Chhâwng hnawh nge chhâwng hnawt

Naupan lai aṭanga zirlaibua kan lo zir ṭhin ‘chhâwng hnawt’ tih chu tun hnaiah ‘chhâwng hnawh tih zawk tur a ni’ ti zawnga sawi leh ziah a awm ta zeuh zeuh va. Kumin 2025 Chapchar Kût hmanna pui ber Aizawlah pawh announcer-te khan ‘chhâwng hnawh’ tih hlirin an hmang a, DDK lama live commentary-ah pawh ‘chhâwng hnawh’ tih an hmang a; Art & Culture Department lam (ni maw)-in programme sheet an siamah pawh ‘chhawnghnawh’ tia hman a ni. Hemi chungchangah hian ngaihtuahna han sên zau hlek ṭhaa hriatna a awm a, tlemin han chhui zau dawn chhin ila.

Chhâwng hnawh chungchang

Mizo culture leh ṭawng hria Pu C. Vanlallawma chuan, “Chhawnghnawh tih awmzia hi, Pu Thanga leh Pu Zawla ten an sawi angin, neih vûm rei rui, ding êr ûr, chhâwng êrh ûrh mi kâa hnawh tihna a nih hmel a. Hei hi a dik chuan hmanlai aṭanga ‘chhawng an hnawt’ an tih fo kha an lo tisual a ni thei ang. Lusei ṭawngah ‘hnawh’ hi eng grammar context-ah mah ‘hnawt’ tia modify theih a ni lo. Hnawh chu hnawh a ni reng. Chu vangin ‘chhâwng an hnawt’ ti lovin, ‘chhâwng an hnawh’ tih hi a dik dan a ni ang,” tiin a ziak a (Hringlang Tlang, p.567).

Mizo Department, Mizoram University-a zirtirtu, hetiang lama kan râwn kumkhua ṭhin Pu Lalsangzuala pawhin, “Chhâwng an hnawt ni lovin chhâwng hi an hnawh zawk a ni. A hnawta hnawt lam ni lovin, a hnawhin an hnawh zawk. Ei tur an neih chhâwng êr ûr kha artui te, sa te, ei tur tui tinreng kha a hmin sain an keng a, chu chu ṭhiante káah an hnawh hawng hawng a, chu chu chhâwng hnawh an ti,” tiin a sawi bawk. Hetiang deuh hian Pu C. Chhuanvawra pawhin a lo ziak bawk.

Chhâwng hnawh leh chhâwng hnawt hmang kawpte

Mizo history ziak hmasate zinga mi Pu K. Zawla hian ‘Mizo Pi Pute leh an thlahte chanchin’ ah chuan ‘lungdawhah chhâwng an hnawt’ tia a hman hnuah, ‘lungdawha chhâwng an hnawh zawh chuan...’ tiin a hmang a (5th ed. 2011, pg. 62). 1st Edition hi kum 1964-a chhuah a ni tawh. Hetah hian ‘hnawh’ a hman chhan chu ‘hnawt’ modify-na a ni. Kum 1966-a chhuak Pu Zatluanga lehkhabu ‘Mizo Chanchin’-ah pawh hman pawlh a ni a (p. 27-28), hman pawlh a nihna hi ‘hnawt’ modify nana ‘hnawh’ a hman vang a ni ber (ka lehkhabu hman lai hi 1996-a chhut nawn kha a ni). Chutiang bawkin Rev. Liangkhaia pawhin ‘Mizo Awmdan Hlui’ (1971)-ah a hman pawlh bawk a, mi dang hman ang thovin ‘hnawt’ modify nan ‘hnawh’ a hmang ve bawk (p.85).

Pu James Dokhuma pawhin a lehkhabu ‘Mizo Kalphung’ ah ‘chhâwng hnawt’ leh ‘chhâwng hnawh’ hi a hman pawlh a, ‘hnawh’ hi ‘hnawt’ modify nan a hmang niin a lang (2nd ed. p.106-107). Mizo historian Pu B. Lalthangliana pawhin ‘Mizo Culture’ bu-ah ‘chhâwng hnawt’ leh ‘chhâwng hnawh’ hi hman pawlhin, ‘hnawt’ modify nan ‘hnawh’ a hmang zawk chauhvin a lang (pg. 66, 67).

Chhâwng hnawt chungchang

Mizo ṭawng dik zawk inhnial a awm changa kan râwn hmasak ber ṭhin chu Pu Buanga Dictionary-ah engtin nge a awm, tih hi a ni. ‘A Grammar and Dictionary of the Lushai Language (Dulien Dialect)’ tih hi J. Herbert Lorrain leh Fred. W. Savidge (Pu Buanga leh Sap Upa) te buatsaih niin, 1898 khan tihchhuah a ni. Chumi buah chuan, ‘chhawng hnot’ tia dah a ni a, ‘the name of a feast, (v.) to keep the above feast’ tiin a hrilh fiah (p.70). A thumal ṭobul leh lo chhuah dan (etymology) ni lovin a awmzia (definition) hrilh fiahna chiah kan hmu.

Kum 1980-a tihchhuah ‘Mizo Ṭawng Upa Dictionary’, F. Ropianga ziahah chuan ‘chhawng hnawt (v)’ tiin a tar lang a. ‘Kût laia kawtchhuaha naupang leh tleirawlho chaw leh artui ṭhiante barhtu nih ṭheuh tuma inûm (inhnawt) chhâwnga an tih ṭhin ruai ṭheh hming hi a ni,” tiin a hrilh fiah (28). Hetah hian a thumal lo chhuah dan nia lang hmuh tur a awm ve ta thung.

Chhâwng hnawh nge chhâwng hnawt?

Pu C. Vanlallawma hian ‘chhawng hnawh’ a nih theih dan, rin thu deuhvin a ziak niin a lang a (ref. ‘tihna a nih hmel a’). A rin dan hi ni tura ngaiin, ‘hnawh’ hi eng grammar context-ah mah ‘hnawt’ tia modify theih a ni lo’ tiin a ziak bawk. Hei hi a dik a, ‘hnawh’ modify nan ‘hnawt’ hi an hmang ngai lo reng a; ‘hnawt’ modify nan ‘hnawh’ kan hmang ṭhin zawk a ni. Chu chu Mizo history leh culture lam ziak hmasate’n an lo ziah dan pawh a ni. Ngun taka ngaihtuahna kan sên chuan, ‘chhâwng hnawh’ leh ‘chhawng hnawt’ hmang kawpte leh ‘chhâwng hnawt’ tih chauh hmangte hi ṭanhmun khatah an ṭang a tih theih ang.

(A bik takin) Mizo history/culture chungchang ziaktute hian mi thil hre zawk leh kum upate kâwma ziak an ni ṭhin a. Pu Buanga Dictionary-a kan hmuhte pawh khatih hun laia Mizote ṭawng thumal a hriatte a lak khawm a ni. Chuvangin, ‘chhâwng hnawt’ tih hi tun hnai thil a ni lo tih chiang takin a hriat theih a, a dik lo ve, an lo tisual a ni, tia sira hnâwl ngawt theih a ni lo vang. ‘Chhâwng hnawh tih zawk tur’ tia ‘chhâwng hnawt’ dik lova ngaihna phei chu kum zabi 20-na chawhnu lama lo chhuak chauh niin a lang.

Hengte avang hian ‘chhâwng hnawt’ tibova ‘chhâwng hnawh’ tih tak vek mai hi a fel zân lovin a lang a; ‘chhâwng hnawt’ etymology hi chiang faka hriat theih ni lo mah se, pi pu chena an lo hman zawk hi ‘hnawt’ nia a lan tlat avangin hnâwl mai chi a ni lo vang a, ‘chhâwng hnawt’ modification form-a ‘chhâwng hnawh’ an hmangte erawh chu a la pawm theih viau zawk ang. Kan thu khârna atana Liandala’n kum 1940-41 vela a phuah ‘Pi Pu Chhuah Tlang’ hla châng thumna han dah ila.

Lêngin chhâwng an hnawt, chûn hraileng nen,

Sa leh buhchangrum, bawhár tui nen;

Zua tin an hlim vangkhawpui an lâwm,

Tlai ni nêm duai lênkâwl thiang karah hian. 

- TS Khupchong