FCAA 2023 HI KAN RAMNGAW SUASAMNA TURA SIAM A NI LO

MoEFCC Guidelines dated 24.09.2024 angin international boundary km 100 huam chhunga national security project kalpuina turah forest area tihchhiat man an chawi vek dawn.

Forest (Conservation) Amendment Act, 2023 (FCAA) dodaltute’n an khel ber leh an hlauh ber chu–international border aṭanga km 100 chhunga national importance leh security atan project an lo kalpui tur chungchangah kan ramngaw humhalh, reserved forest area an tichhe vak ang tih hi a ni.

Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 hnuaiah khan project lian, ram venhimna, defence purpose tur project pawh ni se, Central sawrkarah prior approval (forest clearance) dil vek a ngai ṭhin a. FCAA 2023 hnuaiah erawh her danglamin, national security project bikah forest clearance process chhung a rei ṭhin vangin an lo ngaihhnathiam (exempt) ta a ni. National security project ni lo, hmasawnna dang hnathawh, development project dangah chuan forest clearance a ngai vek dawn tho a ni.

FCAA dodaltute hlauh em em chu

FCAA 2023 dodaltute ṭanchhan bulpui ber leh an hlauh ber nia lang chu, “FCAA kan lo pawm chuan international boundary aṭanga km 100 chhunga kan ramngaw humhalh, reserved forest area te hi central sawrkar hian min tihchhiatsak buan buan dawn a, forest clearance a ngaih tawh dawn loh avangin kan ramngawin a tuar nasa dawn a, a chereu vak dawn,” tih hi a ni. Hei hi mipui min sawiṭhaihna lai ber a ni. Linear project nena inkungkaihna nei miah lo Adani Group leh red oil palm thlenga sawi zawm tawk lah bo lo; kan inhlauhsiak luih luih a ni ber e.

Ni e, kan ramngaw, forest area te hi an tihchhiat buan buan dawn chuan kan ram tan chuan a ṭha reng reng lo. A dan ‘Act’ ngawr ngawr chhiar a, a Rules, Guidelines leh Notification chhiar tel loh chuan a hlauhawm rêng bawk a ni. Hetih lai hian, a guidelines tel lova a Act ngawr ngawr kan chhiar laia sakei anga hlauhawm kha, a kenkawh dan tur an han siam meuh chuan, ‘Uifing ang mai hlauhawm loh, a chhawr thiamte tana ṭangkai tak dan a lo ni reng zawk e’ ti tawk pawh lo awm se an demawm bik loh.

Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change (MoEFCC)-in km 100 chhunga forest ram lak dan tur guidelines a tichhuak. International boundary aṭanga km 100 chhungah defence purpose atan ram lo la dawn se engtin nge project an lo kalpui ang tih hi FCAA 2023 dodaltute hian an sawi chian fak theih loh avang hian Zeldin thubâwl nen a hlauhawm thei ang bera sawiin, ‘Mizoram hralhna a ni’ tiin Mizoram mipui an rûmṭhaih mek niin a lang.

Dan reng reng hi Parlia-ment/Legislative Assembly-a pass a nih hnuah hian Rules-in a zui nghal ṭhin a. Rules a chhuah hnuah nodal department/competent authority-in guidelines te an duang leh ṭhin a, dan chhunga inziakte chu chiang lehzuala kenkawh dan tur guidelines an chhuah leh ṭhin. Thuziak hmasa lamah, mimal ramte chu compensation pe lovin min laksak theih loh thute kan lo sawi tawh a, tunah erawh defence purpose atan ramngaw humhalh bik, reserved forest area-a hma an lo lak dan tur hi mipui nawlpui rilru kaptu a nih vangin kan thlûr bing ve thung ang.

FCAA 2023 pass a nih hnuah 29th November, 2023 khan Ministry chuan dan kenkawh dan tur Forest (Conservation) Amendment Rules, 2023 (FCA Rules 2023) a chhuah a. Chutah chuan Forest Advisory Committee din dan tur te, forest clearance pek chhuah dan tur te, etc., a chhuah a. FCA Rules, 2023 hnuaiah hian engtiangin nge km 100 huam chhung reserved forest area-a national security project an kalpui dan tur hi a chiang fekfawka tarlan a la awm loh avangin, he issue chaitute hi an chiang lo riai niin a lang.

International boundary/LOC aṭanga km 100 huam chhunga national security project atan te, security camp tur an lak dan turah te, etc.-ah hian forest clearance lak a ngai kher tawh dawn lo kan ti ṭhin. Hemi chungchang sawifiahna hi MoEFCC chuan dated 24.09.2024 khan Guidelines tichhuakin, Clarification on Guidelines notified by the Central Government on 29.11.2023 under sub-section (3) of section 1A of the Van (Sanrakshan Evam Samvardhan) Adhiniyam, 1980 – reg chu India ram pum, state leh UT zawng zawnga Addl. Chief Secretaries of Forest/Principal Secretary (Forest) te hnenah a thawn chhuak vek a ni.

Guidelines dated 24th September, 2024 hi national security project leh defence purpose atana project an lo kalpuina tura ramngaw, reserved forest area an paltlangna lai tura kalpui dan tur a ni a, dated 29th November, 2023-a Guidelines modified-na a ni bawk. FCAA dodaltute’n an duh loh lai ber Clause (a) & (c) to Sub-section (2) of Section 1A kha a ni a, khami hnuaia exemption kha an dodal lai ber a ni bawk.

Guidelines dated 24.09.2024 chhuah chhan thlir ila

Para 2(i) of Guidelines dt. 24.09.2024-ah hian Guidelines an chhuah chhan ber a lo lang nghal a, chutah chuan km 100 chhunga defence project chungchang leh exemption dang chungchang an lo tinzawn chat mai a.

“(i) The guidelines notified on 29.11.2023 are applicable on the exemption mentioned under clause (a) and clause (c) of sub-section (2) of section 1A of the Adhiniyam viz. construction of strategic linear projects of national importance and concerning national security within a distance of hundred kilometers along international borders or LoC/LAC, projects related to security related infrastructure involving forest land up to ten hectares, and defence related and public utility infrastructure involving forest land up to five hectares in Left Wing Affected District, duly notified by the Ministry of Home Affairs or Ministry of Defense of the Central Government for this purpose and proposals involving area up to 0.1 ha of forest land meant for providing connectivity to road/rail side amenities.“

Para 2(ii) of Guidelines dated 24.09.2024-ah hian defence related project, strategic importance and sensitivity kaihhnawih atana proposal te chu PARIVESH 2.0 portal-a process tur ni mah se, vantlang tana hmuh theih emaw, access theih pho chhuah tur a ni lo thung.

Guidelines dated 24.09.2024-ah reserved forest area lak dan tur a khirh hle; state thuneihna a sang hle bawk. MoEFCC-in dated 24.09.2024-a Guidelines a chhuah Para 2 hnuaiah hian defence related project, strategic importance and sensitivity kaihnawih atana forest area an lak dan tur leh dan an zawm tur hi chiang taka tarlan a ni. Forest area suasam lam reng reng a kâwk lo va, forest area humhimna khauh tak a inziak zawk. Forest clearance pe chhuak chuang lovin forest tihchhiat man hi user agency-te’n an chawi vek a ngai tho tihna a ni. Para 2 clause (iv) to (xi), Forest area an lak dan tur lai hi translate lovin a nihna ang ang hian han dah mai ila:

(iv) The land for compensating the loss of trees may be identified in the degraded forest land, revenue forest land, waste lands, double in extent to the land proposed for diversion or in non-forest land, equivalent to the forest land being diverted, as per availability on case to case basis.

(v) The Divisional Forest Officer, within a period of one month, after receiving of the proposal, shall arrange to carry out tree enumeration, prepare a scheme for compensating the loss of project affected trees in the land identified, project specific mitigation plans, if any needed, and forward the proposal to Nodal Officer, along with demand for making the payment of Net Present Value (NPV), compensatory scheme, site specific mitigation plan, soil and moisture conservation plan, etc., as the case may be.

(vi) The Nodal Officer, after receipt of the proposal from the Divisional Forest Officer and recording his observations and recommendations, shall obtain approval of the State Government/UT Administration or Principal Chief Conservator of Forests & Head of the Forest Force, as the case may be, and convey the same to the user agency within a period of one month for compliance and deposition of compensatory levies.

(vii) While according above approval, the Nodal Officer may specify conditions, as may be required based on the site-specific conditions, to compensate the loss of trees, site-specific mitigation measures and Plans to be implemented in and around the forest area applied for diversion.

(viii) The State Government, after conveying approval of the proposal to user agency, may handover the land to the user agency for undertaking the project commencement work.

(ix) The user agency, soon after receiving the approval from the Nodal Officer, within a period of one month, shall deposit the compensatory levies into the account of State CAMPA, managed by the National Authority, CAMPA.

(x) In case, the user agency fails to make payment against the demand raised as above within the stipulated time, 12% interest per month shall be levied on the amount not paid in time. However, if the user agency fails to make payment within a period of three months of approval, the State Government shall suspend the work in the forest area diverted and such proposal can be reconsidered by the State Govt/UT Administration subject to submission of a valid and cogent justification from the user agency along with admissible interest on account of delayed payment.

(xi) The Nodal Office of the State Government or Union territory Administration shall ensure monitoring of conditions and their compliances by the user agency.”

A tlangpui hrilhfiahna

MoEFCC Guidelines dated 24.09.2024-a kan hmuh ang hian, defence related project, strategic importance and sensitivity kaihhnawih atana international boundary aṭanga km 100 huam chhunga kan ramngaw, reserved forest area min lo laksak dan tur chu a chiang ta vek mai a. Min hnehchhuh buan buan dawn emaw kan tih laiin, min humhalhsak hle zawk a lo ni a. Kan state chu thuneihna sang tak pek a ni a, kan Forest Department hotute’n forest area chhe zat tur zawng zawng te, project-in a paltlang laia a khawih chhiat tur zawng zawngte an indentify vek a ngai tihna a ni.

Project proposal hmuh aṭanga thla khat chhungin reserved forest area a tihchhiat zawng zawng hlut zawngte a kaihhnawih Divisional Forest Officer (DFO)-in chhut chhuakin, Net Present Value (NPV) chawitir zat tur zawng zawng nen a buaipui fel vek a ngai. Chumi hnuah nodal officer hnenah a thlen ang a, nodal officer-in recommendation siamin state/UT government hnenah approval dawngin thla khat chhungin project thawktu tur, uger agency hnenah a hlan ang a, forest tihchhiat man, compensatory levies chawi zat tur zawng zawng a hriattir ang.

Uger agency-te hian approval an hmuh aṭangin thla khat chhungin ramngaw, forest area tihchiatna man (compensatory levies) hi state CAMPA hnenah an pe ang. Para (x)-ah hian tihian a inziak leh a; uger agency-te hian compensatory levies an pe lo a nih chuan 12% interest-in an sum chawi tur a pung ang a, approval an hmuh aṭanga thla thum chhung a an la pe lo leh zel a nih chuan an project hi state sawrkar hian a chawlhtir (suspend) thei a ni. Mahse, uger agency hian harsatna tawka chhuanlam ṭha taka insawifiahna an neih theih chuan an sum chawi tur interest leh pek tlai hremna nen an hna an chhunzawm leh thei ang. State sawrkarin project-te an monitor ang a, guidelines an zâwm nge zâwm lo an vil chhunzawm ang tih a ni.

Tlangkawmna

MoEFCC Guidelines dated 24.09.2024 han chhiar hi chuan state hian thuneihna kan nei sang hle. Km 100 chhunga kan forest, thing leh maute hi a lothlawnin a luang ral mai mai dawn lo tih a lang chiang hle. Project implement-tu turte’n ramngaw an tihchhiat man an chawi vek dawn bawk a, state CAMPA-ah ramngaw tihchhiatna man sum an chhung lut vek dawn tihna a ni. Hemi hi forest clearance diltute’n sum an chawi dan nen a danglam chuang lo.

Amaherawhchu, forest clearance anga a kal chuan process chhung a rei ṭhin avangin a kalphung an tidanglam chauh zawk a, forest clearance dila in-principle approval te, final approval process hun rei tak pumpelhna turin he national security project atan hian ramngaw tihchhiat man pek dan system an tlak a ni mai e.

He Guidelines dated 24.09.2024 hnuaiah hian ramngaw, forest area tihchiat man an chawi dan tur hi thla hnih chhunga rang taka tifel tura ruahman a ni a. Urgent matter-a rei tak forest clearance process ngai pumpelhna chauh niin, forest tihchhiat buaih buaih tumna lam a kâwk lo a, dan siamtute tum ram a ni lo a, kan himna tur security ngaihtuah chungin forest area tihchhiatna man pe veka hmalak dan rang zawk an lo zawn vang a ni mai.

Engle khawle, dan mit aṭanga thlir pawhin UT kan nih hmaa Central dan kan lo hman tawhte hnawlna atan Article 371G hi kan leklam thei ringawt lo a; Central dan kan duh loh zawngte lo hnawlna atan duh duhin kan pawt fânin kan siksawi ringawt thei lo. Article 371G huam chhunga inziak tlemte kaihhnawihah chauh kan special provision hi kan lo hmang thei.

Dan hnuaia FCAA 2023 kan hnawl theih loh piah lamah kan insawiṭhaih lai ber ramngaw min lo tihchhiatsak buan buan tura kan ngaih lah chu Guidelines dated 24.09.2024-ah hian a inpersanzia leh kan insawiṭhaihnate hi thu dik lo a nihzia a lo lang chiang leh viau bawk si a. Tuna FCAA 2023 kan chai luih luihna chhan bulpui ber chu environment humhim duhna lam ni lovin, politics inbeihna game khelhna atan kan hman vang mai mai ni tih hi hai tur a awm lo ve. Chuvangin, eng ang pawhin dodal ila, kawng te pawh zawh ila, special assembly pawh ko sa teh mah ila, kan dodal ber dan FCAA 2023 hi kan ramngaw suasamna tur dan a nih bawk si loh chuan englai chu nge kan hlauh ber chu ni ta? 

~ Lalnunmawia Pachuau