Hnam thlan ni bik lote u, tho r’u le – 2

Israel leh Palestine an indo a, Pathian hnam thlan tih tâk avanga Israel lo thlâwp ngawt ṭhinte leh mihring kan nihna pawh hmu fiah hlei thei tawh lo khawpa mahni hnam hmangaih bik uchuaktute’n (extreme nationalist) ngaihtuahna thar an hman theih beiseiin hnam thlan chungchanga a thawh 1-naa kan sawi thlen loh, a bupui ber ni lawi si Zionist political ideology lam kan hawi dawn a. Zionism leh hnam thlan theology kai kawpa khawvel tân ngaih dan hlauhawm tak a nihzia kan târ lang ang.

Aw Zion kan hre reng

Jewish historian Josephus-a sawi danin, kum CE 70-ah khan Rom lalram chuan Juda helna chu hmetmitin, Temple Pahnihna an tihchhiatsak a. Juda mi tam takin hnawhchhuah an tâwk. Judate chu khawvel ram hrang hrang Europe-ah te, North Africa-ah te leh Near East-ah te an kal darh zo ta a ni. He kal darhna hi 'Diaspora' tiin an ko.

Kum 1880 chho tir lama din Hovevei Zion (Zion hmangaihtute) hi Juda Palestine rama kir leh duhtu pawlte’n an movement siam hmasak ber a ni a. Hengho hian an tum chu Palestine ram thingtlanga khaw din leh loneih a ni. Kum 1882 khan Leon Pinkser khan ‘Auto-Emancipation’ a ziak a, chutah chuan Judate’n an ram nia an chhâl ram tiam chu ràl thlir a, insawi lungleng ringawt loin, zawi zawia pêm luh chu an hnam tâna din khaw chhuahna tur a nih thu târ lan a ni. He zawi zawia pêm luhna hian hnam pum harhna famkim a thlen theih Pinkser-a khan a ring.

Tichuan, Austrian journalist Theodor Herzl a lo chhuak a. Ani hian Zionist movement mei si, de sêt sêt chu a rawn vaw alh chho ta. Sakhuana huang chhung leh hnam thila ngaih ni ṭhin Zionism kha modern political movement-ah a chantir a ni ber mai. Kum 1896-ah Der Judenstaat (The Jewish State) tih lehkhabu a ziak a; chutah chuan, Juda an nih vang hrim hrima huatna (Antisemitism) chu Europe leh Juda lo mikhualtu ram zingah chuan a reh thei tak tak dawn lo. Chuvangin, Judate hian anmahni kut leh kea dinna tur ram (state) an mamawh a ni, tiin thu a rawn vai vir chho ṭan. Palestine, 'ram tiam Kanaan' ngei khan a suihlung a len ta em em a ni. He lehkhabu hi Zionist movement lungphum phumtu a ni kan ti thei ang. Kum 1897-ah First Zionist Congress chu Switzerland khawpui Basel-ah neih a ni ta a, he movement hi lungphum nghet tak nen a chawr chhuak ta a ni.

Zionism kan tih hi

Zionism ṭobul kan sawi aṭang khan a awmzia leh a tum pawh a chiang tho ang a. Mahse, awmze nei zawkin han thual leh ila. Zionism chu political leh national movement a ni a; a tum ber chu Judate tân ram (state) bik siam a ni. Chu ram chu “Kan thlahtute Pathianin a pek ram” an tih Palestine rama din an duh.

First Aliyah an tih aṭanga Zionist Congress neih a nih inkarah khan Juda mite chu Palestine ramah an pêm lut char char a. Anita Shapira-i lehkhabu ziah 'Israel: A History' (2012)-a kan hmuh angin loneia khawsa turin Palestine ramah khaw eng emaw zat an din. Historian Walter Laqueur-a târ lan danin, Jewish National Fund (1901) chu Judate agriculture hmanga bu an khuarna tur Palestine-a ram lei nana ruahman a ni. Heng pêm luhna bakah hian Juda extreme nationalist – firfiak pawlte chu chein, Palestine khaw ṭhenkhat chu an rûmṭhaih fo a, Palestine khaw ṭhenkhat chu lain, an luah lut peuh peuh reng. Hei hi hmuh hmaih loh a ṭha ang. Juda firfiak pawlte kha nâ tak takin an che fo mai.

A lukhâwng nei bera ngaih chu kum 1917-a Balfour Declaration (British sawrkarin Judate tân ram pek thlawpna) kha a ni. Khatih hun lai khan Palestine kha British sawrkar thununna hnuaiah a awm. Jonathan Schneer-a'n The Balfour Declaration-a a târ lan angin, WW-I hnuah Britain chuan 'League of Nations Mandate for Palestine'-ah Balfour Declaration a ziak lang. Hei hian Britain chuan Palestine ramah Judate chênna hmun siam turin official takin a thlawp tih a tichiang. Hei hian Judate chu Palestine ramah a pêm luhtir ta chur chur a, ram lei pawh a tipung nasa hle. German ramah Juda mi nuai chimih tuma beihna khan mi tam tak chu Palestine-ah an pêm luh phah niin kan hre mai thei. Mahse, kum 1933 khan Zionist Federation of Germany, Anglo-Palestine Bank (Jewish Agency thuhnuaia awm) leh Nazi te khan Haavara Agreement an lo siam reng chu niin, kum 1933 leh 1939 inkara German Juda mi 60,000 vel Palestine rama an luh theihna tura ruahmanna a ni. Britain leh international community hrang hrangte hnenah Juda mi pêm lutte tân Palestine ram chu hawn a nih theih nan nawrna a nasa bawk.

Inchemhârna chu

Indopui II-na a tawp hnu khan British sawrkar chuan Palestine ram chhuahsan a duh ta a, Juda ram (state) leh Arab ram (state) pianna tur thu leh hla pawh United Nations chuan a rel ta kha a ni a. November ni 29, 1947-a UN General Assembly Resolution 181-a târ lan a nih angin, UN Special Committee on Palestine (UNSCOP) chuan Palestine ram chu ram (state) pahniha ṭhen a rawt a, Jerusalem erawh international administration hnuaia dah turin an rawt. He rawtna hi UN-in pawmin, a thlawptu lian tak ram chu US leh USSR te an ni. Arab ramte erawh chuan he rawtna hi an pawm thei lo a, thu maia duh tawk loin Palestine ram chhung indona a thlen ta hial a nih kha. Mipui tam tak an thi a, Palestine Arab-te chu khawpui chhung ata hnawhchhuah an ni ta hial.

Kum 1948 a lo thleng a, Israel ram (state) chuan independence a puang ta rup a. US leh USSR ten Israel ram lo piang chu an pawm thu an târ lang nghal. Indona hmingthang tak pakhat a lo chhuah phah ta bawk. Arab ramte’n Israel lo piang tir chu an rûn ta nghal chiam mai a; Israel, sawrkar lian zawk thlawptu nei ta nâ chu he indonaah hian dingchang zawkah a ṭang. He hun hi Israel sawrkar lo piang tir chuan hun remchangah lain, UN-in an luah tur chin ram a pek bak chu an awp zui ta daih a ni! UN Human Rights Council phei chuan West Bank, Gaza leh East Jerusalem-a Israel policy chu Zionist ideology-in dan pêla ram a zauh chhunzawm zelna a ni, tiin a puh thlu hial. Palestinian 7,00,000 vel an raltlân a, hei hi 'Nakba' (chhiatna rapthlak) an tih tâk chu a ni. Nakba hun thim takah hian Israel sawrkain a duh tâwkin Palestinian-te a nghaisa a, khaw 500 chuang an hâl. A mi chengte ûm chhuakin, Israel sawrkarin an ram chinah a puang zui nghal. Vawiin thleng hian Palestinian mite’n ‘Pathian min pek ram’ titute avang hian khaw êng hmuh tik ni reng an nei ta lo chu a ni ber! A petu nia an chhâl an Pathian hian anni anga mihring ni ve tho Palestinian-te hi tawrhtir a phal an ring em ni aw? Palestine ramah an Pathian ringtu an awm ve nuk tho si a! Israel sawrkar awp behin an awm a, Israel sawrkar lahin duh duha lamtir a, zaitir a tum bawk nen. Vawiin buaina pawh heng zozai vang vek hi a ni a tih theih ang.

Zionist political ideology–Nationalism hri ṭha lo

Edward Said ngaihdanin, Zionism hi settler colonialism chi khat a ni. A awmzia chu, pawn lam pawl pakhat emaw, hnam pakhat emawin ram neitute nawr chhuakin, ram (state) an din hmiahna leh khawthlang lam nationalism puan sin a, mi ram an awpna a ni. Zionism hi hnam pakhat hamṭhatna tur chauh ngaihtuahna aṭanga lo chhuak a nih avangin Juda ni ve lote chu a hmelma en nghal.

Zionism hi Juda sakhua leh hnam zirtirna nen pawh a inkalh a ni tih hi Juda mi thiamte ngei pawhin an sawi uar hle. He hnam bil hmangaihna aṭanga hnam dang tel ve theih lohna (exclusive ethnic nationalism) hmanga din Israel ramin hnam chak lo zawk a rahbehna leh ṭhenawm ramte nena buaina a thlen chungchanga American-Jewish philosopher Judith Butler-i thlirnaah chuan, Zionism hian inthlauhna (inequality) a thlen a, Juda sakhua inzirtirna pawh (mi tê zawk, rethei zawk leh mi tin tan rorelna dik zirtirna Exodus leh Zawlneibua inziak) a kalh thu a sawi hial. Juda scientist ropui Albert Einstein pawh khan cultural zionism chu thlawp mah se, thuneihna sang tak neia Jewish state lo piang chu a thlawp lo, a nghawng rapthlakzia kan târ lan tawh bawk kha. Judaism ngei pawh tichhe thei ‘narrow nationalism’ lo chhuahna a nih theih thu a sawi. Kum 1946-a Anglo-American Committee hmaa Einstein-a thusawiah khan, Juda ram siam ai chuan remna zawnga khawsak hona kawngah Arab-ho nena inremna mumal tak neih a duh zawk thu pawh a sawi bawk. Einstein, Hannah Arendt, Sidney Hook leh Juda mi thiam 25 dangte’n kum 1948-a The New York Times-a thu an ziahnaah Juda terrorist Irgun (He tih hun lai hian Judate aṭangin terrorist an chhuak nual a, Palestinian lakah râwng takin an che ṭhin) leh a hruaitu, a hnua Israel Prime Minister ni ta Menachem Begin-a te chu Nazi leh Fascist pawlte nen an inan thu an sawi a; ultranationalism–hnam hmangaih bik uchuaknaah te, sakhaw thu lak sualnaahte leh chi inthliarnaahte Nazi leh Fascist pawlte nen an inkawp rem tlat chu an sawisel.

Israel Orthodox philosopher leh scientist Leibowitz-a pawh khan Zionism chu na takin a sawisel a. Israel-in Palestine a awp beh tlatna leh hnam hmangaih bik uchuakna chuan Juda hnam inzirtirna – mihring nih ngaihhlutna leh dah pawimawhna (values of humanity) leh rorelna dik (justice) ngei pawh a kalh a ni, a ti. Leibowitz-a khan ‘Judeo-Nazi’ tiin ṭawngkam a chhep hial. A ngaihdan chuan, Israel sawrkarin Palestinian ram a hnehchhuhna leh a luahna hian hmâna inngeih taka chengho ṭhin hnam pahnihte inkar a tichhhia a, mihring nihna an hriat loh phah! Heng kan târ lan aṭang hian nationalist ideology-in systemic inequality a thlen theih dan a tichiang viau mai.

Hnam thlan theology leh ringtute

Israel-te hian Kristiante lehkhabu thianghlim Bible leh an Juda sakhaw thu leh hlaa kan hmuh hnam thlan an nihna hi an chawi vâwng hle a. Palestine ram pawh Pathian malsawm ram rim nam leh Israel-te a pek nia chhâlin, Palestinian-te chu an nêk chhuak kan tih kha. Mahse, hnam thlan theology kan zir chuan, Pathianin an hnam chungnun bikna tur leh hnam chak lo zawkte a rah behna turin a thlang lo. Dik lo taka Pathian thu lak sualna rah chhuah pakhat a ni. Tin, sakhaw pakhat lehkhabua a inziah vang maiin an sakhaw ring ve lo tân leh khawvel tân thu dik leh thu tlinga pawm a harsa ang.

Hnam thlan theology hian Zo fa ringtute mai bakah khawvel hnam hrang hranga ringtute pawh a tibuai hle a. Israel leh Palestine indo chungchangah pawh ṭan loh tur tur an ṭan phah nite pawhin a lang. Hnam thlan chungchanga a thawh 1-naa kan târ lan tawh angin, Pathianin Israel hnam a thlan chhan chu Pathianin Abrahama a koh khan, “Nangmahah chuan leia hnam tin an la thawveng ang” (Gen 12: 3) tiin, Pathianin anmahni kaltlanga khawvel malsawm a, chhandamna thlen a tum vang a ni. Messia tâna kawng buatsaihna hmanrua an nih ber chu. Pathian hnam thlan nihna chu chungnun bikna aṭanga mi dangte chungtlâkna a ni lo, khawvel chhandamna tura ṭumkawng mai chauh an ni; chhandamna pawh Isuaah hmuh a ni tawh bawk.

Thawh 1-naa kan târ lan tawh angin, leilung pian tirh ata Pathianin a chatuan thil tum atana a thu thlunpuiah mihring zawng zawng a thlanna chu Isua Krista aṭangin a ni. Chu a chatuan thil tum leh a remruatna lo lan chhuahna chu Isua Krista a ni a, chumi kalkawng chu Israel hnam a thlanna hi a ni. He hnam thlan theology hrilhfiahna aṭang hian tuna hnam thlan intihna avanga Israel sawrkarin a mihringpuite nunna pawh pawisa loa a chet dan hi a dik kan ti thei em le? Bible kan chhiarna tarmit pawh hi thlak a ngai. Israel-te’n main character nih an channa tarmit aṭangin kan chhiar a, a hnam anga mi an va dote leh nunna tam tak an lakte pawh kan hmu mâm mai zel. An doate hnam kha ni ta ila, tiin mahni chanah dah ila, indona kan hmuh dante pawh a dang mahna.

Tlipna: Nationalism leh hnam thlan

Thil mak lâwr khâwm episode 3 vela tel tur nge ka hre chiah lo – nationalism kal filawrpuina leh hnam thlan nia inchhalna kal kawp fo mai hi. Bible aṭang chuan Israel-te hi chu hnam thlan an ni teh meuh mai. Mahse, hnam thlan an nih chhan kan sawi tawh aṭanga kan tehin, duh duha ram zauh a, mi awp nante leh mahni mihringpuite suat theihna licence-ah an hmang tel tlat leh ram ṭhenkhatin thiam an chan tlat mai hi chu a dik lo. Tih tak êmah chuan hnam dang hnehchhiah lo turin Pathianin a chah hial zawk a nih kha (Exo. 23:9).

Hetah tak hian Zo fate pawh kan fimkhur a ngai. Nationalism kan kalpui dan te, hnam thlan bik nia kan inngaihnate leh Pathian hming lam reng chunga hnam dangte (kan mihringpuite) chunga kan rilru put dante hi chhût nawn a ngai. Mihring kan nihna hloh ṭhak leh mihring ngaihhlutna leh dah pawimawhna theihnghilh ṭhak khawpa min chettirtu a ni ang tih a hlauhawm. Sakhaw mi kan nih hmain, hnam bil hmangaihtu kan nih hmain, mihring kan ni hmasa a ni tih hriain, hnam thlan ni bik lote u, tho r’u le. 

- Davis Hriatpuia