Mizoram ro hlu ramngaw

Mizoram hian industry lian kan nei lo a, khawvel leh state dang hriatah building, monument leh structure ropui kan nei lo. Khualzinte tana hmun tlawh tur ṭha palace leh castle kan nei lo a. Tun hnaiah skywalk kan nei thar a, amaherawhchu, India leh khawvel huapa han chhuan tham ziazâng a ni lo. Science leh technology-ah thilsiam ropui leh hmuh chhuah thar ṭha bik kan nei lo a, kan ram leilunga natural gas rawn zawngte lah an beidawng zel rih a ni. History ni se, chhuan tur leh thui tak ziah tur kan nei lo a; thil hlu, mi neih loh ang kan neih han sawi dawn ila, a vâng hle. Thil hlu kan neih leh tourism kan hîp theihna ṭha ber chu Khuanu’n min pek kan ramngaw leh nungchate hi a ni a, duat taka enkawl hi kan mawhphurhna a ni. Environment hlutna hi hmasawnna engmahin a khûm thei si lo!

Engvangin nge ramngaw chu kan ro hlu a nih? A chhan chu, a tel loin kan nung thei lo a ni. Infrastructure changtlung, building ropui, rel kawng leh highway ṭha neihte hi hmasawnna leh kan mamawh an ni a, kan siam tur pawh a ni. Amaherawhchu, a tel loin kum kha leh chen kan nung thei tho a, khang hun lai khan changkang lo deuh mah ila, boruak nuam tak hnuaiah kan khawsa a, thil hrehawm tak niin a lang lo. Rual u zawkte phei chuan an ngaih ṭhin thu an sawi ve reng a ni. Tun hnaia ramngaw kan tihchereu nasatzia hi phat rual a ni lo. ‘Sustainable development’ hming lam ri ve ṭhin mah ila, company-te highway zauhin environment a nghawng dan en hi chuan nasa takin kan nungchate ecosystem tihchhiatsak a ni. Remchanga leivung paih mai te hian lui dung environment leh luia cheng nungcha a tichhia a, an tan dam khawchhuah harsa tak a ni ṭhin. Kan kawng zauh mekin environment a nghawng dan en chuan, kan kawngte hi rei tak ṭha tur a nih laiin fûr khat pawh daih mang lo te a ni hlawm a; hengte hi a pawiin, environment humhalh duhtute rilru a tina hle a ni.

Eastern Himalaya leh Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot zinga chhiar tel kan ni a, kan ramngaw leh nungcha ṭhenkhat phei hi chu khawvel hmun danga hmuh ve lote a ni hlawm. Suasam aiin humhalh an mamawh a ni. Kan lo neih dan kalphung (shifting cultivation) hi en nawn a ngai a, tih dan ṭha zawk, ram hâl lo zawnga lo neih dan kan zawn a ṭul tawh tak zet a. Heti a nih reng chuan ramngaw ṭha kan tichereu zel a, thing leh maua carbon inkhawl kan hâl a, kan chhehvelah boruak ṭha lo kan tichhuak a ni. Khawvel sik leh sa, lum leh vawt mumal loh chhan ‘Global warming’ chu kan tipunlun zual sauh a. Bawlhhlawh leh hnah ro, kan hâl ṭhin hi ngaihtuah chian a ngai hle. Tunah tuar nghal mai lo mah ila, khuareiah keimahni tan harsatna min siamtu tur a ni. Mihringin kan nun leh dam khawchhuah zel nan boruak ṭha leh environment ṭha kan mamawh tih hi i hre thar leh ang u.

Thing leh maute hi tuihna leh boruak ṭha min petu a ni a; Mizoram tan chuan kan ruhrel pawimawh tak leh nunna hnar chu kan thing leh maute hi a ni awm e. India ram zingah forest nei zau ber pawl kan ni a, kan ram zau zawng 84.53% hi forest anga chhût a ni (FSI, 2021). Mizoram, Nagaland leh Tripura te hi forest nei ṭha zinga sawi ni mah ila, state ṭhenkhat aiin dense forest tak erawh kan nei chhe hl. Mizoramah ngaw ṭha hmuh tur a vâng tial tial a, district ṭhenkhatah phei chuan ngaw ṭha (dense forest) hmuh tur a awm ta mang lo. Tin, North East state ho zingah pawh ngaw ṭha (very dense forest) nei tlem ber pawl kan ni a, chuvangin, kan ramngaw humhalh kawngah ṭan lak a ṭul hle a ni. Kan ram zau zawng 0.74% chauh ngaw ṭha (very dense forest) kan nei mek (ISFR 2021).

Chhuan tur kan neih chhun, kan ramngaw chu tunah hian suasamin a awm mek. Tuna ramngaw kan suamsam hi chawp leh chilhin kan tuar dawn lo a, kum 5-10 hnuah a effect a rawn lang chho ṭan ṭhin. Hun ṭha kan la neih lai leh a pawi thui tak tak hma hian kan ṭhanharh a hun hle. Environment tichhe zawnga mimal ṭhenkhat hnathawh hi nakina ram anga kan la tawrhho turte a ni.

Tun hnaia ramngaw kan tihchereute’n nakin zela a nghawng tur leh tuna a nghawng mek ṭhenkhatte han tarlang ila.

Lui tui tlem: Fûr laiin kan luiah tui tam angin lang ṭhin mah se, fur an pêl chho a, ṭhâl a inṭan titih chuan kan luite chu a kang a ni nghal deuh mai. Tin, kan lui tuite hi a kum têlin a kâm telh telh emaw tih tur a ni. He hian kan tui hnar ber chu fûr ruah tui ringawt a nih lohzia a tilang chiang hle awm e. Kan lui tui hnar ber pakhat chu ngaw aṭanga kan tuihna hmuh, leia inchhep groundwater a ni. Heti anga ramngaw kan nei lo chho a nih zel chuan rei lo têah mihringte’n tui kan khamkhawp kan hmu lo thuai dawn a ni. Tin, tun hnaia kan duhna hmuna lei kan verh maite hi control a nih loh chuan, khuareiah kan lui leh tuihna a la nghawng ngei ang.

Luia nungcha a nghawng: Leivung mumal lo taka paih hian luia chengte a nghawng a, bottle leh bawlhhlawh kan paih pawh hian nasa takin a tibuai bawk. Tûr leh damdawi hmanga lui tui tihbawlhhlawh hi a pawi a, lui sa ei mihringte taksaah pawh nghawng ṭha lo tak a nei thei. Kan tihbawlhhlawh luite hi mihringin kan tui tlante a ni leh ṭhin si a, chuvangin, kan bawlhhlawh paih kan fimkhur a ṭul hle. Kan lui tui tlan a fuh loh chuan natna ṭha lo tak tak leh cancer hial pawh a thleng thei a ni. Leivung paih hian tui a tihnut nasat bakah, luiah dûm a siam a, balu lak harsatna a thlen a, fûrah nasa takin lui a tilian a, ṭhálah nasa takin a tikang bawk.

Sik leh sa mumal lo: Ruahtui tlakin hunbi a nei lo tial tial a, ruahtui tam lutuk emaw, tlem lutuk emaw tuar thei reng dinhmunah kan ding mek a ni. Heng sik leh sa mumal lo hian nasa takin thlai thar a nghawng bawk. Boruak lum chak lutuk pawh hai rual a ni lo a, air condition (AC) pawh a lar chho ta viau rêng a ni. Amaherawhchu, AC hian in chhunga boruak lum chu pawn lamah paih chhuakin, boruak vawtin a thlak a, hei vang hian in chhung vawng dai mah se, pawn boruak a tihlum zual phah ṭhin a ni. Thing leh mau tlemna hmunah chuan vansang boruakah tui hù a tlem a, chuvangin, ruahtui tla a tlem phah ṭhin.

Boruak bawlhhlawh: Thing hian boruaka carbon dioxide chu ama chaw siam nan a hmang a, chuvangin carbon tam tak amahah a awm a, a kum a tam leh carbon a ngah tihna a ni. Thing leh mau kan hâl hian boruak tiṭha lotu carbon chu khu chhuakin, kan boruak chu nasa takin a lo bawlhhlawh ṭhin. Thing leh mau hâl bakah kawng sira hnah ro hâl pawh hian boruak ṭha lo a pe chhuak a; sarâng leh bawlhhlawh dang kan hâl te, motor aṭanga khu ṭha lo chhuakte avang hian kan boruak nasa takin a bawlhhlawh thei bawk. Kan ram khawpui ber Delhi pawh changkanna avangin AQI (boruak bawlhhlawh tehna)-ah a sang thei hle a, thâwk lama harsatna nei tan phei chuan páwnchhuah ngam loh khawpin a bawlhhlawh ṭhin. Zirchianna tam takah chuan, boruak bawlhhlawh hian heart attack case a titam niin sawi a ni bawk. Ram changkang lo apiang hian boruak bawlhhlawh kan control zo lo emaw tih mai tur a ni a, Pakistan khawpui Lahore pawh hi boruak bawlhhlawh ber pawla sawi mek a ni.

Khing kan sawi bakah khian lei (soil) kan tihbawlhhlawh vanga thlai thar mumal lo te, thlai ei vanga natna awm thei te, tui bawlhhlawh te, chhiatna lo thlengte leh thil dang tam tak sawi tur a la awm ṭeuh mai. A pawimawh ber erawh mihringte’n chet kan lak a, Khuannu’n min pek thing leh mau, thlai, nungcha, lui te humhalh kawngah ṭan lak thar a hun hle. Mi tin kan pawimawh tih hriain kan ramngaw humhim kawnga kan ṭhanharh chuan kan ram hi ram nuam a ni chho reng dawn a ni.

Tourism hîp theihna kan neih ṭhat ber chu ramngaw leh boruak ṭha

Tourist hîp theihna ṭha kan neih chu kan ramngawte hi a ni. Thil tihdanglam loh, natural-a a awm hi ram changkanga mite rawn hmuh châk a ni ṭhin. Sapram aṭanga lo kalte hian kan building changkang tak tak an hmu châk lo a, an duh ber chu Khuannu’n a duan rawn hmuh te, kan culture leh tradition rawn chhimte hi a ni. Chutiang chiahin state dang vaiho tena Mizoram an rawn tlawh chhan tam ber chu boruak nawm vang te, ramngaw an hmuh duh vangte a ni ṭhin.

Kan hmun nuam leh Khuanu’n danglam taka a duante hi khawih danglam lo ila, a mawina hi ram dang mi hîp nan hmang thei ila, a va ṭha dawn em! Eng emaw han sak belh te, han siam belh emawte hian a hmuna cheng kan nungchate a tirálṭí a, a hmun danglamna, mawina leh hlutnat, a tinêp zawk ṭhin. Ram dang miin, “Mizoram chu boruak a nuam a, kawng sir tin maiah thing leh mau a awm a, nungcha leh sava hrang hrangte hnai têah hmuh tur an awm a, an luite lah a la thianghlim si,” tiin an sawi fo ṭhin a. Chuvangin, tun dinhmuna kan ram ro hlu neih pawimawh ber chu ramngaw leh nungchate an ni a, humhalh kawngah ṭan i la lehzual ang u.

- Dr. Lalawmpuia