AFRICAN SWINE FEVER

Natna huatthlalaawm tak, vawk tam tak nunna suattu, inkai chhawn awlsam bawk si African Swine Fever lo thlirho dawn ila. He natna hi vawk leh sanghal ten an vei thei a, virus-in a thlen, natna inkai chhawn awlsam tak, thisen zâm tichhe thei a ni. A natna lan chhuah dan hi Classical Swine Fever nen a inan em avangin hriat pawlh pawh a awl hle. Vawk leh sanghal ten an thihpui tlangpui a; enkawlna tur damdawi leh vaccine siam chhuah a la ni lo va, mihring leh ran dangin an kai thei lo.

ASF hi Africa ram Kenya-ah kum 1921 khan hmuh chhuah a ni a, kum 2007 khan he virus hi Africa ram aṭangin Georgia-ah a lut a, chuta ṭang chuan Russia, Asia, China leh America ramahte a lut. Mizorama ASF case record hmasa ber chu kum 2021 March thlaah a ni. Saphihrik ten he virus hi keng kualin boruakah rei tak a dam thei. Vawk tam tak in an thihpui a, khawvel huapa vawk industry liante paw’n kawng hrang hrangin an tawrh phah a ni.

ASF chu engin nge thlen?

Virus chi khat Asfivirus-in a thlen a, he virus hi Asfarviridae family hnuaia mi a ni.

Engtin nge natna a thlen?

Virus-te hi tonsil leh lymph node-ah an inthlah pung a, chuta ṭang chuan thisen zâmah lutin taksa pêng hrang hrangah an kal a, tam taka inthlah pungin natna an thlen ta ṭhin a ni.

He virus hi vawk damlo zun leh ek leh taksa dang aṭanga tuihnâng chhuakah a awm ṭhin a; vawk taksaah a inup a, tam takin an inthlah pung a, natna an thlen ta ṭhin a ni. Vawk damlo aṭanga vawk hriselin an kaiin virus chu ni 5 – 21 chhung a inup a, saphihrik seh aṭangin a nih chuan ni 5 chhung chauh virus a inup ṭhin.

ASF inkai chhâwn dan?

ASF virus-te hi hmun vawt tak leh pH range engzatah pawh an dam thei a, room temperature 37°C aṭanga 4°C ah pawh natna thlen thei khawpa chakin thla tam tak chhung a la dam thei. Virus hi vawk damlo zun leh ek leh taksa dang aṭanga thil chhuakahte a awm ṭhin. Hrik chi khat, Ornithodoros species te hi he virus keng kualtu/pu darhtu a ni. Heng virus pai hrikte hian vawk hrisel ṭha takte chu an seh a, virus chu an kai chhâwng ta ṭhin a, vawk chu dah hran vat loh a nih chuan vawk dangin an kai thei a ni.

A tlangpuiin vawkte hian (direct contact) vawk damlo nena taksa insîk aṭangte leh chaw thianghlim lo emaw, hmin ṭha tawk lo emaw pek aṭang te, vawk sa emaw, vawk sa aṭanga thil dang siam (processed meat), thianghlim lo leh sawngbawl ṭhat tawk loh ei aṭangin an kai thei.

ASF hi ran damlo nena awm dunna aṭangin awlsam takin a kai theih a, he natna vei ran damlo mit, hnar leh ká aṭanga tuihnâng chhuak te, zun leh ekah te natna hrik chu lo chhuakin, vawk dangin an kai thei a ni. Natna hrikin a tihbawlhhlawh ran chaw ei aṭang leh, vawk leh vawk damlo sa aṭanga siam (processed meat) aṭangin an kai thei a; ran damlo enkawltu hmanrua leh thawmhnaw aṭangin inkai chhâwn theih a ni bawk.

Natna lan chhuah dan?

ASF hi chi 4-in a lang chhuak thei.

1. Per acute form: Khawsik sang tak 105°C–107°C an nei a, an thi thut a nih loh pawhin ni 1-3 chhungin an thi mai ṭhin.

2. Acute form: Khawsik sang tak an nei a, an beng, mei, âwm leh dul vel a sen duk a, ni 6-9 chhungin an thi ṭhin.

3. Sub acute form: Khawsik sang vak lo neiin an vun a lo sen duk a, ni 15-45 chhungin an thi thei; 30-70% velin an thihpui a, dam chhuahna chance nei an awm ve tihna a ni.

4. Chronic form: 30% aia tlemin an thihpui. A chângin khawsik sang tak neiin, hritlang leh thaw-hah, vun pán, ruh chuktuah ná, thisen zám chat vanga sen leh vûngin an lang chhuak ṭhin. Vawk chuan khawsik sang tak (42°C / 107.6°F thleng) an nei a, an chau em em a, an chaw ei a tui lo a, an kua a ṭha lo a; chumi hnu rei vak lovah an thi mai ṭhin.

A lan chhuah dan azirin vawk, hri kaite chu an dam chhuak thei a, hri kai zaa zain an thihpui thei bawk. Virus hian thisen zám a tihchhiat avangin vawk thite chu doctor enpuina hnuaia postmortem a nih chuan an lymph node, kal (kidney) leh lung (heart)-ah thisen hmuh tur a awm a, an lã (spleen)-te vúngin, awlsam takin a tihkeh / tihsawm theih a ni.

ASF hriat chhuah dan?

Natna lan chhuah dan kan sawi takte aṭang khian lo enfiah tur a ni a, CSF aṭanga kan hriat hran theih nan mi thiamte râwn a, laboratory-ah enfiahtir vat tur a ni. A natna lan chhuah dan hi vawk natna dang–Erysipelas, Acute Salmonellosis leh Classical Swine Fever te nen a inang em em. Kan vawk te an dam loh a, an beng leh hnâr te a sen a, an beng leh mawng aṭangtea thisen a chhuah bawk a, an thihpui a nih chuan ASF a ni thei tih hriain, mi thiamte râwn a, a rang lama hmalak nghal vat tur a ni.

ASF laka inven dan tur?

Choka ningnawi hi minute 20 tal vawk pek hmain kan chhuang so tur a ni a, vawksa them leh a silna tui vawk kan pe tur a ni lo. Kan ran in leh a chhehvelte chu disinfectant (damdawi) hmanga sil fai fo tur a ni a, ui, zawhtê, ar leh sava luh theih loh tura hung that tur a ni. Ran in luhna kawngkaah pheikhawk chiahna tur foot dip/ damdawi tui dah tur a ni a, ran inah pawn lam mi, a bik takin vawk vulha ei zawngte luh tir loh tur a ni. A theih phei chuan ran ina hak tur thawmhnaw leh pheikhawk hran neih tur a ni.

Ran damlo leh thi tawh sa reng reng ei tura talh leh sawngbawl loh tur. ASF avanga vawk thite chu an chaw ei bâng nena hâl ral emaw, thûk takah phûm emaw tur a ni a; khâmah leh kawrah paih mai loh tur a ni a, ramsa dangin an put darhin hri an thehdarh thei a ni. Vawk chaw pekna hmanrua leh an mutnate chu damdawi hmanga tihthianghlim vek tur a ni bawk.

ASF vanga vawk thi leh suat ngai reng reng chu veterinary dispensary/RAH centre hnai berah report thuai tur a ni. Vawk damlo chu dah hran vat tur a ni a, an zun leh ekah natna hrik a awm theih avangin damdawi hmangin vawk in tihthianghlim nghal tur a ni. Hmun dang aṭanga ran lak luh tharte hi natna thehdarhtu an nih theih avangin ni 30 tal dah hran tur. Kan ran vulhte uluk taka chîk a, natna lan chhuah dan ka rawn tarlan takte anga kan ran vulhah a lang chhuak a nih chuan a rang lama doctor ràwn vat tur a ni. Rang taka natna hriat chhuah hi a hun taka inven nan a pawimawh em em a ni.

- Jasleen N.Varangia, BVSc&AH, College of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry , CAU, Selesih, Aizawl, Mizoram