BUHFAI MAN TITOTU – B. LALCHHANZOVA

Mizote rilru puthmang hi hre ber ni hauh lo mah ila, a tam zawkte rilru hi chu a thlawna thil dawng duh reng leh midang chu lo hek pawh ni se la pawi ti lo hi kan ni tiin sawi ila dawt kan sawi hauhin a rinawm loh. Sorkar leh mipui inkarah pawh hian thil tam tak sawi tur a awm a, mipuiin sorkara kan thil beisei tam takte hi chu a thlawna thil dawn duh leh man a awm pawha a tlem thei ang bera pawisa pek theih dan kawng hi kan zawng ngar ngar a tihtheih awm e.

Chuvang chuan, sorkar hruaitute hi mipui thlan an nih angin mipui duh ang loh deuha min hruai chuan anmahni vote tlingtu mipuiin kan thlak leh mai thei tho a, kan lo thlak fo tawh ṭhin bawk a. Tunah ngei pawh beiseina sang tak kan neih vangin kum 2023 kum tawp lamah Zoram mipui min hruai turin ZPM chu kan thlang tling leh ta a nih hi. An rawn sorkar ṭan phat aṭang khan thil thlak danglam tur hi a lo tam zia kan han hre thar a, kan hruaitute pawh chuan a theih ang angin kalphung an han thlak danglam bawk a. Tihfuh tak tak a awm rualin tihfuh chiah loh pawh a awm thei bawk ang.

Supply Minister Pu B. Lalchhanzova chuan July 2024 aṭangin card var neite’n buhfai an lakna man chu Rs. 15 aṭangin Rs. 30-ah a (mimal thiltih ang maiin ‘a’ tih kan han hmang tak nain ama mimal ngaihtuah chhuah chu a ni chiah lo mai thei e) rawn ti to ta a, hei hi kum sawm nga vel lai subsidy-a kan lak ṭhin, kg khata Rs. 15-a kan lei ṭhin chu tihto a ni a, hei vang hian thla tin Rs. Nuai 525 vel sorkarin a hum theih phah dawn nia hriat a ni. March 2026 report-a kan hmuh danin Antyodaya Anna Yojana (AAY) Card Eng nei 23,364, Priority Household (PHH) Card Pawl nei 1,46,694, Non National Food Security Act (Non-NFSA) Card Var nei 65,720, Mizoram State Special Ration Package (MSSRP) Card Sen nei 18,868 te hi tuna kan Ration Card neih dan dinhmun a ni.

Hetianga mi pangngai chin, mahni pawh intodelh ve thei tura ngaih theih turin Buhfai man tihto chungchanga sorkar hmalakna kan han sawisel fo mai hi chu a zahthlak deuh tih chang ka nei a. Inchhung khur aṭangin han sawi ila: Kum 30 pelh tawh hnu pawha, harsatna kan neih vang pawh ni hran chuang lem loa, dam sen vûl reng chung si a nu leh pate thawhchhuah ringa kan la khawsa a nih chuan a zahthlak duh mai thei e. A nih loh pawhin zing kar aṭanga engmah thawh nei loa zanriah kil hreh chuang miah lo kan nih chuan kan rilru a piangsual tawh hle tihna a ni thei ang.

Chutiang sal tannaah chuan min lo chenchilh rei tawh lutuk a, ngaiah kan lo nei hman ta hial a, a pawi hle. Sorkar hi mipui vanga awm a ni a, mipui tana awm a nih ang bawkin mipui tana ṭha tur leh mipui zawh tawk tur siah chuan huaisen taka hmalakna neih hi sorkar lam pawhin an tihtur pawimawh tak a ni a, tuna Buhfai man tihto tak ngei pawh hi Card Var nei chin, mi awmthei pangnngai chinah lei zo lo kan awm kherin a rinawm loh. A aia man hniam zawka lak theihna pawh a awm reng a, chutianga man tlawm zawka lak theih reng laia man to zawk, Card Var neia min dah chhan hi rintlaka min ngaih vangah te pawh ngai ta zawk ila, thil lawmawm lama ngaih zawk tur a ni e.

Kan entawn atan pawimawh deuh chu New Zealand sorkar lo kal tawh dan hi a niin, khawnge han sawiri nawn leh ila:

Kum 1980 hma lamah khan New Zealand sorkar hruaitute chuan mipuite chu duhsakna chitin rengin a duhsak a. Sorkar inrelbawlnaah ngei pawh mipuite chuan chanvo pawimawh tak tak an neiin chhawmdawlna leh ṭanpuina chi hrang hrangte pawh a thlawna sem a ngah hle:

Hna neilo chhawmdawlna (Unemployment Benefit)

Chhungkaw ṭanpuina (Family Allowance)

Kum 60 chunglam ṭanpuina (Elder Allowance)

Zirlai ṭanpuina (Education Allowance)

Damlo ṭanpuina (Health Care)

Kum 18 chin hnuailam Sawn pawm ṭanpuina

Sumdawngtute ṭanpuina

Loneitute ṭanpuina chi hrang hrang

Ran vulhtute ṭanpuina leh a dangte

New Zealand sorkar chuan kum 1930 aṭang daih tawhin hna neilote ṭanpuina a ruahman ṭan a. Kum 1970 chho velah chuan chhan hrang hrang avangin hna nei lo an pungin sorkar chuan chung hna nei lote hamṭhatna chu ṭha lehzualin a buatsaih a. Chung zingah chuan an chhungkaw dinhmun a zirin hamṭhatna pawh an ruahman a. Hamṭhatna dawng tur chuan kum 16 aṭanga kum 65 inkar an nih a ngai bawk a. Spoon feeding kan tih ang tak tak hian sorkar chuan mipuite a enkawl a, duhsak chitin rengin a duhsak a ni.

Chutianga sorkarin a ram mipuite tana zau taka a inhawnna chuan ṭhatna tam tak thlen mahsela mipui tam zawkte erawh chuan an lo chhiatpui thung si a. A hrinchhuah ṭha lo deuh chu: Thatchhiatna leh zawmthawtna niin, thawk loa ei hmuh tumna leh duhna an thinlungah an lo nei lian telh telh a, hna thawk loin zinbo daih mahsela unemployment allowance an dawn theih tho avangin an duh dan danin an nung mai a, nuam an tawl thei reng tihna a ni ber mai. Chuvang chuan kum 1980 velah New Zealand ram chuan a lakluh aiin a hmanchhuah a tam avangin ram rethei a rawn ni tain an sum leh pai thawhchhuah aiin an ei ral a tam zawk tlat avang chuan tlakchhiat lam an pan zel a, a tawpah phei chuan sum leh pai ba tam tak neiin an lo awm ta hial a.

Kum 1984-ah inthlanpui a awm a, David Lange kaihhruai Labour Party chuan seat 56 lain vote tla zawng zawnga 42.98% hmuin hnehna an chang a. National Party chuan seat 37 la bawkin, Social Credit Party chuan seat hnih an la a, New Zealand Party chu seat lak an nei lo thung. Labour Party chuan sorkarna changin state rethei ber aṭanga MP thlan chhuah Roger Douglas, kum 46 mi chu Finance Minister a ni a. A ni chuan an ram economy policy ṭha lo tak chu a vei em em a, an ram tlakchhiat chhan pawh hmu fiahin a inhre bawk a. Tuna kan kalphung hi siamṭhat a nih vat loh chuan a aia nasa zawkin harsatna kan la tawk dawn a, siamṭhat a nih erawh chuan harsatna nasa zawk lo thleng tur hi kan pumpelh thei a ni tiin nasa taka ṭan la turin mipui hnenah a tlangau ṭhin a. A hmasa ber atan a thlawna pawisa sem chi hrang hrang: Kuthnathawktute tana thilsemte, Ṭhalai hnathawk lo hnena sum semte chu titawpin thilman khuahkhirhna (price control) pawh a hlihsak bawk a.

Chutiang bakah chuan hetiang hian sorkar chuan hmalakna a nei bawk a:

De-regulation: Sorkar chuan hnathawktu, a bik takin Industry hrang hrangah hnathawktu nghet la loin a nghet loin thawktu lak a uar ta a. Hnathawktute tan inelna leh efficiency a tipungin Finance, Telecommunication leh Transportation ang chi sector-te chu inelna nasa zawk neih theihna turin a ruahman a.

Trade Liberalization: Sorkar laipui chuan Open-Market Policy a kalpui a, tariff tihhniamin, ram dangte nena insumdawn tawnna kawng a hawng zau bawk a. An thil tharchhuahte chu ram danga thawnchhuah theih turin ram dangte ṭhianah a siam bawk a.

Privatization: Sumdawnna leh thilzawrhna mai bakah sumdawngtute rintlak an lo nih leh zual theihna atan State Owned Enterprise (SOE) te chu mimal enkawl turin a hlan a. Ruahmanna mumal tak nen sorkarin alo kalpui ṭhin tam takte chu mimal enkawl turin a hlan a ni.

Fiscal Policy: Sorkar sum hman dan enkawl a, vil turin ruahmanna thar a siam a, leiba neih tlem theihna turin ruahmanna chi hrang hrang a siam bawk. Ram mipuite chu ei leh bara intodelhna turin ram nghet neih theihna turte thil hrang hrang a ruahman thar bawk a.

Monetary Policy: Reserve Bank of New Zealand chuan inflation targeting framework a siam a, hei hian thil man nghet tak vawn reng a tum a ni. Chu chuan inflation control a pui a, economic environment nghet tak a siam bawk a.

Labour Market Reforms: Hnathawktu chi hrang hrangte tan dan siamin, hnathawhna hmun neitute (hnathawktu ruaitute) leh hnathawkte inkarah thil ṭha zawk a thlen a. Chu chuan thil siamchhuah lamah nasa takin a pui bawk a, hma an lo sawn phah bawk a ni.

Tax Reform: Chhiah pek danah thil thlak danglam an nei a, chhiah rate la tlemin chhiah lakna kawng erawh an tizau thung a. Chutianga chhiah lak dan thar chuan kawng hrang hrangah hmasawnna a thlen a ni.

Heng siamṭhatna te hi Finance Minister Roger Douglas hming chawiin “Rogernomics” an ti a. Kum 1984 aṭanga bulṭanin kum 1990 vel thleng khan nasa takin an kalpui a. Chu chuan ei leh bar lamah nasa takin siamṭhatna a thlen a, mi tam takin sawisel bawk mah se la rah ṭha tak a chhuah a, ram pumah hmasawnna a thlen a.

Hetianga sorkar tharin thil a kalpui hi ram mipuite chuan an haw em em a, nasa takin an dodal a. Kum 1990-a inthlanpui alo awm lehah chuan National Party chuan seat 67 an la a, Labour Party chuan seat 29 chauh an la a, New Labour Party chuan seat khat an la bawk a. National Party chuan hnehna an chan takah chuan sorkarna pawh a inthlak a. Sorkar tharah chuan Prime Minister chu Jim Bolger niin Finance Minister atan Ruth Richardson a ni bawk. Mipui chuan a thlawna pawisa dawn leh beiseiin tlumtea thlir takin an sorkar thar chu an thlir a. Nimahsela sorkar thar chuan mipui beisei loh ang takin sorkar hmasa kalpui dan chu rawn chhawmin anni aia nasa zawk mah chuan ruahmanna an rawn siam thar bawk a. Ruth Richardson hian kum 1990 – 1993 chhung Finance Minister niin kum 40 a nihin he nihna hi a chelh ṭan nghe nghe a.

Finance Minister thar chuan kum 18 hnuai lam sawn pai chhawmdawlna chu a ti tawp a, Tar pension dawngtu kum 60 chin tih chu kum 65-ah a tisang bawk a, Tar pension pek hi kum hnih phei chu a chawlh tir nghe nghe a. Railway hnathawktu 23,000 awm chu 5,000-ah a tihniam a, zirlaite chhawmdawlna a ti tlem bawkin medical care bill theih zat a titlem bawk a, an ram mi, ramdanga lehkha zirte chhawmdawlna pawh a ti tawp bawk a. Hetiang taka an beisei loh ang taka sorkar a kal takah chuan mipui thinrim chuan kawng an zawh a, Finance Minister limte chu an hal bawk a. Nimahsela sorkar chuan a kalphung chu thlak a tum hauh chuang lo a, khawng takin a kal zel a, an policy ngai rengin a kal zel a. Chutianga hmalakna thar chuan ram mipuite thinlungah hnathawk lo thei lo dinhmuna dahin tupawh mai chuan hnathawh a ngai a ni tih an lo hriat phah a, nasa takin mahni pumpuarna atan hna an thawk a, an thawhchhuah pawh alo pung rêng bawk a. Kuthnathawktute thlai thar chhuah chu sorkarin man man takin a leisak zel a, kuthnathawhin awmzia a awm tih a hriat avang chuan mipui phunchiar leh lungawih lo thawm pawh chu a reh ta thuai a.

Chutianga hmasawn zawnga New Zealand alo ṭhan chhoh zel takah chuan kum 1994 an thleng chauh ti-ah an economy ṭhanna chu 6.2% a rawn ni ta hial a. Hetianga sorkar hruaitute’n mipui tana ṭhahnemngai taka an thawh avang hian kum reiloteah mipuite chuan a rah an seng a, kuthnathawhin awmzia a awm bawk avang chuan vawiin thlengin New Zealand chu hmasawn zawngin a kal ta zel a, khawvel ram changkangte zingah alo invawrh kai ta a ni. Tunah chuan ram awh-awm tak a rawn ni tain kuthnathawktute zingah, a bik takin nitin ei leh bar tharchhuahna lamah ram dang aiin hma an sawn chak a, ram pawn aṭanga khualzin hip turin an ram chu an cheibawl nasa bawkin sum leh pai lakluhna ṭha takah an siam a, an ram chu ralmuang taka siamin tupawh mai chuan sual rawngbawl hman lo tur khawpin inenkawlna ṭha tak an kalpui bawk a ni.

- Mahmuaka Chhakchhuak