Mizo, Pu L. Keivom hian engtin nge a ngaih ve ang aw, ka ti rilru ṭhin!

Lalthara, IAS (Rtd)