Sik leh sa chingpen
Mihringte chenna tlak ni turin leilung hi din a ni a, sik leh sa, thlai leh ramsa te, nunna nei leh nei lo thil dang chi hrang hrangte pawh hi nunna a awm theihna tura inngheng tawn a, inring tawn an ni a. He inrin tawnna hian khawvel sik leh sa nihphungah pawh ngawng lian tak a nei bawk. Sik leh sa danglam te, inthlak let but but te pawh hi a tuartu chu nungchi (biodiversity) hrang hrangte leh nung lo chi hrang hrangte tho hi an ni.
Leiin ni zung a dawn dan azirin khua a lumin a vawt a, ruahtui tlak dan thlengin nghawng a nei ṭhin. Leiin ni a hêl dan phung avangin ni zung a dawn dan leh dawn zat a danglam ṭhin a, chu chuan sapṭawnga ‘season’ an tih mai ‘lei hunbi’ a hring chhuak a. He lei hunbi chhungah hian khawchin awm dan phung hrang hrang a awm leh a – nipui, fûr, thlasik leh ṭhâl huna ‘khawchin’ awm dan a dang ṭhin tih hre chiangtu vek kan ni.
He lei hunbi chhunga khawchin hi sapṭawnga ‘weather’ an tih a chu a ni a. Hun rei lo te chhunga van boruaka gas chi hrang hrang inlumleh dan avanga lo awm a ni a; leia nunna nei leh nei lo te inchawhchawrawi danin (interaction) nghawng a nei lian hle bawk. Siamtuin leilung a duan lai khan engkim mai hi inbûk tawka awm tura a duan a ni a; inbûk tawk lo, intam hleih emaw a awm chuan van boruaka ‘boruak chi hrang’ inlumleh dan a lo danglam ṭhin a. Ruah a sur theih nan te, thli a tleh theih nan te, khua a khen theih nante hna a thawk ṭhin. Chu chu leilung kalphung tura siamtu duan dan a ni.
Hun rei tak chhung khawchin awm dan tlangpui hi sapṭawnga ‘climate’ an tih chu a ni a, Mizo ṭawnga ‘sik leh sa’ kan tih hi a ni mai awm e. Leilung danah khawvel sik leh sa hi a danglam hret hret reng a, mahse, nungchite tana hriat tham loh khawpa muangchanga inher a ni thung. Chutihrual chuan, khawvel sik leh sa nghawng dawt khawpa mihringte chet phung chuan a nih tur aia chaka chu sik leh sa inher dan phung chu a nawra nawrin, nungchite tan pawha tawrh loh theih loh, an nunphung nghawng lo thei loin sik leh sa a lo chingpen chho ta a ni. Hei hi tunlaia mithiamte’n an buaipui ‘climate change’ an tih, a duh fir zualte’n ‘abrupt climate change’ an tiha chu a ni.
He climate change hi ‘sik leh sa inthlak’ tiin kan sawi mai ṭhin nâin, inthlak satliah emaw, danglam satliah emaw ni lovin, a chingpen chho ta zawk a. Chuvang chuan, sSik leh sa chingpen’ tia sawi hian a awmzia a phawk chhuak zawk awm e. ‘Global warming’ tia an sawi ṭhin pawh hi climate change nghawngte zinga mi a ni.
Eng vangin nge sik leh sa a danglam?
Sik leh sa nghawngtu lian tak chu leiin ni zung a dawn dan a nih thu kan sawi tawh a. Leiin ni zung a dawn hi leilung leh tuipui leh leia thil awm chi hrang hrangte hian an lo phêt lêt ṭhin a. Chu ni zung, leilungin a phêt lêt chuan khawvel a chhuahsan daih lohna tura lo uaptu boruak chi hrang hrang ‘greenhouse gas’ (GHG) an tih mai hi atmosphere-ah a inthuahthip ṭûn bawk. Atmosphere-a leilung uaptu boruak (GHG) chi hrang hrangte hi a awm zat tur mumal taka bithliah a ni a, leia nunna a awm theihna tura leilung boruak vawng lumtu pawimawh tak a ni. Chutihrual chuan, leia mihringte khawsak phung hrang hrangte hian atmosphere-a boruak chi hrang awmte nghawng buai khawp boruak chhia a pek chhuah belhchhah reng avangin a nih tura aia chakin atmosphere-a boruak a inlumlet a, chu chuan sik leh sa a tichingpen chho ta a ni.
Hei bakah hian, lei chhunga thil chi hrang hrang – tui, tuialhthei leh mineral dangte lak chhuah nasat avangin leiin ni a hêlna kawngah hian a nihphung pangngai aiin lei hi a âwn hret hret a; chu chuan leiin ni zung a dawn dan phung a thlak nasat avangin khawvel sik leh sa hi a inthlak danglam chho zel bawk.
Khawsak phung leh sik leh sá
Khawsak awlsamna tura hmalakna hrang hrang avanga tuialhthei leh lungalhthei kan hman hi sik leh saa nghawng lian tak nei tham a lo ni ta. Lungalhthei leh tuialhthei hmanga kawlphetha siam chhuahna hmun aṭanga boruak chhia chhuak nasa hi sik leh sa chingpenna kawnga thawh hlawk tak a ni (~34%). Thil siam chhuahna hmun hrang hrangte hi boruak chhia pe chhuak tam zinga mi a ni a (~24%), tuialhthei (fossil fuel) hmang chi lirthei leh thlawhtheihna kan hman nasat tak avanga boruak chhia kan tihchhuah hi sik leh sa tichingpen nasa zualtu zinga mi a ni bawk (~16%). Heng bakah hian, a loa kan awm theih loh thlawhhma te, chenna in sakna leh hnâwmhnawkte pawh hian khawvel sik leh sa a inlumleh danah a ṭha lo zawngin nghawng a nei ve viau bawk.
Sik leh sâ chingpen leh Mizoram
India ram hi climate change avanga harsatna tuar nasa thei berte zinga ngaih a ni a, Mizoram hi climate change-in a nghawng nasat ber tur zinga mi kan ni tih an sawi ṭhin bawk. Kan thlawhhma hi ruahtuia innghat a nih vang te, kan luite pawh ruahtuia innghat a nih vangte leh kan leilung pianphung avangte hian sik leh sâ chingpenin a nghawng nat tur zinga ngaih kan ni.
Khawchin mumal lo chho zel te, khawlum chho tawlh tawlh te, thlasik rei lo chho zel te, Mizorama kan la tawn ngai loh natna kan tawng chho ve ta zel te, ran hri kan hriat ngai loh lêng chho ta zelte pawh hi sik leh sa chingpen zel vang nia ngaih a ni. Heng natna hrikte hian inthlah punga ṭâi darh thei tura sik leh sa mamawh bik an nei vek a, chutiang dinhmunah chuan Mizoram hi a ding chho ṭan tihna a ni.
Engtin nge kan invên ang
Sik leh sa tichingpen thei thil siam chhuah tlem hi a kawngpui ber chu a ni. Chumi thleng thei tur chuan mamawh tihtlem te, hman nawn theih hman nawn te, thil hluihlâwn loa thil danga hman ṭangkai te, Khuanu duan thil renchemte leh hnawmhnawk nei tlem tura thil danga siam chhuahte hi a ni. Lirthei lek chhuah tlem te, ramngaw awm sa humhalh a, a theihna lai apianga ramngaw siamte hi hmalakna hmasaa hman theih leh mahni pawha bawhzui mai theihte a ni bawk.
Mimalin lirthei kan lek chhuah tlem theihna tura vantlang hman tur lirthei (public transport) changtlung leh man man zawk buatsaih hi a pawimawh hle mai a, hei hi traffic jam tihziaawmna tur hmanraw pawimawh a ni bawk; traffic jam hi pollution tipungtu a nih avangin. Chutihrual chuan, public transport muang leh ṭawp, chuan man to bawk si a nih chhung chuan mahnia lirthei neih mai hi a hautak lo zawk a, mipui tan pawh a remchang zawk fo ṭhin. Hei erawh pollution titamtu leh sik leh sa chingpen zual zelna tura thawh hlâwk tak erawh a ni lawi si. Thuneitute’n ruahmanna ṭha zawk an siam a ṭul awm e.
Sik leh sa chingpenin mihringa harsatna a siam theih tam tak hi chu chhelna avanga tihziaawm theih thil a awm ve bawk a. Tin, insiamrem hlek a, a nghawng tihziaawm theih a awm bawk. A bikin kut hnathawk leh ni tin inhlawhfa ṭhin te tan ni sensa hnuaia thawk lova zingkar ni nêm lai leh chawhnu ni nêm hnua hnathawh mai te leh tuisik in tam te hi tawrh tihziaawm theihna a ni. Lo vah hun te, lo hâl hun siamrem te, thlai chi thlâk hun siamrem te pawh sik leh sa chingpen laka kan inven theih dan tur kawng a ni bawk awm e. Hetianga mahni lam lo insiamrem hi sapṭawng chuan ‘adaptation’ an ti.
Inspired by Nature.
For Climate. For our Future
Kumin World Environment Day (June 5) thupui hi “Inspired by Nature. For Climate. For our Future” tih a ni a. Sik leh sa chingpen chho zel avanga harsatna leh buaina awm chho mek te, kan la tawh zel turte tihziaawm a, siamṭhatna tur hi khuarel (nature)-ah hian a awm a; chu chu chhawr ṭangkai a, ngaihhlut a ṭulzia inhriat thartir hi he thupuiin a tum ber chu a ni.
Ramngawa thing leh maute hi GHG zinga huaisar ber carbon ei ral a, vawng himtu pawimawh tak a ni a. Vaukam leh tuidûm hmuna ṭo chi thing leh hnim te, tuipuisuthlah lam chi ho te hi thlipui leh tui lian te, luiin leilung a hawrh tur lo vengtu a ni bawk. Heng thing leh mau leh hnim te hi ‘leilung hausakna’ chauh ni lovin, sik leh sa chingpen leh a nghawng laka min hum theitu a ni tih kan hriat thar a pawimawh tak zet a ni.
Sik leh sa chingpen tihziaawmna tura technology-a innghah ai chuan khuarel thil awm sa hman ṭangkai thiam hi daih rei zawk tur leh him zawk tur a ni. Boruak tihthianghlimna khawl hman chuan êkchhia tam tak a nei a, thing leh mau avanga boruak thianghlim erawhin êkchhia a nei lo thung.
Mi ṭhenkhat chuan, ‘Tuna dam mekte hian kan tuchhuante hnen aṭangin kan pûk a ni,’ tiin ṭhahnemngai takin an sawi hial ṭhin. Leilung kan enkawl dan hian kan tu leh fa te khawvel hmachhawn tur a hril a ni tih ngaihtuah chunga chêt kan lak a ṭul hle. Renchem leh dimdawi taka leilung kan hman te, êkchhia nei thei technology chintâwk neia hman te, tualṭo ngaihhlutte leh khuarel vawn himte hi ṭhangtharte tana kan hnutchhiah theih thil pawimawh tak a ni.
- Dr David C Vanlalfakawma,
Dr Lalthlanchhuaha,
Dr Keshav Upadhyay,
Catherine Lalramhluni
DST-NCSTC-MZU Project,
Mizoram University