CENTRAL SAWRKAR LEH STATE SUM LEH PAI INLAICHINNA: MIZORAM STATE DINHMUN (CENTRE – STATE FINANCIAL RELATIONS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO GOVT.OF MIZORAM)

Sawi Hawnna : India Danpui Article 280-na hmangin India President chuan Central Finance Commission hi a din thei a. Kum 1951 khan Finance Commission hmasa ber din a lo ni tawh a, kum nga (5) dan zelah Commission thar din lehzel niin, tunah hian Central Finance Commission (CFC) 15-na (15th CFC 2021-2026) kan hmang chho tan mek a ni. CFC hi a tangkaiin a pawimawh em em a,Central leh State zawng zawng te inkara sum insem dan tur zir chian te, Central sorkar in State te hnena tanpuina a pek dan tur te (Grants-in-Aid), Municipalities leh Village level thlenga sum pek dan tur leh ram sum leh pai that theih dan tur kawng hrang hrang te a duang chhuak thin a.

Chhungkua a pa berin sum leh paiah thuneihna a nei ang hian India ram ah chuan FC hian thuneih na sang tak neiin tute emaw ina khuahkhirh leh tlawn kual vel mai mai theih a nilo a ni. Hetiang a nih avang hian State hrang hrang te pawhin tihtur leh phut/bituk tamtak(Homework) an nei ve a,chungte chu FC lo awm tawh hrang hrang ah a danglam ve zel a ni. Tichuan, FC chu Central leh State sorkar te sum leh paia kan inlaichinna a min phuarkhawmtu bulpui ber tih loh theih a nilo a ni. 

15th Finance Commission leh Mizoram Sawrkar  :  A chunga kan sawi tak ang khian Finance Commission apiangin State tinte hnen ah tihtur leh tehfung pawimawh tak (Criteria) a duang chhuak thin a. 15th FC pawhin heng a hnuaia mite hi State tinte tanlakna tur Criteria a duan chhuah te chu an ni –

1.    Income Distance (45%) - A awmzia chu India ram State te zinga sum thawkchhuak tam/sang ber atanga  teh tur a ni a,kum thum chhung (2015-16 to 2017-18) a State tin ten kan sum thawhchhuah tam dan indawta chhut tur a ni. Rualkhai taka sum insem a nih theih nan State tinte mimal sum lakluh chawhruala (Per Capita Income) sum lalut tlem te hnen ah sum pek tam tur a ni.

2.    Population (15%) – Hei hi kum 2011 chhiarpui (2011 population census)behchhan tur a ni a. Mihring tam dan a zir zel in FC pawhin sum a pek tam ve deuh a ngai a ni. 

3.    Forest and Ecology (10.0%) – State zau zawng (Area) atanga ramngaw kan neih zau zawng chhut chhuah tur a ni a,ramngaw humhalh tha leh nei zau apiangin central FC atangin sum an chang tam dawn a ni.

Heta tang hian kan thingtlang Lo neih (Traditional Jhum Cultivation) bansana eizawnna kawng dang leh hlawk zawk kan ngaihtuah a tul hle tih a rawn ti chiang awm e.

4.    Tax Effort (2.5%) – Kum 2014-15 atanga 2016-17 (kum 3) chhunga State tinte chhiah lak zat atanga chhut in chhiah la/khawn tha leh tam apiangin FC atangin sum an hmu hnem mai dawn a ni.  

5.    Demographic performance (12.5%) - Mihring pung chak lutuk tur control thei State te chu nasa taka duhsak an ni thung a,mihring pun chak dan (Fertility Rate)ngun taka thlir rengin a punna rate hniam apiang nasa taka duhsak an ni thung.

Mizoram ah thung chuan kohhran hrang hrang ten mihring pung chak tur leh fa neih tam lama tan la turin kan inzirtir nasa hle mai a,hei hi kan ram economy leh sum dinhmun te thlirin thil dik ber a ni ang em tih hi ngaihtuah tham a awm a ni. Mihring tam leh tlem hian ram economic development ah kawngro a su lemlo tih hi kan hriat a tha in tuna mihring awmzat pawh hian kan taihmak leh kan system te a dik phawt chuan nasa takin hma kan sawn thei tho tih hriat a tha hle.

6.    Area (15%) – State hrang hrang te len zawng leh zau zawng a inanglo ang bawkin kan sum dawn tur pawh a inang theilo a,State lian zawk te chuan State te zawk te aiin an dawng hnem deuh nge nge a ni.

Tax Devolution – Central leh State ten chhiah atanga kan sum hmuh te hi (Gross Tax Revenue) Central sorkarin State zawng zawng te hnen ah min sem leh thin a chu chu ‘Tax Devolution’ an ti a ni. 

A chunga point hrang hrang kan tarlan te khi Central-in sum min pek tur atana tehfung (Criteria) pawimawh tak a hman te chu an lo ni ta a ni. Tin, zazelah (% or Percentage)kan tarlan khi kum 2020 – 21 chhungin Central sorkar chuan Cheng Vaibelchhia 8,55,176/- State te hnen ah pek turin a ruahman a,khing tehfung hrang hrang FC-in a duan chhuah te hmang khian State hrang hrang ten kan thawh that ang zelin sum min sem kual ta a ni. Entirnan – Income Distance chuan 45% a chang a,tichuan Cheng Vaibelchhia 8,55,176/- atanga zazela 45 chu he tehfung hmang hian State te hnenah min sem kual dawn tihna a ni. Tichuan kum 2020 – 21 chhunga Mizoramin Tax Devolution atanga kan sum hmuh/dawn chu Cheng Vaibelchhia 4,327/- a lo ni ta a ni.

Grants-in-aid – Tax Devolution baka State ten kan sum hmuhna pawimawh leh em em chu Central atanga tanpuina hrang hrang kan dawn (Grants-in-aid) hi a ni. 15th FC-in kum 2020 – 21 chhunga tanpuina Mizoram tana min ruahman sak hrang hrang te lo tarlang leh tai la –

1.    Revenue Deficit Grants – Sorkarin sum a hmuh tur zat a bituk aia a sum hmuh a lo tlem hian revenue deficit a lo awm thin a, chumi tanpui nan chuan FC-in State te hnen ah tanpuina a pe thin a chu chu Revenue Deficit Grants tih niin Post Devolution Revenue Deficit Grants an ti bawk. Heta tang hian Mizoram sorkar chuan kum kal mek 2020 – 21 chhungin Cheng Vaibelchhia 1,422/- a hmu a ni. 

2.    Grants to Rural Local Bodies – Thingtlang hmasawnna atana tanpuina turin kum 2020 – 21 chhungin Mizoram chuan Cheng Vaibelchhia 93/- lai a hmu a. Thingtlang hmasawnna tur liau liau a nih lai hian a taktakin thingtlang khua hi a thleng em tih hi Village Council tin te hian an mahni khua theuh ah enfiah nise a duhawm hle.

3.    Grants to Urban Local Bodies – Khawpui leh a chhehvel hmasawn zel nan kum 2020 – 21 chhunga FC-in Mizoram tana a ruahman chu Cheng Vaibelchhia 45/- a ni.

4.    State Disaster Response Fund (SDRF) – Khuarel chhiat rupna lo thleng thin laka invenna leh a tuartu te tanpui nan Cheng Vaibelchhia 47/- Mizoram sorkar chuan kum 2020 – 21 chhungin a dawng bawk a ni.

Engpawhnise, Central sorkar atanga Mizoram sorkarin a sum hmuhna zawng zawng te kan tarlang vek senglo ang a,khing kan han tarlan tak te khi a hlawm lian ber ber te an ni a. Kum 2020 – 21 budgeta a lan danin Mizoramin keimahni pual liau liaua kan thawhchhuah ve chu kan sum hmuh tur zawng zawng atanga chhutin zazelah 6.76 (6.76%)chauh mai niin a bak zawng chu Central atanga lo kal/kan dawn a ni a,thil zahthlak leh ngaihtuah tham tak chu a tling a ni. He kan dinhmun tak hi mithiam ten ‘CHAWMHLAWM STATE’ ti a an lo sawi fo chu a ni.

Aizawl khawpui han thlir ila concrete in ropui tak tak a khir eihuaih a,motor leh car manto changkang tak tak te a pung chakin mihring chet vel dan phung pawh a changkang hle mai. Aizawl khawpui mai nilo hmun dang pawh han thlir ila chawmhlawm state kan nih awihawmlo khawpin kan changkang a ni. Hetiang a nih laia chawmhlawm/kutdawh state kan ni reng mai hi enge a chhan ni ang le? Kutdawh leh Chawmhlawm ni tura kan inngaih tlatna hian kan tun dinhmun ah hian min awmtirin hma min sawn tir theilo niin a lang.

Aizawl khawpui leh zo khaw lam te thlir ila sum hai chhuah ve dan (resource mobilise) hi chu a awm chiang a ni. Sawrkar Department tamtak te pawh hian sum thawhchhuah tum lam aiin a awmsa hmanga hmalak ve mai mai hi an tum ni te pawhin a lang. Sawrkarna fawng vuantute lahin central atanga sum lo kal tur thlir/nghak ringawtin state budget an pharh leh ringawt dawn tih hi thil lang chiangsa a ni. Kum 2021 – 22 budget pawh hi lo thlir leh ila thil thar leh hmasawnna ruhrel siam tumna a awm leh tawp loving tih a rin theih. Tin, mahni a kan thawh chhuah ve dan tur (State’s Own Revenue) rawtna pawh a awm leh tawp lo ang tih hi thil chiangsa a ni. Tuna kan sorkar hrawn mek lakah phei hi chuan mipuite tan hmasawnna rahbi thar beisei tur a van gem em a ni.

A chunga kan han tarlan tak te khi Mizoram-in central atanga kan sum hmuhna tlangpui te a ni mai a. Tuten emaw central atanga sum sawichhuak thei ta viau anga insawi an awm a nih pawhin dawt puarpawleng a ni tih hi kan hriat a tha. Central atanga sum hi sawi chhuah theih leh in khilai mai mai theih nise chuan state lian zawk leh thil tithei,hmelhriat leh thian tha ngah zawk ten min sawi chhuah khalh vek zawk ang tih hi mipuite hian hria ila a duhawm hle.