REV. WILLIAM WILLIAMS-A KHA MIZORAMA CHANCHIN ṬHA HRIL HMASA BER A NI EM?

Chanchin Ṭha Thlen Ni, March 15 a lo her chhuak leh dâwn ta a. Rev. William Williams-a chanchin te, a inpêkna thûkzia te leh Mizote tâna a hlutzia te sawi tûr tam tak a awm laiin, Mizorama Chanchin Ṭha hril hmasa ber a ni em tih chungchâng kan sawi dawn a ni.

Presbyterian Kohhranin a pawm dan

Rev. William Williams-a leh a thurualpuite’n March 15, 1891-a Kutbul lui chhuaha Mualvûm naupangho Chanchin Ṭha an hrilh chu Mizorama Chanchin Ṭha Thlen Ni atan a pawm a, Rev. William Williams-a hi missionary Mizoram leilung rawn rap hmasa berah a pawm bawk.

An zin chanchin Mizo ṭawnga chhuah a nih dân

Kristian Tlângau 1953 March leh April chhuakah Rev. William Williams-a leh a ṭhiante Mizorama an zin chanchin chhuah a ni a. Thuhmaah chuan, he lehkhathawn hi tun hmain Sap ṭawng emaw, Mizo ṭawng emaw pawhin a la chhuah ngai loh thu ziah a ni (Hei hi a lo dik famkim chiah lo va. Kum 1891 August thlaah Monthly Tidings chanchinbuah Sap ṭawnga lehlin, kimchang vak lo chhuah a ni a. Chhunzawm tur tih a ni nâ a, chhunzawmna hmuh tur a awm lo niin a lang). Chuti a nih chuan Kristian Tlângau-a chhuak hi Welsh ṭawng aṭanga lehlin a ni tihna a ni a. Zosâpte lo chu Welsh ṭawng aṭanga Mizo ṭawnga letling thiam an awm dawn loh avangin Rev. J.M. Lloyd-a, Editor lehlin a nih ngei a rinawm. A lehkhabu ‘History of the Church in Mizoram’ (Harvest in the Hills)-a Rev. William Williams-a thusawi a lak chhâwnte chu Welsh chanchinbu Y Cenhadwr, kum 1935 August, September leh November-a chhuah aṭanga a lehlin a ni a (J.M. Lloyd 1991, 24). Kristian Tlângau-a chhuak pawh hi hemi aṭanga a lehlin tho a nih a rinawm. Kutbul lui chhuaha Mizote an hmuh thu chu heti hian an ziak a: “Chhûn laiah chuan Mizo kan hmu tak tak ta a, kan hmuh hmasak ber ṭum a ni. Pariat, pakua lai an tling ang. Mipa naupang deuh kum 10 leh 15 inkâr vel an ni âwm e. An kawm nawm hle mai a, dârkâr hnih lai hlim takin kan inkâwm. Mizo ṭawng kan hriat chhun thu mâwl tê chu kan hmang ṭâlh ṭâlh a, an lo hre thei a, kan lâwm hle mai,” tiin (J. Lloyd 1953).

Sentence tawp ber hi Monthly Tidings-ah chuan heti hian an ziak a: “We made the best of the few Lushai words we had learnt, and rejoiced to find that they understood us,” (Williams, A visit to the Lushai Hills 1891, 160). Hei hi Pu Lalhruaitluanga Ralte chuan, “Mizo ṭawng kan hriat ang anga kan han be vel chu an hre thiam a, kan lâwm hle a ni,” tiin a let bawk (Ralte 2008, 167-168). Monthly Tidings-a a chhuah hun hi August 1891 a nih laiin, September 1891 a ti a. Hei hi Synod Executive Committee-in Rev. William Williams-a chanchin ziahna lehkhabu tê a chhuahah pawh a dik lo zui ve ta zel a ni (Committee 2013, 5).

Rev. William Williams-a Chanchin Ṭha hril hmasa bera pawm thei lo an awm

Rev. William Williams-a’n Mizorama thil a rawn tih kha Chanchin Ṭha hril a tling pha lo tia a hlutna leh pawimawhna sawi nêp tum an awm ve bawk a. Chûng mite thu leh hla chu kan chip vek sên loh avangin a langsâr deuh Rev. P.L. Lianzuala lehkhabu ‘Zofate Chanchin Ṭha Rawn Hlantute’ tih hi han thlîr zui ila.

Ani ngaihdanah chuan Rev. William Williams-a hi Mizorama Chanchin Ṭha hril hmasa ber leh missionary lo kal hmasa bera pawm tur chi a ni lo. Rev. William Williams-a zin chanchin hi ‘Y Faner Amserau Cymru’ ah May ni 1-ah chhuah a ni, a ti a. Amaherawhchu, May 1 hi chanchinbua a chhuah hun ni lovin Rev. William Williams-a’n an zin chanchin Mawphlang-a a ziah ni zawk a ni a, chanchinbua a chhuah ni hi chu June 3, 1891 zawk a ni. April 23-ah Silchar an thleng a, chuta ṭangin Sylhet-ah an kal leh a. A ṭhianpa Rev. Pengwern Jones-a a lo dam loh avangin an châm khawmuang leh a, Mawphlang a thlen hnuah a ziak ta chauh a ni. Hetih hun laia dâk kal dan ngaihtuahin June 3-a Wales rama an chhuah hman hi a rang zâwk khawp mai. Hei hi Synod Executive Committee lehkhabu tê chhuahah pawh tihsual a ni bawk (Committee 2013, 17). Chanchinbu hming pawh hi kum 1891-ah hi chuan ‘Baner ac Amserau Cymru’ tih a la ni a, kum 1972-ah ‘Y Faner ac Amserau Cymru’ tiin an thlâk chauh a ni.

Aberyswyth-a National Library of Wales Archives-a mi hai chhuakin, Welsh pastor A. Morris-a’n Sap ṭawngin a lehsak niin a sawi a. Chanchinbu hlui hai chhuak siin a chhuah hun a tisual tlat mai hi a mak angreng hle. A. Morris-a hian, “We had a very happy two hours in their company and used every Mizo word that we knew,” tiin a lehsak a; chu chu Mizo ṭawng chuan “An zingah dârkâr hnih dâwn hlim leh nuam ti takin kan awm a, Mizo ṭawng thumal kan hriat ve chhun zawng zawng pawh kan hmang fai leuh nghe nghe,” tihna a ni, a ti a. Hei hi a original a ti a. Tichuan, Kristian Tlângau-a chhuaka ‘An lo hre thei a’ tih leh Pu Lalhruaitluanga’n, ‘An hre thiam a’ tia a dah lai tak kha, Y Faner Amserau Cymru-a chhuak, a original-ah chuan a tel ve lo, a ti ta a ni. “A original document-a awm lo hi chu behchhan tlâk a tling thei lo a ni. (Tlangau bua lettu hi kan hre mai thei lo va, Thu belh a siam hi a original ‘report’-a awm lo a ni.),” a ti zui a (Lianzuala 2013, 231).

Rev. J.M. Lloyd-a’n a MTh thesis-ah “William and his party said they had a very happy two hours in their company and used every Mizo word they know,” tiin a ziak a, ‘an hre thiam’ tih lai hi hetah pawh hian a awm lo ve a ti bawk a (Lianzuala 2013, 230).

‘An hre thiam a’ tih lai chu a tel lo tak tak em ni?

Rev. P.L. Lianzuala hian ‘an hre thiama’ tih lai khi Kristian Tlângau-a chhuah lettuin ‘thu belh a siam’ niin a ngai hmiah mai a. Chuvangin, an hriat thiam miau loh chuan March 15, 1891 hi Chanchin Ṭha Thlen Nia pawm tur chi a ni lo; chu bâkah, Rev. William Williams-a kha ṭawng lettu nei mumal lovin Aizawl kulh vêlah a tâl tam a nih hmel a. Chanchin Ṭha hrila pawm tur a ni lo a ti a ni deuh ber mai a. Amaherawhchu, kum 1891 August thlaa Monthly Tidings-a chhuah tur, Welsh ṭawng aṭanga Sap ṭawnga lettu hian ‘an hre thiam a’ (they understood us) tih hi a phuah belh a rinawm loh a ni.

Rev. J.M. Lloyd-a pawh hian a thesis-ah ‘an hre thiam’ tih lai tak hi a lo ziak tel lo a nih pawhin ‘an hre thiam lo’ tih a ziak tel chuang lo va. Mizo ṭawng an hmang tih chuan ‘an hre thiam’ tih lai kha chu ziah tel ngai lova chiang saah a ngai pawh a ni mai thei e. A hma lama kan sawi tawh angin Kristian Tlângau-a chhuak lettu hi Rev. J.M. Lloyd-a bawk a nih hmêl avangin a kutchhuak pahnih hi ṭul lovah a inbuantîr mai mai niin a ngaih theih a. ‘Thu belh siam’ anga han puh ngawt phei hi chu a zia lo khawp mai.

Rev. William Williams-a’n Welsh ṭawnga Mizorama an zin chanchin a ziah aṭang ngei hian Mualvûm naupangte’n an hriat thiam leh thiam loh han en leh ta ila. Ṭawng kan thiam loh hmanga thuziah, chu ṭawng hmangtute chu thu leh hlaa an hausak chuan an ṭawng Sap ṭawnga leh chhuah nan hian khâwl thluak nei (artificial intelligence) hi a rin tlâk thawkhat hle tawh a ni.

Welsh: Yr oeddynt yn ddyddorol iawn, a threuliasom dros ddway awr hynod o hapus y neu plith. Gwnaethom bob defnydd dichonad wy o'r yehydig eiriau Lushai a wyddem, ac yr oeddym yn llawcnhau wrth ddeall eu bod hwy yn ein deal (Williams, Bryniau Lushai 1891, 4).

English: They were very interesting, and we spent over two exceptionally happy hours among them. We made every possible use of the few Lushai words that we knew, and we were delighted to realize that they understood us.

Khâwl thluak neiina a leh dan hi a dik chiah a ni tih Welsh pa ngei, Rev. Aneurin Owen (Pu Zolâwma) chuan a nem nghet bawk a. Mizo ṭawng chuan heti hian a leh theih a: ‘Kawm an nuam hle a, an bulah dârkâr hnih chuang lai hlim takin kan awm a. Lusei thumal kan hriat chhun zawng zawng hmangin kan han be vêl a, kan sawi an hre thiam tih kan hriat chuan kan lâwm hle.’ Hei hi Monthly Tidings-a chhuak te, Kristian Tlângau-a chhuakte leh Pu Lalhruaitluanga lehlin te nen pawh a inmil thlap a ni.

Hetah tak hian ‘an hre thiam’ tih hi a original-ah a awm lo a tih lai kha a awm chianzia chu a rawn lang chiang lehzual ta a. A original hi bih chiang tâwk si lovin, a original-a mi kha Kristian Tlângau-a chhuah tur lettu belh chawpah a puh ta hmiah mai tihna a nih chu.

Rev. William Williams-a zin nghawng

‘An hre thiam a’ tih lai ringhleltu hian “An thu leh hla awmzia kha a ngaithlatute khan an hre tak tak a nih chuan nghawng pawh tlêm tal chu awm ve tûrah a ngaih theih ang,” a ti zui bawk (Lianzuala 2013, 231).

Mualvûm khaw chhuakte chuan hemi ṭuma William Williams-a te thu leh hla dawngsawngtute zingah hian Kîma (Hrângkîmthanga) leh Thangvêla te chu an tel ngei niin an sawi a. Heng mite tu leh fate pawhin an pute’n Rev. William Williams-a an hmuh thu hi an inhlân chhâwng a ni. Kîma hi Mualvûm khaw per, Dârnam Venga ringtu hmasa ber a ni. Thangvêla hi a tlangval lai aṭanga kohhran bêl tlat mi, hun âwl a neih phawt chuan Bible chhiar reng mai a ni a. Hun rei tak chhung chu kohhran ziaktu a ni a, Puitling Sunday School zirtirtu leh thuhriltu a ni ṭhin bawk. A fate pahnih pawh kohhran upa an ni (Lalremmawia 2022). Chawnga, Sikulpui Headmaster pawh hi a tel ve niin an ngai a. Ani hi kum 80 a nih laia Rev. J.M. Lloyd-a’n a kawm khan, ṭum khat chu Sap, sawrkar mi ni lo chuanna lawng haw lam an hmuh thu leh chu chu April 1891 lai vel a nih thu a sawi a (J.M. Lloyd 1991, 47); a kal lam a hmuh thu erawh chu a sawi lo thung. An haw lam a hmuh thu chauh a sawi avang hian William Williams-a’n mipa naupang a biakte zingah chuan a tel lo a ni thei a; a lo tel reng ang a, an inkawm lai hian a upat tawh viau avangin kum 69 lai liam taa thil thlen dân a hre chiang tâwk tawh lo pawh a ni thei bawk. Heng mite ringtu hmasa leh rawngbâwltu ṭangkai an nih chhanah hian March 15, 1891-a an thil tawn khan awmzia a neih ve ngei a rinawm.

Hei bâkah hian Aizawla William Williams-a te thlenna, Dokhama ina lo khawsa ve Thankunga leh Thanghlianga te chu William Williams-a rawngbâwlna aṭanga ringtu nia sawi an ni bawk. William Williams-a hian a thlen inte leikapui aṭangin Vai ṭawngin (Bengali a ni ang) Pathian thu a hril ṭhin a, chu chu Dokhama’n Mizo ṭawngin a lo letling ṭhin. William Williams-a te lo thlen lai hian Thankunga chu kum 15, Hlianga chu kum 12 an ni a. Dokhama’n, “Nangni unau hi Pathian thu âwihah hming pe rawh u,” a tih chuan lâwm takin hming an pe ta a ni, an ti. Anni hian Mizorama ringtu hmasa ber niah an inngai a. Hei hi an tu leh fate leh mi dangte pawh an hrilh ṭhin dan a ni. Hlianga phei hi chu kum 1914-ah kohhran upaa nemngheh a ni nghe nghe (Lalromawia 2018).

Tlângkawmna

Rev. William Williams-a’n Mizote chanchin a hriat hnu khan a rilruah an awm ngut ngut a, Mizorama kal ngei dan kawng a zawng a. A thawhpui missionary-te hriatpuinain kâr ruk chawlh laiin, mahni insêngsovin a kal ta a. Ṭawng thiam thei mi a ni a, khati khawpa Mizote thla eng emaw ti chhûng lo vei tawh chuan a hun laia Mizo ṭawng chungchang inziahna lehkhabute pawh la khâwmin leh Mizo ṭawng thiam a hmuh theihte aṭangin a theih ang angin Mizo ṭawng a zir ve a rinawm a. A ṭhiante nen Kutbul lui chhuah an thlen khan Mizo ṭawng tlêm tlêm hman tur chu an lo hre ve tawh ngei a, chumi hmang chuan Chanchin Ṭha an hrilh a, naupangte pawhin an thusawi an lo hre thiam tih chu a chiang hle a ni.

Silchar-a missionary awm Rev. T.J. Jones-a lehkhathawn (January 17, 1894-a ziah)-ah chuan Pu Buanga leh Sap Upa te chu kum 1893 December-a Mizoram pana an kal hma chuan an bula khawsak thu leh khawlaia Chanchin Ṭha hrilnaah te pawh an puih ṭhin thu a ziak a. A ziah tel pawimawh tak mai chu, Pu Buanga te leh Rev. William Williams-a kha lehkhaa an lo indâwr tawn ṭhin thu te, Mizoramah pawh luh tlân an tum thu te leh, Rev. William Williams-a thih tâk thut avanga an thil tum a tlawlh tâk thu te a ni (Jones 1894). Heta ṭang hian Mizorama Zosap lo lût hmasate an lo inpawhzia a lang chiang a. Chuvangin, keini an rawngbâwlna zâr zotute hian an chanchin hi âwn lam nei saa chhui a, kan duh dan hawi zâwnga pawh sawih tum a, thu inchuh neih nana hmang mai lovin, thil thleng tawha a hmasa ber te, a dawttute pawh a nih dan tak pawm tlân theih mai a hi a ṭha viau âwm e.

Bibliography :

Jones, T.J. 1894. “A letter from the Reverend T.J Jones, India.” Y Cyfaill (The Friend). Vol. XXV. no. 292. April. 163-164.

Lalremmawia. 2022. “Mualvum leh a chhehvel thu ngaihnawm.” In Mualvum Chanchin, by R. Lalngura and Lalremmawia, 186-198. Aizawl: Chhâwllên Publication.

Lalromawia. 2018. “Anni hi Mizo ringtu hmasa an ni mai em? Thangkûnga leh Thanghlianga.” Vanglaini. 13 March.

Lianzuala, P.L. 2013. Zofate Chanchin Ṭha Rawn Hlantute. Second. Lunglei: Joseph Lalhimpuia.

Lloyd, J. Meirion. 1991. History of the Church in Mizoram (Harvest in the Hills). Aizawl: Synod Publication Board.

Lloyd, J.M., ed. 1953. “Rev. William Williams, Mizo Rama a lo zinna (Feb.- April, 1891).” Kristian Tlangau XLII (No. 498): 64-70.

Ralte, Lalhruaitluanga. 2008. Zoram Varṭian. Aizawl: Fineprints.

Synod Executive Committee. 2013. Rev. William Williams (Mizorama Chanchin Ṭha Thlentu Hmasa Ber). Aizawl: Synod Executive Committee.

Williams, William. 1891. “Bryniau Lushai.” Baner ac Amserau Cymru, 3 June: 3-4.

—. 1891. “A visit to the Lushai Hills.” Monthly Tidings, August: 156-160.

- Zohmangaiha