Uleuh
Mizo thawnthu, Thangsira leh Thangzaia thawnthuah chuan van lama awm unau nula hmelṭha Lasiri leh Lasari te an awm a, an unauin tuiah an tla a, a nau zawk chu a vâk chhuak thei mai a, a u zawk chu a chhuah ve theih loh avangin a nau zawk chuan vaukam aṭanga ûm zelin, "Ka u, hleuh rawh, ka u, hleuh rawh" a ti zel a, mahse, a hleuh thei lo va. Chutih lai tak chuan thim a lo zîng ta thut a, a nau chu úleuhah a chang ta a, "Ka u, hleuh rawh, ka u, hleuh rawh," a tih chu hrâm nan a hmang ta a, tichuan, 'U-leuh, u-leuh' a ti hlen ta a ni an ti.
Uleuh hrâm hian Mizote lunglen a kaitho ṭhin a ni ang, hlaah pawh hmuh tur a awm nual. Lalhmingthanga'n a nupui Roṭhuami tana August ni 12, 1982-a a hla phuah 'Kar a hla, Duhlai mi u' châng hnihna (October 26, 1983-a Lalsangzuali Sailo-in a thlûk a siam)-ah chuan, thingkunga mawi taka hrâm ṭhin thereng a tarlan zingah ûleuh kan hmu tel a; uleuh chu thereng nge a nih a, laiking thla nei a nih thu erawh tarlan a ni lo thung.
Ṭhuva indî, lamtluang mawitu,
Phengpheleng leh vahkhuai par tlan;
Siahthing zar bel zai tin rem thiam,
Uleuh, dawlrêm, thlangkawrnu nen,
Di ngaih lunglen zai kan lo sa.
Pu Buanga leh Sap Upa ten dictionary an siam dun, kum 1898-a an tichhuahah chuan, 'U-leoh, (s.) the name of flying lizard' tiin a inziak a (A Grammar and Dictionary of the Lushai Language (Duhlien Dialect), 1898, p. 219). Pu Buanga mimal dictionary-ah thung chuan, 'U-leuh, n. the name of a flying lizard and also of a cicada. Both creatures have the same cry or call, resembling the name by which they are known. As but few people have seen both uttering their cry, some maintain that uleuh is a flying–lizard only, and others are equally sure that it is a cicada only." (Dictionary of the Lushai Language, 1940,1975). Remkunga chuan, 'Uleuh–n. Thereng chi khat, 'ú leuh' ti ang deuhva hrâm ṭhin' tiin a ziak (Mizo Ṭawng Dictionary, 1992, 2008, p.2641). James Dokhuma paw'n 'Uleuh: He thereng hi nipui laia hrâm, thereng hrâm mawi tak, ralkhata mi lungduh ko leuh leuh ni âwm tak hian a hram reuh a. Chu avang chu a ni ang e lunglen hla pakhat pawhin:
Koh thiam uleuh sawm ka nuam mang e,
Hringfa zawngin kan ko kir tawh hlei lo'ng e;
Chún lo-in Rihtlang a pan hne hne.
tiin a ziak bawk (Mizo Ṭawng Kalphung,2006, 2011, p. 184).
Mizote'n uleuh kan hriat dan a inang lo tih a chiang a: thereng chi khat tih leh, laiking ang deuh thla nei tiin sawi a ni ber a. Laiking thla nei tia hriate hian a hrâm lai an hmuh thu leh an hriat thu an sawi ṭhin a, hre chiang an inti viau bawk. Mi ṭhenkhatte erawh chuan thereng chi khat ni ngeiin an hre ve thung. Eng pawh ni se la, tun ṭumah hian uleuh hi thereng chi khat nge a ni a, laiking ang deuh thla nei tih kan chhui dawn a ni.
Uleuh hi laiking ang deuh thla nei a nih thu hi Pu Buanga Dictionary-ah tih loh, ziaka chhinchhiah chhiar tur a vang hle. Pu Buanga Dictionary tih lohah chuan 'Science Vision Vol.9. No. 2, p. 57–72, April–June' chhuak 'Collection on the Saurian (Reptilia : Squamata) fauna around Aizawl city area with notes on the ecology' tih thupui hmanga C Lalrinchhana, Lalnunsanga, Arti Kumari, Vanlalsawmi Renthlei, S Lalrintluanga, Lalrotluanga, Jerry Ramherliana leh H.T Lalremsanga te zirchianna kha a ni ang. Hetiang hian an ziak a:
Draco blanfordii Boulenger, 1885
Common name: Blanford's Flying Lizard
Mizo name: Uleuh
Specimen examined: MZU/ZOO/R–172
"Uleuhte hi Mizoramah chuan laiking thlawk thei awm chhun nia hriat an ni rih. An taksa hnung lam rawng hi vutbuak niin rawng dum lamin a ṭial zeuh zeuh bawk ṭhin. An thlaa râng (membrance)-te hi rawng dum bial insi miah loin a ṭial ṭhin bawk. A tlangpuiin an awr, ke hma invuahna bulah hian a rawng pawl lam bial deuh a awm ṭhin. Lu tê rêt râwt, mit hma lam aṭanga hnâr hmawr mit khur bial teh tlang aiin a tawi zawk. Hnar kuate hi hnar sirah awmin, an beng (tympanum)-ah phuhlip a awm a awm ṭhin bawk. Lu chunga phuhlip/thlur nei (kneeled scale)-te an intiat lo; hmui chhungah phuhlip 7 aṭanga 11-te a awm. An awrfual (gular sac) rawng eng dalte hi a langsarin a sei ṭhin hle, an lu ai pawhin a sei ṭhin. A pa hian a tukkhumah phuhlip thlukvûm a nei ve a. An taksa hnunga phuhlip kil neite hi an dula phuhlipte nen an intiat. An ke hma lam hi hma lama pawh marin an hmui hma lamah a lawr chhuak thei."
An chanchin tawi: Uleuhte hi kumtluana ram ngaw hring dup (evergreen forest)-ah khawsa ṭhinin, chhun lama chaw zawng chi (diunal) an ni. An thla hmang hian thing lêr pakhat aṭangin thing dangah thlawk (fly) ni chiah si lovin an lêu (glide) kai ṭhin. Fanghmir hi an chaw pui ber nia ngaih a ni. An inthlah dan leh khawsak dan hi mumal taka zir chian a la ni lo.
An awmna ramte: China (Yunnan), Thailand, Malaysia, Myanmar, Vietnam, India hmarchhak leh Bangladesh.
Zawhna awm thei ta chu, uleuh hi laiking thlâwk thei ni ta se 'u leuh, u leuh' tiin a hrâm thei ang em? Hemi chungchang hi Dr HT Lalremsanga, MZU-a professor leh Zoology department-a head chuan, "Laiking uleuh an tih hi Draco ho an ni a. An hrâm ri chhuak ngai lo. Uleuh tia hrâm an tih hi chu thereng ni zawk awm tak a ni. Chuvang chuan, uleuh hming hi thereng chi khat leh Draco hming inṭâwm a nih ber mai chu," tiin min hrilh.
Flying lizard hi Agamidae family-a mi a ni a. Agamidae family-ah hian species 550 chuang a awm thu Wikipedia-in a tarlang. Species tam zawk hi dragon-te emaw dragon lizard-te emaw tiin hriat ṭhin a nih thu a tarlan bawk. Laiking chi reng reng an anatomy han zir pawhin rimawi ang maia han hrâm ri chhuak tur chi an ni lo tih a chiang. Uleuh hrâm ri hre ve tawh îk tan chuan a hrâm mawizia leh lunglenthlakzia kan hre ngei ang. Rimawi ang maia mawiin, 'u-leuh u-leuh' tiin a hrâm hlerh hlerh a ni.
Uleuh nia mite'n an hriat flying lizard chu 'u-leuh, u-leuh' tia a hrâm theih si loh chuan eng nge ni ta ang?
Pu Buanga'n uleuh chu thereng (cicada) chi nia mi ṭhenkhatte'n an hriat thu a dictionary-ah a ziah tel thu kan tarlang tawh a. Remkunga leh James Dokhuma te paw'n thereng chi khat nia an rin thu kan tarlang tawh bawk. A hmain uleuh hrâm hun tih vel leh uleuh hi eng nge a nih tih ka lo la chîk tâwk loh avangin a hrâm pawh hi ka lo ngai thla liam vel mai mai ṭhin a. July ni 28, 2019 khan kan kawmchhaka theitât kungah uleuh a rawn hrâm a, a mawiin lung a tileng hle. Thereng nge a nih laiking thla nei tih ka han chian a, thereng ngei a nih tih ka chian thei ta. July ni 18, 2022 pawh khan kan inbulah mawi taka a hrâm thu ka chhinchhiah bawk.
A nih leh thereng ni ta se, 'ú-leuh, ú-leuh' tiin a hrâm thei ang em? Thereng (cicada)-te hi cicadidae chhungkuaa mi niin insect an ni bawk. He chhungkuaa mi hrâm ṭhin ho zawng zawng (Order Homoptera)-te chuan thla pan tê pahnih an nei ṭhin a, langsar takin mit an nei a, mit mâwlmang tak pathum an nei ṭhin bawk. Cicada-te hi a tlangpuiin centimetre 2-5 (inchi 0.8–2)-a lian an ni ṭhin.
Thereng pate hian ring takin an hrâm thei a. A chhan chu, an um bulṭhut hnaihah hian thil ráng fâwn thei–tymbals an neih vang a ni tiin Britannica (http://www.britannica.com)-in a tarlang.
Hetiang a nih chuan úleuh kan tih hi laiking thlâwk thei emaw, laiking ang deuh thla nei emaw ni lovin, thereng chi khat a nih hmel hle. A nih chuan úleuh hi eng vanga laiking thla nei nia mi ṭhenkhatte'n an hriat ve si ni ang? A chhan ni awma lang chu, laiking thla neite hi insectivorous (insect chawa ring ṭhin) an ni a. Fanghmir leh tlumpî an ei ber ṭhin nachungin, therengte pawh insect an nih tho avangin chaw atan an veh ṭhin ang a, a hrâmna bula an awm lai an hmuh ṭhin avanga sawi an ni mai thei.
Eng pawh ni se, pawm zawk tur chu ka tarlang chiangin ka hria. Mahse, pawm thei tlat lo tan chuan Pu Buanga sawi ang deuha uleuh chi hnih–thereng chi khat leh laiking thla nei a awm tia hriat mai a ṭha ang. Hetianga kan pawm dawn a nih pawhin laiking thla nei a hrâm ri chhuak ngai lo tih erawh chian a ṭha ang. Min la hnial fo dawn a nih chuan, laiking thla nei (u-leuh, u-leuh tia) hrâm lai ka hmuha ka hriat phawt loh chuan ka pawm thei bik lo ang. Thoma anga a nâka ka zen phawt loh chuan ka ti ve tlat dawn.
Uleuh hrâm hun chungchang han khel leh lawk ila. James Dokhuma chuan a lehkhabua thereng sawm (10) a tarlante chu:
Réngchal, Úleuh, Ngírthling, Dawlrêm, Lalruanga-seluphan-zawn, Losûl-thereng, Fanghma-tharko, Kawrnu, Chépchép, Vevu, Zuzi, Nipui-thereng leh Zo-kawrnu te an ni a. Úleuh chu nipui laia a hrâm ṭhin thu a sawi bawk (Mizo Ṭawng Kalphung, 2006, 2011, p. 182–185). Remkunga chuan 'Nipui–n. kum khata hun ṭhenna pakhat, ni sat zual ṭhin hun, March aṭanga May thla chhung hun' tiin a ziak a (Mizo Ṭawng Dictionary, 1992, 2008, p. 358). Hetiang a nih chuan Úleuh hrâm hun hi July thla aṭangin a ni si a. James Dokhuma hian dâwt a sawi em ni ang. Remkunga vêkin, 'Fûr–n. June thla aṭanga August thla chhung, ruahtui tlak tam lai hun' (Mizo Tawng Dictionary, 1992, 2008, p. 121) tiin a ziak bawk si a. Nipui ni lovin fûr laiin a hrâm zawk tihna a ni mai em?
JF Laldailova chuan, 'Summer, n. nipui, fûr, v.i. nipui tuar' tiin a ziak ve thung a (English-Lushai Dictionary, 1968, 2005, p. 489). Lalhmachhuana Zofa paw'n 'Thlasik (November-February), ṭhâl (March-May), fûr/nipui (June-August), favâng (September & October)' tiin JF Laldailova thlâwp zawngin a ziak bawk (Mizoram General Knowledge. 4th Edition 2000).
C Ṭhuamluaia'n 'Zoram Nipui' tih a ziakah chuan, "Kum khata hun li ṭhente zingah hian nipui lai hi hun mawi nuam ber a nih ka ring. Fûr lai hi chu ruahtui a tam ṭhin em a. Khawlai lên leh ramchhuahte a nuam lo va, Zo fate tan phei hi chuan hlo thlova ṭul em em hun lai a ni a, sawi lovah lo lum ta ila. Favang hun rei lo tê tih mai loh chu hun nghahhlelh em em dang kan nei lo... Fûr khaw hnawm a lo reh a, favang hun nuam tak a lo thleng a, mahse, a ral leh thuai a, thlasik a lo ni a, a reh leh dawn nange maw aw tih turah rei a rawn awh a. Mahse, January thla a lo thleng a, chhun khaw thiangah khua han thlir ila, thlaphânna zawng zawng a bo ta a ni. Romei chhûm a lo zam ṭan den den a, chu chuan nipui a hla tawh lo tih kan pi leh pute a lo hrilh tawh ṭhin a, keini pawh min hrilh a ni a; ṭhang leh thar zel pawh a la rawn hrilh ṭhin dawn a ni. Ni e, lungngai suh. Ṭuahpui leh Vau zawng an lo la vul leh ngei dawn e," tiin a tarlang.
A khaikhawmna chu a chhiartute pawm danah a innghat e.
- Zoliansanga Tlau