VANAPA HUN HNUHNUNG LEH A THLÂN BIHCHIANNA: A lu nghahna leh a thlân dik tak awmna

Mizo pasalṭha chhuanvawr Vanapa (Thangzachhinga) hi mi huaisen, zaidam, tlawmngai, chanhai leh hmeithâi chhumchhiate thlavâng hauh ṭhintu, sa leh râl hmaa zam ngai lo, pa fing, lal thurâwn petu leh lal tizahawm a, lal kaihza vengtu ber a ni.

Vanapa awm tawhna khuate: 1) Zawngṭah, 2) Kelsih, 3) Hlimen, 4) Aizawl, 5) Darlawng, 6) Lamtual, 7) Saitual, 8) Puilo, 9) Vancheng, 10) Awnnu, 11) Tualte, 12) Lungdûp, 13) Champhai, 14) Kelkâng, 15) Diltlang (Kanghmun), 16) Lungfai, 17) Khuanglam.

Vanapa hi Sailo lal Lalsavunga Sailo, Vanhnuai-liana Sailo, Liankhama Sailo te hun laia an pasalṭha a ni a, a hun hnuhnung hi N. Diltlang (Kanghmun) leh Khuanglamah a hmang a. Heng lai vela a awm lai “Saithuama ram Diltlang ngeiah hian tar upa tak ni ve tawhin a thi,” tih hi Vanapa chanchin lo ziak hmasa bertu Pu Chalkhuma chuan ‘Mizo leh Vai Chanchin’ bu li-na, April 1926, Editor Makthanga – Aijal (page 92-95)-ah chiang takin a lo ziak daih tawh a. Hei hi Vanapa thih thu ziak hmasa ber a ni. Pu Chalkhuma hi hmanlai lehkhathiam, sap ṭawng leh vai ṭawng pawh thiam em em a ni a, Khawchhak Presbytery (undevided), Phuaibuang Kohhran Biak Ina neihah khan moderator a lo ni tawh nghe nghe.

Vanapa hi Hnahlan lal Saithuama Sailo ram chhung N. Diltlang rama a awm laia thi a nih avangin Tuiṭhoh kamah hian phûm nghal a ni a, a thlân lung pawh tun thlengin hmuh theihin a la awm. A thlân lung hi hmanlai pasalṭhate lungphun dan dik takin, an mi thah leh sa kahte zat chiah lo mah se, lung pakhat mai ni lo an phun tlar ṭhin a, chutiang chiah chu Tuiṭhoh kama Vanapa thlân kan hmuh hi a ni.

He thuziak nemnghehna dangte chu C. Vaninmawia, 2nd. Year BA zirlai pawhin Aizawl College Magazine 1988-1989-a Vanapa chanchin 1790’s-1870’s (page 51)-a a ziahnaah, “Champhaia an awm lai chuan Vanhnuailiana a thi a, a fapa Liankhama’n a pa a thih hnu chuan Vanapa chu Diltlangah a indanpui a, hetah ngei hian kum 1870 velah khan Vanapa chu putar takin a lo thi ve ta,” a lo ti bawk. Pu C. Vanlallawma, Hrângbana College lecturer chuan ‘Runlum’ thla tin chhuak June 1989 page 17 paragraph tawp berah, “Champhaia an awm lai hian Vanhnuailiana chu kum 1870-ah a thi ve leh a, a fapa Liankhama’n Vanapa chu Diltlangah a indanpui leh ta zel a ni. Hetihlai hian Vanapa chu kum 80 emaw lâi a ni tawh a, hrisel ṭha tak a nih avangin a la bawksawp lo viau si a ni. A thihna hmun a sawi danin Pu Chalkhuma lo ziak tawh ang tho hian hemi khua Saiṭhuama ram Diltlangah ngei hian Lalburha hrem tura vâilian 1872 hma hret khan Vanapa chu upa tak kum 82 mi vel niin a lo thi ve ta a ni,” tih thu a sawi.

’Ṭhangtharte tana thuro chhun khawm’ 1995 published by Brig. Sapliana page 72-ah pawh, “Vanapa thlan chu Hnahlan khaw thlen hma Tuiṭhoh bulah a awm a, chu chu YMA-te’n humhalhin an buaipui mek a, Hnahlan YMA-te hi an fakawm hle mai,” a lo ti a. ‘Zo nun timawitu Vanapa leh Taitesena’ by C. Hermana lehkhabu 2003-a ziah phek 65-naah pawh Mizo Academy of Letters chuan an thlakip chanchinbu, Thu leh Hla December 1999 phek 24-naah kum 1926, April thla chhuak page 95-naa ‘Mizo leh Vai Chanchinbua Pu Chalkhuma Dimphai leileta miin Vanapa chanchin a lo ziak tawh chu an chhuah thar leh a. Chutah chuan Pu Chalkhuma chuan Vanapa chu putar tawh tak niin Diltlang khuaa thiin a sawi. Heta Diltlang a tih hi Tuiṭhoh kam Diltlang ram, Hnahlan lal Saithuama Sailo ram chhung vek a ni.

Vanapa tuchhuan parukna Pu C. Ṭhasiama chuan Dt. 30, August, 2005 khan Tribal Research Institute leh Art & Culture Department buatsaihin Archive Hall, Babutlangah ‘Symposium on Vanapa leh Ropuiliani thlan’ an buatsaihah RD Minister Pu Aichhinga’n a hmanpui a. He hmunah hian Vanapa aṭanga thlah rukna Pu C. Ṭhasiama chuan thu sawiin, an pu Vanapa thlân awmna chu an pi leh pu aṭanga an lo inhrilhchhawn danah chuan Hnahlan ram Tuiṭhoh lui kamah a nih thu a sawi (Ref. Vanglaini 31st August 2005). Mizo historian lar tak Pu B. Lalthangliana pawhin Vanapa thlan awmna a ziahna ‘Zotui’ 2006 page 186 leh ‘Mizo chanchin chik taka chhuina’ (A Critical Studies in Mizo History) 2011 page 102-naah hetiang hian a ziak a: “Hetianga ngun taka kan chhuia kan zir chian hnuin Mizo pasalṭha hmingthang Vanapa thlan hi Hnahlan (N. Diltlang) rama Tuiṭhoh lui kamah a ni, ti ila pawm a nuam ber awm e,” a ti bawk.

Hetiang thuziak leh Mizo history bu hrang hrang bakah, Vanapa thlah tuchhuan rukna Pu C. Ṭhasiama te chhungkua thu inhlan chhawn (oral tradition) aṭangte hian Pu Liankhama hian Zawlnghakah hian Vanapa hi a hruai lut tawh lo tih a chiang hle. Mizo history bu hrang hrangah pawh Vanapa hi Rabung, Aiduzawl, Zawlnghak rama a kal thu leh a thih thu ziak hmuh tur pakhat mah a awm lo va, Tuiṭhoh kamah a thi a, a lu nghahna a ni a, a thlan a awm tih thu chu Mizo ziak mi rintlak historian mi 10-in Mizo history by hrang hrangah an ziak a ni.

Vanapa thlah Pi Ngochhumi leh Pu Zumura, Zawlnghaka awmte pawhin Vanapa chanchin an sawi thu a lang tawh miah lo va, chuvang chuan Vanapa hi Hnahlan lal Pu Saithuama Sailo ram N. Diltlangah ngei hian a hun tawp hmangin a thi a, Vanapa dam lai, N. Diltlang (Kanghmun)-a a awm lai hi Pi Chalzingi pa Pu Chhingzathanga leh Pu Ralthanga pa Darzakunga, Hnahlan khuaa mite hian an mit ngeiin an hmu a ni. Tuiṭhoh lui kama a thlan awmna hmun ngeiah hian phûm a ni tih hi archeological evidence chiang taka finfiah a ni.

Art & Culture department hotute’n ni 20.10.2004 khan Tuiṭhoh kama Vanapa thlan hi Hnahlan Branch YMA nen an hawng/ lai nawn leh a, Vanapa ruang zalhna ngei a ni tih chiang takin a lang. A lu awmna, a mal, a ngal, a ke awmna thla te hriat theihin a la lang a. Archeological evidence, fossil remain chiang taka hmuh theihin a awm. Ref. Video and still camera-a thlalak ni 20.10.2004-a mi chu Art & Culture Department-te’n an kawl ṭha e.

Chutihlaiin, khaw ṭhenkhatin Vanapa thlân nia an hriat an laih ve chu lei châr laih mai mai leh mitthi phumna hnuhma awm ang pawh engmah an hmu ve lo. Lung chhete dawh ve mai a ni a, Vanapa tuchhuan Pu C. Ṭhasiama sawi danin, ”Kan unau Rabung ten Vanapa thlan an tih hi chu a lu nghahna leh a thlan dik tak ni lovin, a hriatrengna lungdawh mai a ni a,Hnahlan ram Tuiṭhoh kama mi hi chu Vanapa thlan dik tak leh a lu nghahna dik tak zawk a ni.” Vanapa thlan TuiṬhoh lui kamah a awm tih thu sawitute:

1. Pu Ralngena, kum 83, Hnahlan

2. Pu Tawnliana, kum 88, Hnahlan

3. Pu Saichhama, kum 86, Hnahlan

4. Pu Saithuama Sailo, kum 62, Hnahlan lal

5. Pu Chalkunga, kum 90, Champhai Kahrawt

6. Pu Hausiama, kum 80, Champhai Kahrawt

7. Pu Kaphranga Hmar, kum 93, Ruantlang

8. Pu Thanghlira Tlau (Pabiala), kum 75, Ruantlang

9. Pu K.Rochhunga, kum 66, Ruantlang

10. Pu Vanlalnghina Sailo, kum 78, Hnahlan lal

11. Pu Vanlalzuata, MA (History), B.Ed., Lecturer, Mizo Higher Secondary School, Aizawl.

Ngopa Branch lehkha pawimawh aṭanga Vanapa thlan Hnahlan ram Tuiṭhoh kamah a awm ngei a ni tih sawitute:

1. Pu Khawvelthanga, kum 83

2. Pu JC Dailova, kum 50

3. Pu Vawkruala, kum 90

Vanapa Diltlanga a awm lai mit ngeia hmutute: Pi Chalzingi pa, Pu Chhingzathanga, Pu Ralthanga pa, Pu Darzakunga.

1. Vanapa thih thu ziak hmasa ber Pu Chalkhuma ziak Mizo leh Vai Chanchin bu 4-na April, 1926, Editor Makthanga Aijal, page 82-85 ah chiang taka ziah lan a ni.

2. Mizo History Monthly Magazine, Journal, daily newspaper-ah te hian Vanapa thlan Tuiṭhoh kama a awm thu thuziak hmun dang aiin a tam ber.

3. Vanapa thlah leh chhungte thu inhrilh chhawn (oral tradition)-ah Tuithoh kam an ti a, Tuiṭhoh kam lo hmun dangah Vanapa thlan a awm theih loh thu leh, a awm niin sawi mah se, an pawm theih loh thu an sawi.

Hetiang bawk hian Vanapa ramchhuahpui leh ṭhian ṭha Mizo pasalṭha tho Pu Tawkthiala thlah te Pu K. Rochhunga leh a fapa Pu K. Vanlalzuata, MA History, Higher Secondary School Lecturer Govt. Mizo HSS-a thawk, Champhai Ruantlang chuan, an pi leh pu aṭanga an thu inhlan chhawn danin, Vanapa hi Tuiṭhoh lui kam Hnahlan ramah a thi a, an phum nghal a, a lu nghahna dik tak leh a thlan dik tak awmna a ni. Hei hi kum 1945 Indopui II-naa Japan khawpui Hiroshima ni 6th August 1945 leh Nagasaki khawpuiah ni 9th August 1945-ah atom bomb USA-in an thlak avangin Japan sawrkar chu an tlawm ta a. An tlawm hnu khan Chin Hills-a Japan ralthuam leh bungrua an dah khhawmna Tuikhianga Japan sipai ralthuam leh bungraw kalsan la tura Mizo pa ho kalte chuan Tuiṭhoh kamah Vanapa a thi a, a thlan awmna a ni tih hriaiin Tuikhianga Japan ralthuam /bungrua la tura kalte hian kum 1945 daih khan Vanapa thlan Tuiṭhoh kama mi chu an tlawh luai luai tawh a ni.

4. A thlan lungphun hi Pasaltha Lungphun dan dik tak niin an mi kah leh sa kah zat chiah lo mahse Thlan Lung pakhat aia tam phun tlar thin a ni. 5. December ni 5, 2019 khan Vanapa tuchhuante chuan an pi leh pu aṭanga an thu inhlan chhawn dan aṭangin Tuiṭhoh kama Vanapa thlan chu an pu Vanapa thlan dik tak nia an hriat avangin a tira lung an phun bulah a nemnghehna leh hriatrengna Vanapa thlanlung an phun a, hemi ni hian Vanapa tuchhuan mi 17- an kal. Chu bakah May 1, 2026 khan Vanapa tuchhuante chuan Tuiṭhoh kama Vanapa thlan tlawhin, an nemnghehna lungphun foundation an chei ṭha a, granite an phah chhuak vek a; hemi ni hian Vanapa tuchhuan mi 30 an kal a ni. 6. Dt 20.10.2004-a Art & Culture Department hotute–Deputy Director Pu Lalchuailova leh Research Investigator Pu Lalruatfela leh, Pu C. Lalaudinga, INTACH member hovin Hnahlan Branch YMA ten Vanapa thlan chu an hai hawn lehnaah Vanapa ruang zalhna ngei a ni tih finfiah a ni; a lu, a awm, a mal, a ngal, a ke awmna thlate a la lang thei vek a. Heta ṭang hian Vanapa thlan dik tak a ni tih archeological evidence leh fossil remains aṭanga finfiah (proved)-na hmuh theih chiang takin a awm a. Hei hi video leh still camera-a lak a ni a, Art & Culture Department-ah leh Vanapa Thlan Sub-Committee, Hnahlan khua ten hmuh theihin an kawl reng a ni.

Vanapa thlan awmna dang sawi vetu kan unau Rabung khua te chuan Rabunga an pitarte thusawi, Mizo history bu khat maha chuang si lo Vanapa thlan an tih ve chu ni 08.04.1992 khan Rabung khaw mipui leh hetih hun laia Art & Culture Director Pu C. Laitanga hovin an lai a, Pu C. Laitanga an cheh hmasaktir ber a. Mahse, vanduaithlak takin Vanapa lu nghahna leh an phumna dik tak ni lo chu thûk tak thleng an laih hnu pawhin Vanapa phûmna (mihring phûmna) hnuhma pakhat mah archaeological evidence an hmu lo. Lei char laih mai a ni a, an beidawnga an chhilh leh tawp a ni. A thlan laih video pawh Hnahlan Tuiṭhoh kama laitute’n Vanapa thlan laih video engkim hmuh tur an neih lain, Rabung lam Vanapa thlan laih video hmuh tur a awm lo. Hetiang baka chiang hi history chhuina tlang aṭang chuan thu chhut dan leh chhui dan a awm thei tawh lo. Chutihlaiin, Zawlnghak Rabung lamin Pu C. Laitanga hovin an lai a, mahse, mihring phumna hnuhma fossil remains hmuh a awm ve lo a ni.

REFERENCES:

1. AIZAWL COLLEGE ANNUAL MAGAZINE 1988-1989: Vanapa Chanchin1790's-1870's, page 51 by C.Vaninmawia 2nd. Year B.A student

2. C.Thasiama, Vanapa aṭanga thlah 6-na thusawi, Vanglaini 31st. August, 2005, front page

3. MIZO CHANCHIN CHIK TAKA CHHUINA (A Critical Studies in Mizo History), page102 by B.Lalthangliana

4. MIZO LEH VAI CHANCHIN BU, Bu 4-na, April 1926 Editor: Makthanga, Aijal (page 92-95)

5. Mizo Pasaltha hmingthang VANAPA (THANGZACHHINGA) CHANCHIN LEH A THLAN by C.Lalaudinga

6. RUNLUM: thla tin chhuak, JUNE 1989, page 17 by C.Vanlallawma M.A, Lecturer, HBC

7. THANGTHARTE TANA THURO CHHUNKHAWM, 1995, published by Brig. Sapliana, page 72

8. VANAPA (THANGZACHHINGA) CHANCHIN LEH A THLAN by C.Lalaudinga page 89.

9. ZONUN TIMAWITU: VANAPA LEH TAITESENA (Vanapa thlan khawiah nge?) by C.Hermana, page 64-65

10. ZOTUI, 2006, page 186 by B.Lalthangliana

– Mordekai V. Vungliana M.A. History B.Ed. Lecturer & Chairman, Vanapa Thlan Sub-Committee, Adviser Hnahlan Welfare Committee, Hqrs.: Aizawl

- Mordekai V. Vungliana, Lecturer, MA (History), B.Ed. Chairman, Vanapa Thlan Sub-Committee, Hnahlan Welfare Committee, Aizawl Phone–9436198907, 6909140660